A new approach to measuring patience in preschoolers

Studi Deskriptif Isi Pesan Moral Pada Lirik Lagu Dolanan Khas Jawa

Pembelajaran moral sejak dini penting dilakukan sebagai fondasi pembentukan perilaku yang akan menentukan bagaimana anak akan berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Banyak studi yang menyampaikan adanya penurunan perilaku moral positif seperti kebaikan, kepercayaan, tanggungjawab, kebenaran, dan rasa hormat antar sesama manusia. Salah satu metode yang menyenangkan untuk anak usia dini (AUD) dalam pembelajaran moral adalah melalui lagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan isi pesan moral lirik lagu dolanan khas Jawa. Jenis penelitian hermeunetika milik Gadamer digunakan untuk mengungkap makna dari setiap lirik lagu dolanan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara menggali makna dari setiap lirik lagu. Hasilnya bahwa lagu dolanan memiliki nilai karakter seperti tidak serakah, sabar, berempati terhadap orang lain, tidak mudah putus asa, dan mampu membedakan perilaku baik dan buru. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi bagi guru untuk memberikan pendidikan moral yang menyenangkan pada anak usia dini melalui lagu.

Patience Is a Virtue: Theory of Mind Longitudinally Predicts Children's Delay during School Transition

Four- to seven-year-old children participated in a battery of tasks assessing their theory of mind, conflict inhibition, and delay at time 1, and theory of mind and delay one year later at time 2. Cross-lagged analysis revealed that earlier theory of mind predicted later delay after controlling for earlier conflict inhibition and theory of mind, child age, and family socioeconomic status. The findings highlighted the dynamic nature of the association between theory of mind and delay during the school transition years in its strength and direction, and the increasing specificity in the structure of executive function with age.

Two facets of patience in young children: Waiting with and without an explicit reward

Patience, or the ability to tolerate delay, is typically studied using delay of gratification (DoG) tasks. However, among other factors (e.g., type of reward), the use of a reward to test patience is affected by an individual's motivation to obtain the reward (e.g., degree of preference for the small vs. large reward). In addition, DoG tasks do not assess the extent to which an individual can wait in the absence of an explicit reward-or what we term "patience as a virtue." Accordingly, the current study used a new measure of patience-the "pure waiting paradigm"-in which 3- to 5-year-old children waited 3 min with nothing to do and with no explicit reward. We then examined the relation between performance on this task (as assessed by children's spontaneous patient behaviors) and performance on two DoG tasks (candy and video rewards). Significant correlations were found between DoG performance and patient behaviors in the pure waiting paradigm, especially when controlling for motivation. These results and methodology show for the first time a direct link between patience as a virtue and DoG performance and also provide new insights about the study of patience in children.