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Sautreuil C, Lecointre M, Dalmasso J, Lebon A, Leuillier M, Janin F, Lecuyer M, Bekri S, Marret S, Laquerrière A, Brasse-Lagnel C, Gil S, Gonzalez BJ. Expression of placental CD146 is dysregulated by prenatal alcohol exposure and contributes in cortical vasculature development and positioning of vessel-associated oligodendrocytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1294746. [PMID: 38269113 PMCID: PMC10806802 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1294746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent data showed that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) impairs the "placenta-brain" axis controlling fetal brain angiogenesis in human and preclinical models. Placental growth factor (PlGF) has been identified as a proangiogenic messenger between these two organs. CD146, a partner of the VEGFR-1/2 signalosome, is involved in placental angiogenesis and exists as a soluble circulating form. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether placental CD146 may contribute to brain vascular defects described in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. At a physiological level, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments performed in human placenta showed that CD146 is expressed in developing villi and that membrane and soluble forms of CD146 are differentially expressed from the first trimester to term. In the mouse placenta, a similar expression pattern of CD146 was found. CD146 immunoreactivity was detected in the labyrinth zone and colocalized with CD31-positive endothelial cells. Significant amounts of soluble CD146 were quantified by ELISA in fetal blood, and the levels decreased after birth. In the fetal brain, the membrane form of CD146 was the majority and colocalized with microvessels. At a pathophysiological level, PAE induced marked dysregulation of CD146 expression. The soluble form of CD146 decreased in both placenta and fetal blood, whereas it increased in the fetal brain. Similarly, the expression of several members of the CD146 signalosome, such as VEGFR2 and PSEN, was differentially impaired between the two organs by PAE. At a functional level, targeted repression of placental CD146 by in utero electroporation (IUE) of CRISPR/Cas9 lentiviral plasmids resulted in (i) a decrease in cortical vessel density, (ii) a loss of radial vascular organization, and (iii) a reduced density of oligodendrocytes. Statistical analysis showed that the more the vasculature was impaired, the more the cortical oligodendrocyte density was reduced. Altogether, these data support that placental CD146 contributes to the proangiogenic "placenta-brain" axis and that placental CD146 dysfunction contributes to the cortical oligo-vascular development. Soluble CD146 would represent a promising placental biomarker candidate representative of alcohol-induced neurovascular defects in neonates, as recently suggested by PlGF (patents WO2016207253 and WO2018100143).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Sautreuil
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Maryline Lecointre
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | | | - Alexis Lebon
- Rouen Université, US51 HeRacLeS, PRIMACEN Platform, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Normandie Université, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | | | - François Janin
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Matthieu Lecuyer
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Soumeya Bekri
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
- Rouen Université, CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Marret
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
- Rouen Université, CHU Rouen, Department of Neonatal Pediatrics and Intensive Care, Rouen, France
| | - Annie Laquerrière
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
- Rouen Université, CHU Rouen, Department of Pathology, Rouen Normandy Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Carole Brasse-Lagnel
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Gil
- Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, Paris, France
| | - Bruno J. Gonzalez
- Rouen Université, Inserm U1245 – Team “Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders”, Normandie Université, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
