Cervical lymph node metastasis of ovarian dysgerminoma: A case report with fine needle aspiration cytology

Adult ovarian and sellar region mixed germ cell tumor: a case report and literature review

Mixed germ cell tumors (mGCTs) involving both the ovaries and sellar region have been rarely reported; thus, they pose significant challenges in clinical management. Our report of a case of a 26-year-old female with left ovarian mGCTs (dysgerminoma + yolk sac tumor) who presented with postoperative headaches and blurred vision contributes new information to the literature on treating mGCTs, which can lead to standardized regimens and sequencing guidelines. A physical examination revealed right temporal hemianopia, and elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein were detected in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sellar region revealed a space-occupying lesion. Pathological examination of the tumor after endoscopic transnasal resection confirmed the diagnosis of mGCTs (germinomas + yolk sac tumor). The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy at reduced dosages. During follow-up, tumor markers remained within normal limits, and there was no evidence of tumor recurrence on sellar region MRI. This case highlights the rarity of the simultaneous occurrence of ovarian and sellar region mGCTs and emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management.

Paediatric Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report

Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant germ cell tumour of the ovary. Abdominal pain, abdominal distention, and the presence of a palpable mass are common symptoms at presentation. This is usually detected in youth, before the age of 20 years. Ovarian or adnexal tumours are very rare in patients below the age of 18 years, most of them being functional cysts, only 10% being malignant. Here is a rare case of an 8 years old girl with dysgerminoma who underwent right-sided salpingo-oophorectomy for unilateral involvement with conservation of fertility and now the patient is on chemotherapy as the tumour metastasized to the pre-aortic lymph node.

Keywords

case reports; dysgerminoma; metastasis; paediatrics.

Uncommon Metastasis of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors (OMGCT) represent less than 10% of all ovarian tumors. Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant primitive germ cell tumor in young women, known for its curability and low propensity to invade and metastasize when diagnosed early. Herein, we report an unusual type of ovarian dysgerminoma (OD) metastasis with a brief review of the literature, lacking similar reported cases. To our knowledge, although there are several case reports of dysgerminoma metastases with variable anatomic location and presentation, vaginal metastasis has not been previously described. The local or systemic relapse together with local and distant metastasis is considered as an independent predictor of poor survival in patients with OD. In light of the absence of mutations status, our patient successfully responded to therapy. Currently, the patient remains in clinical remission. A specific follow-up plan is ongoing knowing that ovarian dysgerminomas tend to recur most often in the first 2–3 years after treatment.