1
|
Iwa N, Yutani C, Komatsu S, Takahashi S, Takewa M, Ohara T, Kodama K. Novel Methods for Detecting Human Cholesterol Crystals from Sampled Blood. Lab Med 2021; 53:255-261. [PMID: 34755193 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonobstructive general angiography (NOGA) is a novel modality to detect and sample spontaneous ruptured aortic plaques (SRAPs). We aimed to establish novel methods to detect cholesterol crystals (CCs) in sampled SRAPs. METHODS Blood specimens containing SRAPs were obtained from patients using NOGA. Blood was instantly frozen on a glass slide and subsequently thawed for quantitative analysis and spread onto a filter paper that was rinsed using distilled water. Qualitative analysis was performed for the rinsed water using polarized light microscopy, and the filter paper was embedded in paraffin for histologic analysis. RESULTS The CCs were clearly observed after hemolysis using the instant freeze-thaw method. The filter paper rinse method indicated free CCs of varying shapes under polarized light microscopy without erythrocytes. On the filter paper, sampled SRAPs showed Lamé-like small particles. Histopathology revealed various atheromatous components. CONCLUSION A set of novel methods for detecting CCs from sampled blood was established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuzo Iwa
- Division of Pathology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chikao Yutani
- Division of Pathology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sei Komatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Takewa
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ohara
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kodama
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma S, Dey P. Preliminary report on monolayer preparation of cervical sample by indigenous technique. Diagn Cytopathol 2020; 48:1318-1321. [PMID: 32735389 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Sharma
- Department of Cytology and Gynec Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pranab Dey
- Department of Cytopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma S, Dey P. Indigenous Technique as an Effective Liquid-Based Cytology Tool for Multiple Single-Layered Cell Preparations. J Cytol 2020; 37:122-125. [PMID: 33088029 PMCID: PMC7542042 DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_21_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the application of Modified Millipore technique (MMT) as a liquid-based tool to have multiple monolayer cellular smears for the routine cytology and Immunocytochemistry. Materials and Methods: In this study, we included 32 effusion fluid samples and 30 fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) samples. From each of the samples, at first routine conventional smear was prepared. The residual samples were processed by MMT to make multiple smear preparation. Both the conventional and MMT of the monolayer cells were evaluated. The various cytomorphological features including the cellularity, background information, nuclear morphology, and cytoplasmic preservation were compared in these two techniques. Result: There were a total of 15 cases of fluid samples and 27 cases of FNAC. Statistical analysis of Mann–Whitney U test showed that the monolayer preparation by MMT and liquid-based cytology of fluid and FNAC smears are of same quality (P > 0.01). Conclusion: Monolayer preparation by MMT is cheap and effective. This technique can be used in routine laboratory for multiple monolayer cell preparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Sharma
- Department of Cytology and Gynec Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pranab Dey
- Department of Cytology and Gynec Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cristo APD, Goldstein HF, Faccin CS, Maia AL, Graudenz MS. Increasing diagnostic effectiveness of thyroid nodule evaluation by implementation of cell block preparation in routine US-FNA analysis. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2017; 60:367-73. [PMID: 27533613 PMCID: PMC10118724 DOI: 10.1590/2359-3997000000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) biopsy has proven to be an accurate and efficient tool in thyroid nodule evaluation. We evaluated whether cell block adds to the diagnostic accuracy of US-FNA. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Three hundred twenty-eight consecutive patients underwent US-FNA, cytology and cell block evaluation. Six slides were prepared for each patient and stained by Papanicolaou and Giemsa techniques. The residual hemorrhagic aspirate in the syringe and needle was fixed in 10% formalin and paraffin-embedded (cell block). The histological sections were examined as a complementary diagnostic tool to US-FNA. RESULTS The study population comprised 89% females and the mean age was 57.4 ± 13.7 years. The mean nodule size was 2.3 ± 1.2 cm. US-FNA cytological results were as follows: Bethesda I, 17.1% (n = 56); Bethesda II, 61.6% (n = 202); Bethesda III, 9.5% (n = 31); Bethesda IV, 5.8% (n = 19); Bethesda V, 2.4% (n = 8), and Bethesda VI, 3.6% (n = 12). Cell blocks were obtained in 100% of cases and were considered diagnostic in 89.6%. Combined cytological and cell block (cyto-cell block) results were as follows: unsatisfactory, 4.3% (n = 14); benign, 72.6% (n = 238); indeterminate, 11.3% (n = 37); follicular lesion, 5.8% (n = 19); suspicious for malignancy, 2.4% (n = 8), and malignant, 3.6% (n = 12). The sensitivity and specificity for cyto-cell block was 100% and 90%, respectively, and the accuracy was 94%. Cyto-cell block analysis reduced the rate of unsatisfactory samples (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The cyto-cell block interpretation improved the efficiency of US-FNA. This simple, fast and low-cost technique should be used as an adjunctive test in thyroid nodule evaluation. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(4):367-73.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia de Cristo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Heloísa Folgierini Goldstein
- Serviço de Patologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Carlo Sasso Faccin
- Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Ana Luiza Maia
- Unidade de Tireoide, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Marcia Silveira Graudenz
- Serviço de Patologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taweevisit M, Bunyayothin W, Thorner PS. Thyroid Paraganglioma: "Naked" Nuclei as a Clue to Diagnosis on Imprint Cytology. Endocr Pathol 2015; 26:232-8. [PMID: 26116097 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-015-9380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A cytologic diagnosis of paraganglioma of the thyroid is difficult to make because the thyroid gland is an unusual location for such a tumor and the cytologic findings overlap with other benign and malignant thyroid tumors. We report the case of a 28-year-old female presenting with a solitary mass of the right thyroid gland. A diagnosis of paraganglioma was made on the resected specimen. At the time of tumor resection, imprint cytology was performed. The imprint was hypercellular with cohesive sheets of round cells showing anisokaryosis and anisocytosis. Moreover, there was a second cell type consisting of oval nuclei with dispersed nuclear chromatin present within the sheets and separate as "naked" nuclei. By immunohistochemistry, the cohesive round cells were positive for chromogranin A, indicating chief cells. The naked nuclei were positive for S-100 protein, indicating sustentacular cells. To the best our knowledge, this is the first case report describing naked nuclei as a cytologic feature of paraganglioma. Identification of sustentacular cells provides a clue for the cytologic diagnosis of paraganglioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mana Taweevisit
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 King Rama IV Street, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Keyhani E, Sharghi SA, Amini R, Sharghi SA, Karimlou M, Moghaddam FA, Larijani B. Liquid base cytology in evaluation of thyroid nodules. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:82. [PMID: 25298957 PMCID: PMC4189558 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-014-0082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Palpable thyroid nodules are present in 4-7% of general population and Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) is now accepted by endocrinologists and thyroid surgeons as a safe, simple and cost effective procedure for evaluating a thyroid nodule. The obtained sample can be spread directly on slides, processed as cell block preparations or prepared as liquid base smears. Liquid base method has been recently accepted due to its shorter preparation time and better preservation of nuclear details. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic results of two commonly used methods: Liquid Base Preparation and Cell Block Preparation in evaluation of thyroid nodules. Methods The samples were taken from 100 patients with a solitary nodule or a prominent nodule on a multinodular goiter background (excluding hot nodules). The obtained samples were used to prepare conventional smears (CS), Cell Block Preparations (CBP) and Liquid Base Preparations (LBP). The slides were studied by two pathologists, considering the following parameters: Cellularity, Colloid, Lymphocytes/Plasma cells and Macrophages. Results 87% of cases revealed informative results in LBP method while in the same group of patients only 69% of samples were informative after processing by CBP method. Sensitivity and specificity of both methods compared with the conventional smears and with each other and it is concluded that LBP is a reliable method for evaluating of a thyroid nodule. Other studies also show the same results. Conclusion The liquid base method should be trusted due to its easier procedure, cleaner slide background, its higher specificity and higher diagnostic yields. It can be used instead of CBP and in association with CS to increase the accuracy of evaluation of thyroid nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Keyhani
- Genetics Research Center-University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Koudakyar st.-Daneshjoo blv., Tehran, (1985713834) Iran
| | - Sasan A Sharghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, (1411413137) Iran
| | - Rana Amini
- Sepid Pathobiology Laboratory, No.831-North Taleghani Blv., Karaj, (3155783618) Iran
| | - Sina A Sharghi
- Iran University of Medical Sciences-Hemmat Highway, Tehran, (1449614535) Iran
| | - Masoud Karimlou
- Social Department of Health Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, (1985713834) Iran
| | - Fatemeh A Moghaddam