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Frith TJR, Briscoe J, Boezio GLM. From signalling to form: the coordination of neural tube patterning. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 159:168-231. [PMID: 38729676 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of the vertebrate spinal cord involves the formation of the neural tube and the generation of multiple distinct cell types. The process starts during gastrulation, combining axial elongation with specification of neural cells and the formation of the neuroepithelium. Tissue movements produce the neural tube which is then exposed to signals that provide patterning information to neural progenitors. The intracellular response to these signals, via a gene regulatory network, governs the spatial and temporal differentiation of progenitors into specific cell types, facilitating the assembly of functional neuronal circuits. The interplay between the gene regulatory network, cell movement, and tissue mechanics generates the conserved neural tube pattern observed across species. In this review we offer an overview of the molecular and cellular processes governing the formation and patterning of the neural tube, highlighting how the remarkable complexity and precision of vertebrate nervous system arises. We argue that a multidisciplinary and multiscale understanding of the neural tube development, paired with the study of species-specific strategies, will be crucial to tackle the open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Briscoe
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
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Gao L, Pan X, Zhang JH, Xia Y. Glial cells: an important switch for the vascular function of the central nervous system. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1166770. [PMID: 37206667 PMCID: PMC10188976 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1166770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we first describe the current understanding of glial-mediated vascular function affecting the role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. BBB, mainly composed of glial and endothelial cells (ECs), is the protective structure that orchestrates the transport of substances, including ions, molecules, and cells from brain vessels into or out of the CNS. Then, we display the multiple communication between glial and vascular function based on angiogenesis, vascular wrapping, and blood perfusion in the brain. Glial can support microvascular ECs to form a blood network connecting to neurons. Astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes are the common types of glial surrounding the brain vessel. Glial-vessel interaction is required for the permeability and integrity of BBB. Glial cells surrounding the cerebral blood vessels can transmit communication signals to ECs and regulate the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or Wnt-dependent endothelial angiogenesis mechanism. In addition, these glial cells monitor the blood flow in the brain via Ca2+/K+-dependent pathways. Finally, we provide a potential research direction for the glial-vessel axis in CNS disorders. Microglial activation can trigger astrocyte activation, which suggests that microglia-astrocyte interaction may play a key role in monitoring cerebral blood flow. Thus, microglia-astrocyte interaction can be the key point of follow-up studies focusing on the microglia-blood mechanism. More investigations focus on the mechanism of how oligodendrocyte progenitor cells communicate and interact with ECs. The direct role of oligodendrocytes in modulating vascular function needs to be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Xuezhen Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
| | - John H. Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
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Maitre M, Jeltsch-David H, Okechukwu NG, Klein C, Patte-Mensah C, Mensah-Nyagan AG. Myelin in Alzheimer's disease: culprit or bystander? Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:56. [PMID: 37004127 PMCID: PMC10067200 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with neuronal and synaptic losses due to the accumulation of toxic amyloid β (Αβ) peptide oligomers, plaques, and tangles containing tau (tubulin-associated unit) protein. While familial AD is caused by specific mutations, the sporadic disease is more common and appears to result from a complex chronic brain neuroinflammation with mitochondriopathies, inducing free radicals' accumulation. In aged brain, mutations in DNA and several unfolded proteins participate in a chronic amyloidosis response with a toxic effect on myelin sheath and axons, leading to cognitive deficits and dementia. Αβ peptides are the most frequent form of toxic amyloid oligomers. Accumulations of misfolded proteins during several years alters different metabolic mechanisms, induce chronic inflammatory and immune responses with toxic consequences on neuronal cells. Myelin composition and architecture may appear to be an early target for the toxic activity of Aβ peptides and others hydrophobic misfolded proteins. In this work, we describe the possible role of early myelin alterations in the genesis of neuronal alterations and the onset of symptomatology. We propose that some pathophysiological and clinical forms of the disease may arise from structural and metabolic disorders in the processes of myelination/demyelination of brain regions where the accumulation of non-functional toxic proteins is important. In these forms, the primacy of the deleterious role of amyloid peptides would be a matter of questioning and the initiating role of neuropathology would be primarily the fact of dysmyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Maitre
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France.
