Fine-needle aspiration cytology in Kimura's disease

Kimura Disease-A Case Report

Kimura Disease, an eosinophilic hyperplastic granulomatous disease of idiopathic origin is most commonly seen in young males. It mostly presents with deep subcutaneous tissue swelling along with enlargement of salivary glands and regional lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis is mainly based on histopathological findings and raised serum IgE and hypereosinophilia. The radiological investigation of choice is Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Management strategy includes surgery and steroid therapy. Chemotherapeutic agents are also frequently used by some centres. Relapse and recurrence stands to be a common problem with management of this disease process.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03817-y.

Kimura's disease: effects of age on clinical presentation

BACKGROUND

Kimura's disease (KD) is known to be dominant among young Asian men, but it can also occur in middle- and advanced-aged people. The clinical characteristics of KD, especially by age, are not well known.

AIM

This study was performed to investigate the effects of age on the clinical characteristics of KD.

DESIGN

We conducted a case series study.

METHODS

All case studies of patients diagnosed with KD were collected via a PubMed search of studies published until August 2018. The data were analyzed by age group.

RESULTS

In total, 215 studies were reviewed (238 patients; mean age of 36 years). The male:female ratio was 4:1 overall, 17:1 in patients aged <20 years, 4:1 in patients aged 20-39 years and 2:1 in patients aged ≥40 years (P = 0.01). The percentage of patients with pruritus was 15.4% overall, 3.8% in patients aged <20 years, 15.5% in patients aged 20-39 years and 21.7% in patients aged ≥40 years (P = 0.02). The time to diagnosis was 5.3 years overall, 3.2 years in patients aged <20 years, 4.7 years in patients aged 20-39 years and 7.1 years in patients aged ≥40 years (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

The proportion of female patients affected the incidence of pruritus, and the time to diagnosis increased as the patients' age increased. There were no significant age-related differences in region/race, complications, multiplicity, laterality, anatomical distribution, maximum size, eosinophil count, immunoglobulin E level, initial treatment, recurrence or outcomes. This may be useful information for the diagnosis of KD.

Kimura's disease: A diagnostic challenge experienced with cytology of postauricular swelling with histopathological relevance

Kimura's disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown cause. It is endemic in Asia, affecting more number of males than females, with a ratio of 3:1. The typical clinical manifestations include a triad of painless unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy or subcutaneous masses predominantly in the head and neck region, blood and tissue eosinophilia, and an elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Variable conditions both benign and malignant may mimic Kimura's disease both clinically and on fine needle aspirates. The confirmatory diagnosis is established only by histopathological examination. We report a case of Kimura's disease in a patient who underwent multiple investigations in view of her past history and family history of pulmonary Koch's. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed thrice with consistently similar result of reactive lymphadenitis with numerous histiocytes and eosinophilia. The final diagnosis of Kimura's disease could finally be established only on histopathological examination.

Kimura's Disease: A Case Report

Kimura's disease is a rare, idiopathic condition that usually affects young men of Asian descent. The disease is characterized by swelling and lesions in the head and neck region, with involvement of the subcutaneous soft tissue, major salivary glands, and lymph nodes. Patients almost always have eosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels. The diagnosis is established by biopsy. Kimura's disease is usually self-limiting. Its etiology is unknown but is thought to be a manifestation of an aberrant allergic response. In this paper, we describe the case of a 30-year-old patient who was diagnosed with Kimura's disease at our institution.

Fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes

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Status of intraoperative cytology in the diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioma

Whereas evaluation of the frozen section of a subcutaneous retro-auricular mass was equivocal, the correct diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioma could be suggested on examination of intraoperative cytological smears. It is proposed that in the absence of cytological cues of malignancy and in the presence of the proper clinical setting, the constellation of vascular structures, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and clusters of cuboidal cells with vacuoles in their abundant acidophilic cytoplasm is indicative of epithelioid hemangioma.