- Genetics Research Center-University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Koudakyar st.-Daneshjoo blv., Tehran, (1985713834) Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, (1411413137) Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cochand-Priollet B, Dahan H, Laloi-Michelin M, Polivka M, Saada M, Herman P, Guillausseau PJ, Hamzi L, Poté N, Sarfati E, Wassef M, Combe H, Raulic-Raimond D, Chedin P, Medeau V, Casanova D, Kania R. Immunocytochemistry with cytokeratin 19 and anti-human mesothelial cell antibody (HBME1) increases the diagnostic accuracy of thyroid fine-needle aspirations: preliminary report of 150 liquid-based fine-needle aspirations with histological control. Thyroid 2011; 21:1067-73. [PMID: 21875347 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2011.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules are relatively common (7% of the population) but are malignant in only 5%-10% of cases. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to detect cancer can have > 90% sensitivity but only 50%-65% specificity because of false-positive results, which necessitates surgical controls. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of immunocytochemistry (ICC) of thyroid FNA to improve its sensitivity and specificity. METHODS We prospectively collected 2038 thyroid FNAs, of which 1397 were FNA biopsies with liquid-based cytology (Thin-Prep-Hologic®). ICC with cytokeratin 19 and HBME1 antibodies (Dako® A/S) was used for all malignant cases and cases of atypical cells of undetermined significance (AUS), follicular neoplasm (FN), and nodules suspicious for malignancy-papillary thyroid carcinoma (SM-PTC) as well as some benign cases (abnormal features on radiography or benign on secondary FNA). ICC results were defined as "non-contributory," "favoring benign," "favoring malignant," or "indeterminate." Results for 150 cases were compared with histological controls for diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS Of these 150 cases ICC was helpful for benign or malignant triage of 48 cases of AUS, FN, and SM-PTC (42% of these lesions). Six (4%) ICC results were false positive (favoring malignant with benign histology) but none were false negative (favoring benign with malignant histology). Results for indeterminate cytological cases favored malignant or benign disease with sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values of 100%, 85.2%, 100%, and 86.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS ICC of thyroid FNAs with cytokeratin 19 and HBME1 antibodies can reduce the false-positive and false-negative results of single morphological analyses. It can increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis, thus improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing the need for surgical controls.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pitman MB, Abele J, Ali SZ, Duick D, Elsheikh TM, Jeffrey RB, Powers CN, Randolph G, Renshaw A, Scoutt L. Techniques for thyroid FNA: a synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference. Diagn Cytopathol 2008; 36:407-24. [PMID: 18478608 DOI: 10.1002/dc.20829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) sponsored the NCI Thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) State of the Science Conference on October 22-23, 2007 in Bethesda, MD. The 2-day meeting was accompanied by a permanent informational website and several on-line discussion periods between May 1 and December 15, 2007 (http://thyroidfna.cancer.gov). This document summarizes matters addressing manual and ultrasound guided FNA technique and related issues. Specific topics covered include details regarding aspiration needles, devices, and methods, including the use of core needle biopsy; the pros and cons of anesthesia; the influence of thyroid lesion location, size, and characteristics on technique; the role of ultrasound in the FNA of a palpable thyroid nodule; the advantages and disadvantages of various specialists performing a biopsy; the optimal number of passes and tissue preparation methods; sample adequacy criteria for solid and cystic nodules, and management of adverse reactions from the procedure. (http://thyroidfna.cancer.gov/pages/info/agenda/)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Bishop Pitman
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saleh HA, Hammoud J, Zakaria R, Khan AZ. Comparison of Thin-Prep and cell block preparation for the evaluation of Thyroid epithelial lesions on fine needle aspiration biopsy. Cytojournal 2008; 5:3. [PMID: 18364046 PMCID: PMC2291068 DOI: 10.1186/1742-6413-5-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to compare the utility of Thin-Prep (TP) cytologic preparation with that of Cell Block (CB) preparation in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions, mainly follicular epithelial lesions, by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Feasibility of using the TP slides for immunocytochemical stains is also discussed. Methods A total of 126 consecutive cases of thyroid FNAB with TP slides and 128 consecutive cases of thyroid FNAB with CB slides were reviewed blindly by two cytopathologists. The presence of colloid, follicular cells, macrophages and lymphocytes/plasma cells were recorded and scored 0–4 on each case based on TP or CB slide review. The cytologic diagnoses were grouped as follows: cyst, colloid nodule, colloid nodule with cystic change, chronic thyroiditis, atypical/neoplastic and non-diagnostic. Results The TP slides had higher diagnostic rate than CB slides. The diagnostic yield was 68% of the TP slides whereas only 24% of the CB slides were diagnostic. Also, only 4 atypical/neoplastic lesions were diagnosed on the TP slides and the corresponding direct smears, while 5 cases of atypical/neoplastic lesions were diagnosed on the smears but could not be diagnosed on the corresponding CB slides. Additionally, the TP slides revealed cytologic features that were not observed on the direct traditional smears of the same case. Conclusion In thyroid FNAB cases, TP slide preparation is superior to CB slide preparation and is more likely to have greater cellularity for diagnosis and detect atypical/neoplastic thyroid lesions, particularly those of follicular cell origin. Furthermore, TP slides appear to detect helpful diagnostic cytologic features and should be considered complementary to, rather than replacing, direct smears.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Husain A Saleh
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University/Sinai- Grace Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48302, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|