| | - Hélène Jeltsch-David
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Biotechnologie et signalisation cellulaire, UMR 7242 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant CS 10413, Illkirch cedex, 67412, France
| | - Nwife Getrude Okechukwu
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christian Klein
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christine Patte-Mensah
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ayikoe-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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Choi JY, Jin X, Kim H, Koh S, Cho HJ, Kim BG. High Mobility Group Box 1 as an Autocrine Chemoattractant for Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells in White Matter Stroke. Stroke 2023; 54:575-586. [PMID: 36490365 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.041414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The migration of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) is a key process of remyelination, which is essential for the treatment of white matter stroke. This study aimed to investigate the role of HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1), a damage-associated molecular pattern released from dying oligodendrocytes, as an autocrine chemoattractant that promotes OPC migration. METHODS The migratory capacity of primary cultured OPCs was measured using the Boyden chamber assay. The downstream pathway of HMGB1-mediated OPC migration was specified by siRNA-induced knockdown or pharmacological blockade of TLR2 (toll-like receptor 2), RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end product), Src, ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2), and FAK (focal adhesion kinase). Conditioned media were collected from oxygen-glucose deprivation-treated oligodendrocytes, and the impact on OPC migration was assessed. Lesion size and number of intralesional Olig2(+) cells were analyzed in an in vivo model of white matter stroke with N5-(1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine (L-NIO). RESULTS HMGB1 treatment promoted OPC migration. HMGB1 antagonism reversed such effects to untreated levels. Among the candidates for the downstream signal of HMGB1-mediated migration, the knockdown of TLR2 rather than that of RAGE attenuated the migration-promoting effect of HMGB1. Further specification of the HMGB1-TLR2 axis revealed that the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and its downstream molecule FAK, rather than of Src, was decreased in TLR2-knockdown OPCs, and pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 and FAK led to decreased OPC migration. Oxygen-glucose deprivation-conditioned media promoted OPC migration, suggesting the autocrine chemoattractant function of HMGB1. In vivo, TLR2(-/-)-mice showed lesser intralesional Olig2(+) cells compared to wild-type controls in response to L-NIO induced ischemic injury regardless of HMGB1 administration. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1, through the TLR2-ERK1/2-FAK axis, functions as an autocrine chemoattractant to promote OPC migration, which is an initial and indispensable step in remyelination. Thus, a novel treatment strategy for white matter stroke based on the HMGB1-TLR2 axis in the oligodendrocyte lineage could be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Choi
- Department of Brain science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., X.J., H.K., S.K., H.J.C., B.G.K.).,Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., S.K., B.G.K.)
| | - Xuelian Jin
- Department of Brain science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., X.J., H.K., S.K., H.J.C., B.G.K.).,Neuroscience graduate program, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (X.J., H.K., S.K.).,Department of Nephrology, Suqian First Hospital, Jiangsu, China (X.J.)
| | - Hanki Kim
- Department of Brain science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., X.J., H.K., S.K., H.J.C., B.G.K.).,Neuroscience graduate program, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (X.J., H.K., S.K.)
| | - Seungyon Koh
- Department of Brain science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., X.J., H.K., S.K., H.J.C., B.G.K.).,Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., S.K., B.G.K.).,Neuroscience graduate program, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (X.J., H.K., S.K.)
| | - Hyo Jin Cho
- Department of Brain science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., X.J., H.K., S.K., H.J.C., B.G.K.)
| | - Byung Gon Kim
- Department of Brain science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., X.J., H.K., S.K., H.J.C., B.G.K.).,Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea (J.Y.C., S.K., B.G.K.)
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Su Y, Wang X, Yang Y, Chen L, Xia W, Hoi KK, Li H, Wang Q, Yu G, Chen X, Wang S, Wang Y, Xiao L, Verkhratsky A, Fancy SPJ, Yi C, Niu J. Astrocyte endfoot formation controls the termination of oligodendrocyte precursor cell perivascular migration during development. Neuron 2023; 111:190-201.e8. [PMID: 36384142 PMCID: PMC9922530 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) undergo an extensive and coordinated migration in the developing CNS, using the pre-formed scaffold of developed blood vessels as their physical substrate for migration. While OPC association with vasculature is critical for dispersal, equally important for permitting differentiation and proper myelination of target axons is their appropriate and timely detachment, but regulation of this process remains unclear. Here we demonstrate a correlation between the developmental formation of astrocytic endfeet on vessels and the termination of OPC perivascular migration. Ex vivo and in vivo live imaging shows that astrocyte endfeet physically displace OPCs from vasculature, and genetic abrogation of endfoot formation hinders both OPC detachment from vessels and subsequent differentiation. Astrocyte-derived semaphorins 3a and 6a act to repel OPCs from blood vessels at the cessation of their perivascular migration and, in so doing, permit subsequent OPC differentiation by insulating them from a maturation inhibitory endothelial niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yujian Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Army Specialty Medical Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Army Specialty Medical Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wenlong Xia
- Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kimberly K Hoi
- Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Guangdan Yu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK; Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48011, Spain
| | - Stephen P J Fancy
- Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) Is Essential for Oligodendrocyte Precursor Development and Myelination in the Mouse Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1675-1689. [PMID: 36550333 PMCID: PMC9899191 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of various neural cells. Nevertheless, the role of ADAM10 in oligodendrocyte precursors (OPCs) and myelination in the central nervous system (CNS) of developing and adult mouse brains is still unknown. We generated ADAM10 conditional knockout (ADAM10 cKO) mice lacking the ADAM10 gene primarily in OPCs by crossing NG2-Cre mice with ADAM10 loxp/loxp mice. We found that OPCs expressed ADAM10 in the mouse corpus callosum and the hippocampus. ADAM10 cKO mice showed significant loss of back hair and reduction in weight and length on postnatal (30 ± 2.1) day, died at (65 ± 5) days after birth, and exhibited the "anxiety and depression-like" performances. Conditional knockout of ADAM10 in OPCs resulted in a prominent increase in myelination and a decrease in the number of OPCs in the corpus callosum at P30 owing to premyelination and lack of proliferation of OPCs. Moreover, the number of proliferating OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) also decreased with age in the corpus callosum of ADAM10 cKO mice from P30 to P60. Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that the activation of Notch-1 and its four target genes, Hes1, Hes5, Hey1, and Hey2, was inhibited in the corpus callosum tissue of ADAM10 knockout mice. In our study, we provided experimental evidence to demonstrate that ADAM10 is essential for modulating CNS myelination and OPC development by activating Notch-1 signaling in the developing and adult mouse brain.
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Yang R, Pan J, Wang Y, Xia P, Tai M, Jiang Z, Chen G. Application and prospects of somatic cell reprogramming technology for spinal cord injury treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1005399. [PMID: 36467604 PMCID: PMC9712200 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1005399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological trauma that is challenging to treat. After SCI, many neurons in the injured area die due to necrosis or apoptosis, and astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and other non-neuronal cells become dysfunctional, hindering the repair of the injured spinal cord. Corrective surgery and biological, physical and pharmacological therapies are commonly used treatment modalities for SCI; however, no current therapeutic strategies can achieve complete recovery. Somatic cell reprogramming is a promising technology that has gradually become a feasible therapeutic approach for repairing the injured spinal cord. This revolutionary technology can reprogram fibroblasts, astrocytes, NG2 cells and neural progenitor cells into neurons or oligodendrocytes for spinal cord repair. In this review, we provide an overview of the transcription factors, genes, microRNAs (miRNAs), small molecules and combinations of these factors that can mediate somatic cell reprogramming to repair the injured spinal cord. Although many challenges and questions related to this technique remain, we believe that the beneficial effect of somatic cell reprogramming provides new ideas for achieving functional recovery after SCI and a direction for the development of treatments for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyun Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingying Pan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yankai Wang
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Panhui Xia
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mingliang Tai
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhihao Jiang
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Barber HM, Ali MF, Kucenas S. Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:803057. [PMID: 35069117 PMCID: PMC8766310 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.803057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiling is a developmental process where cell populations become evenly distributed throughout a tissue. In this review, we discuss the developmental cellular tiling behaviors of the two major glial populations in the central nervous system (CNS)—oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and astrocytes. First, we discuss OPC tiling in the spinal cord, which is comprised of the three cellular behaviors of migration, proliferation, and contact-mediated repulsion (CMR). These cellular behaviors occur simultaneously during OPC development and converge to produce the emergent behavior of tiling which results in OPCs being evenly dispersed and occupying non-overlapping domains throughout the CNS. We next discuss astrocyte tiling in the cortex and hippocampus, where astrocytes migrate, proliferate, then ultimately determine their exclusive domains by gradual removal of overlap rather than sustained CMR. This results in domains that slightly overlap, allowing for both exclusive control of “synaptic islands” and astrocyte-astrocyte communication. We finally discuss the similarities and differences in the tiling behaviors of these glial populations and what remains unknown regarding glial tiling and how perturbations to this process may impact injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M. Barber
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cell & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Maria F. Ali
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sarah Kucenas
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cell & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Sarah Kucenas
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