Fine-needle aspiration cytology of juvenile granulosa cell tumour: A case report with summary of prior published cases

Reevaluation of ovarian cyst fine-needle aspiration cytology: A 10-year institutional experience

OBJECTIVES

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of ovarian cyst fluid remains useful for certain clinical circumstances despite low sensitivity and potential safety concerns. The current study aimed to reevaluate the performance of ovarian cystic fluid cytology following American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines using a single-institution cohort.

METHODS

A total of 507 ovarian cyst FNA cases from 2013 to 2023 were reviewed. Patients' demographics and clinical and radiologic information were collected through the electronic database. The performance was calculated using corresponding surgical pathology diagnosis as the gold standard.

RESULTS

Overall, cytologic diagnoses were nondiagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NFM), atypical (ATY), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant (M) in 5 (1.0%), 478 (94.3%), 14 (2.7%), 2 (0.4%), and 8 (1.6%) cases, respectively. Among 349 specimens (68.8%) that had a corresponding surgical pathology, the rate of malignancy (including borderline tumors) was 1.2% (4 of 325) in NFM, 72.7% in ATY (8 of 11), and 100% in both SFM (2 of 2) and M (8 of 8) specimens. Considering NFM and ATY as negative results and SFM and M as positive results, overall, the sensitivity of ovarian cystic fluid cytology was 45.4% and the specificity was 100%.

CONCLUSIONS

As an uncommon test, ovarian cystic fluid cytology has moderate sensitivity and high specificity. Despite limitations, ovarian cystic FNA cytology remains a valuable diagnostic tool in certain aspects.

Ovarian tumors in the pediatric population: An update

Research reveals that 1% of neoplasms in females under 17 years of age are ovarian neoplasms and though usually benign, malignant tumors may occur in the pediatric age group. This review considers various current concepts of these tumors including the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment options including the need to provide fertility-sparing surgery as well as their potential impacts on the psychological well-being of children and adolescents. We gathered data from the published articles ranging from studies, meta-analyses, retrospective studies, and reviews. We focused on the articles published in English between January 1, 2000, and August 31, 2023. Only a few articles published prior to 2000 were included for historical perspective.

Metastatic juvenile granulosa cell tumor in abdominal wall

Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) is an uncommon ovarian tumor. There are only a few cases in the literature that depict the cytomorphology of JGCT at the primary/metastatic site. We described the fine-needle aspiration cytology of a recurrent metastatic JGCT of the anterior abdominal wall, 5 years post-surgery (total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy).