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Cheng JYK, Hui JWS, Chan WS, So MH, Hong YH, Leung WT, Ku KW, Yeung HS, Lo KM, Fung KM, Ip CY, Dao KL, Cheung BKK. Interpol review of toxicology 2019-2022. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2022; 6:100303. [PMID: 36597440 PMCID: PMC9799715 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2022.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bobbie Kwok-keung Cheung
- Corresponding author. Government Laboratory, 7/F, Homantin Government Offices, 88 Chung Hau Street, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong, China. http://www.govtlab.gov.hk/
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Gavrilović I, Musenga A, Wolff K, Woffendin A, Smart A, Gong F, Harding D, Cowan D. Stability of drugs of abuse in synthetic oral fluid investigated using a simple "dilute and inject" method of analysis. Drug Test Anal 2022; 14:1482-1490. [PMID: 35514245 PMCID: PMC9543709 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Human oral fluid is well established as a matrix for drug screening, particularly in the workplace. The need to synthesise synthetic oral fluid (SOF) has been recognised in order to overcome human oral fluid's composition variability. We have used SOF spiked with six common drugs of abuse or their primary metabolites: morphine, amfetamine, benzoylecgonine, cocaine, diazepam, and (−)‐Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in order to assess the suitability of this matrix for quality assurance purposes. For confirmation of a drug screening test, controls and spiked standards are normally required. All our analytes were detected by LC–MS/MS using a quick and easy “dilute and inject” sample preparation approach as opposed to relatively slower solid‐phase extraction. The limit of detection (LOD) was 10 ng/ml for diazepam and THC and 5 ng/ml for morphine, amfetamine, benzoylecgonine and cocaine. Validation results showed good accuracy as well as inter‐ and intra‐assay precision (CV [%] < 5). Our work highlighted the importance of adding Tween® 20 to the SOF and calibrants to reduce losses when handling THC. Furthermore, drug stability was tested at various temperatures (5°C, 20°C and 40°C), for a number of days or after freeze–thaw cycles. Recommendations regarding storage are provided, the spiked SOF being stable at 5°C for up to 1 week without significant drug concentration loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Gavrilović
- Drug Control Centre, King's Forensics, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Musenga
- Drug Control Centre, King's Forensics, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK.,Laboratoire Suisse d'Analyse du Dopage, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Kim Wolff
- Drug Control Centre, King's Forensics, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK.,Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK
| | - Alison Woffendin
- Drug Control Centre, King's Forensics, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK
| | - Andrew Smart
- Drug Control Centre, King's Forensics, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK
| | - Fan Gong
- Home Office, Centre for Applied Science and Technology (CAST), London, UK
| | - Duncan Harding
- Home Office, Centre for Applied Science and Technology (CAST), London, UK
| | - David Cowan
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, UK
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