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Kamel AM, Mira MF, Ebid GTA, Kassem SH, Radwan ER, Mamdouh M, Amin M, Badawy N, Bazaraa H, Ibrahim A, Salah N. Association of insulin gene VNTR INS -23/Hph1 A>T (rs689) polymorphism with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Egyptian children. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-019-0017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Type1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has a multi-factorial pathogenesis; the interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors is thought to provide the fundamental element for the disease. Apart from HLA, more than 50 genetic variants are associated with T1DM. INS -23/Hph1 A>T (rs689) is one of the effective loci with inconsistent reports in the literature. Accordingly, this study was designed to define the frequencies of INS -23/Hph1 A>T polymorphism and its association with T1DM in Egyptian diabetic children and their non-diabetic family members as compared to healthy controls.
Methods
Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology, analysis of insulin gene VNTR polymorphism was performed for 496 samples (91 patients, 179 parents, 130 siblings, and 96 controls); parents and siblings were apparently healthy.
Results
INS genotypes and allele frequencies were comparable between patients, non-diabetic siblings, and parents (p = 0.97 and 0.77, respectively). However, the TT/AT genotype and T allele were over-presented in the three family groups compared to controls (p = 0.0015 and 0.0029, respectively).
Comparing patients to controls, the T allele is considered a risk factor for the development of TIDM (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.42–4.62, p = 0.0017).
INS -23/Hph1 A>T polymorphism showed concordance between patients and their mothers (Kappa = 0.446, p = 0.000) but not with their fathers (Kappa = 0.031, p = 0.765).
Conclusions
INS -23/Hph1 A>T gene polymorphism was shown to be a risk factor for the development of TIDM. This is in agreement with some and in disagreement with other reports. Studies of risk susceptibility factors have to be carried out locally in each community; results cannot be extrapolated from one ethnic group to another.
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Rasool SUA, Ashraf S, Nabi M, Rashid F, Masoodi SR, Fazili KM, Amin S. Insulin gene VNTR class III allele is a risk factor for insulin resistance in Kashmiri women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Meta Gene 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2019.100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells in genetically predisposed individuals, eventually resulting in severe insulin deficiency. It is the most common form of diabetes in children and adolescents. Genetic susceptibility plays a crucial role in development of T1DM. The human leukocyte antigen complex plays a key role in the pathogenesis of T1DM. Furthermore, genome-wide association studies and linkage analysis have recently made a significant contribution to current knowledge relative to the impact of genetics on T1DM development and progression. This review focuses on current knowledge of genetics as a pathogenesis for T1DM. It also discusses mechanisms by which genes influence the risk of developing T1DM as well as the clinical and research applications of genetic risk scores in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Sang Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea,Address for correspondence: Hae Sang Lee, MD, PhD Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cupro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea Tel: +82-31-219-5166 Fax: +82-31-219-5169 E-mail:
| | - Jin Soon Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Zhang N, Huang W, Dong F, Liu Y, Zhang B, Jing L, Wang M, Yang G, Jing C. Insulin gene VNTR polymorphisms -2221MspI and -23HphI are associated with type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a meta-analysis. Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:1143-55. [PMID: 26362169 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A variable number of tandem repeat (VNTRs) region in the insulin gene (INS) possibly influences the progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). However, effects of INS VNTR polymorphisms in these contexts remain inconclusive. METHODS We performed a systematic review of work on the INS VNTR -2221MspI and -23HphI polymorphisms to estimate the overall effects thereof on disease susceptibility; we included 17,498 T1D patients and 24,437 controls, and 1960 LADA patients and 5583 controls. RESULTS For T1D, the C allele at -2221MspI and the A allele at -23HphI were associated with estimated relative risks of 2.13 (95 % CI 1.94, 2.35) and 0.46 (95 % CI 0.44, 0.48), which contributed to absolute increases of 46.76 and 46.98 % in the risk of all T1D, respectively. The estimated lambda values were 0.44 and 0.42, respectively, suggesting that a co-dominant model most likely explained the effects of -2221MspI and -23HphI on T1D. For -23HphI, the A allele carried an estimated relative risk of 0.55 (95 % CI 0.50, 0.61) for LADA and increased the risk of all LADA by 36.94 %. The λ value was 0.43, suggesting that a co-dominant model most likely explained the effect of -23HphI on LADA. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the existence of associations of INS with T1D and LADA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihuang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Baohuan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Lipeng Jing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chunxia Jing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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Peng H, Li J, Chen X, Zhou X, Zhu W, Li F. Genetic Variants of PTPN2 Gene in Chinese Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2653-8. [PMID: 26344020 PMCID: PMC4566944 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have reported the association of PTPN2 gene with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in many populations but not in the Chinese Han population. Therefore, the goal of our study was to replicate the reported association between 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs478582 and rs2542151) in the PTPN2 gene and T1DM in Chinese Han children. Material/Methods This case-control study included 141 Chinese Han children with T1DM and 282 healthy controls. Genetic variants of rs478582 and rs2542151 in PTPN2 gene were performed by PCR amplification followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results No difference was observed in association of rs478582 in The PTPN2 gene and T1DM. The distribution of allele frequency of rs2542151 differed significantly between T1DM patients and healthy controls (OR, 0.6; 95%CI: 0.44 to 0.95; and P=0.024). Dominant model of rs254215 also was associated with T1DM (OR, 0.6; 95%CI: 0.40 to 0.96; and P=0.032). Younger age at onset in G carriers appeared to increase the risk for T1DM (P=0.030). Conclusions The findings suggested that rs2542151 SNP in The PTPN2 gene was associated with T1DM in Chinese Han children. Further studies with larger sample sizes involving gene-gene interactions are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jiamei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Tumor necrosis factor-associated susceptibility to type 1 diabetes is caused by linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DR3 haplotypes. Hum Immunol 2012; 73:566-73. [PMID: 22366579 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). The TNF gene locus is located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region and its genetic polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with T1D. However, it is not clear whether these associations are primary or caused by their linkage disequilibrium with other predisposing genes within the MHC. We have tested 2 TNF-α single nucleotide polymorphisms at positions -308G/A and -238G/A in the 5' untranslated region and a (GT)n microsatellite TNFa in the North Indian healthy population and T1D patients with known HLA-A-B-DR-DQ haplotypes. The allele frequencies of TNFa5, -308A, and -238G were determined to be significantly increased among patients compared with controls. Although the observed positive association of -238G was caused by its presence on all 3 DR3(+) groups, namely, B8-DR3-DQ2, B50-DR3-DQ2, and B58-DR3-DQ2 haplotypes associated with T1D in this population, the increase of the -308A allele was caused by its association with the latter 2 haplotypes. On the other hand, TNF -308G occurred on B8-DR3 haplotypes along with -238G and TNFa5 alleles, particularly in T1D patients with late disease onset (at >20 years of age). These results indicate that TNF associations with T1D are caused by their linkage disequilibrium with specific HLA-DR3-DQ2 haplotypes in the Indian population. Because polymorphisms in the promoter region regulate TNF expression levels (e.g., -308A), they retain crucial immunological significance in the development of T1D and its management.
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