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Yang M, Tang Y, Zhu P, Lu H, Wan X, Guo Q, Xiao L, Liu C, Guo L, Liu W, Yang Y. The advances of E2A-PBX1 fusion in B-cell acute lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05595-7. [PMID: 38148344 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The E2A-PBX1 gene fusion is a common translocation in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Patients harbouring the E2A-PBX1 fusion gene typically exhibit an intermediate prognosis. Furthermore, minimal residual disease has unsatisfactory prognostic value in E2A-PBX1 B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. However, the mechanism of E2A-PBX1 in the occurrence and progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is not well understood. Here, we mainly review the roles of E2A and PBX1 in the differentiation and development of B lymphocytes, the mechanism of E2A-PBX1 gene fusion in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and the potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanhui Tang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Lu
- The Second Hospital, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Wan
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - You Yang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- The Second Hospital, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Abdelrahman AMN, Tolba FM, Kamal HM, Abdellateif MS, Ahmed HA, Hassan NM. Evaluation of the HOXA9 and MEIS1 genes as a potential biomarker in adult acute myeloid leukemia. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-023-00391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disorder encompassing a set of hematopoietic tumors that develop when the myeloid precursor cells undergo disproportionate clonal proliferation. Homeobox A 9 (HOXA9) is a pioneer transcription factor in AML pathogenesis along with its cofactor myeloid ecotropic integration site 1 (MEIS1). Our work aimed to evaluate the different expression levels of HOXA9 and MEIS1 genes and their diagnostic and prognostic significance in adult Egyptian patients with de novo AML. The study was carried out on 91 de novo AML Egyptian patients and 41 healthy individuals. Bone marrow samples were obtained from both patients and controls and then tested by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assess the mRNA expression in the studied genes.
Results
HOXA9 and MEIS1 gene expression levels were significantly elevated in AML patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between HOXA9 and MEIS1 gene expression in AML patients. However, there was no association between HOXA9 and MEIS1 gene expression levels and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.264 and 0.351, respectively).
Conclusion
HOXA9 and MEIS1 genes are highly expressed in Egyptian AML patients, suggesting their interesting pathogenic role in AML. They could be used as markers for the diagnosis of AML, but not for the disease prognosis.
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Zhou B, Chu X, Tian H, Liu T, Liu H, Gao W, Chen S, Hu S, Wu D, Xu Y. The clinical outcomes and genomic landscapes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with E2A-PBX1: A 10-year retrospective study. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1461-1471. [PMID: 34406703 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The clinical outcomes and genomic features of E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients remain unclear. A total of 137 patients carrying E2A-PBX1 among 3164 B-ALL patients between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of the whole cohort were 68.6% and 61.0%, respectively. Age [DFS, p = 0.037; cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), p = 0.005] and the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) after induction chemotherapy (OS, p = 0.020; DFS, p = 0.002; CIR, p = 0.006) were independent risk factors. In adolescents/adults, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) at first complete remission (CR1) significantly improved the 5-year prognosis (OS, p < 0.001; DFS, p < 0.001; CIR, p < 0.001). Haploidentical HSCT decreased the CIR compared with human leukocyte antigen-matched HSCT in adolescents/adults (p = 0.017). Mutations in PBX1, PAX5, CTCF and SETD2, amplification of AKT3, and deletion of CDKN2A/B were common in the total cohort, while transcriptome differences were found in the cell cycle, nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling pathway and transcriptional regulation by TP53 between adolescents/adults and children. Patients with multiple subclones at diagnosis tended to have unfavorable 3-year prognoses (DFS, p = 0.010; CIR, p = 0.021). Leukemia clones with DNA repair gene mutations showed aggressive and treatment-refractory phenotypes in this subtype of ALL. Our study indicated that age, the level of MRD and DNA repair gene mutations were associated with E2A-PBX1-positive B-ALL outcomes. Allo-HSCT, especially haploidentical HSCT, could improve the prognosis of adolescent/adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqi Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinran Chu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Tian
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianhui Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Cervantes-Ayalc A, Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R, Velázquez-Flores MÁ. Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements 1 (LINE1): The chimeric transcript L1-MET and its involvement in cancer. Cancer Genet 2020; 241:1-11. [PMID: 31918342 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Long interspersed nuclear elements 1 (LINE1) are non-LTR retrotransposons that represent the greatest remodeling force of the human genome during evolution. Genomically, LINE1 are constituted by a 5´ untranslated region (UTR), where the promoter regions are located, three open reading frames (ORF0, ORF1, and ORF2) and one 3´UTR, which has a poly(A) tail that harbors the short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) Alu and SVA. Although the intrinsic nature of LINE1 is to be copied and inserted into the genome, an increase in their mobility produces genomic instability. In response to this, the cell has "designed" many mechanisms controlling the retrotransposition levels of LINE1; however, alterations in these regulation systems can increase LINE1 mobility and the formation of chimeric genes. Evidence indicates that 988 human genes have LINE1 inserted in their sequence, resulting in the transcriptional control of genes by their own promoters, as well as by the LINE1 antisense promoter (ASP). To date, very little is known about the biologic impact of this and the L1-MET chimera is a more or less studied case. ASP hypomethylation has been observed in all studied cancer types, leading to increased L1-MET expression. In specific types of cancer, this L1-MET increase controls both low and high MET protein levels. It remains to be clarified if this protein product is a chimeric protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cervantes-Ayalc
- Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México.
| | - Ruth Ruiz Esparza-Garrido
- Catedrática CONACyT, Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México; Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México.
| | - Miguel Ángel Velázquez-Flores
- Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México; Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico.
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5
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Lin CH, Wang Z, Duque-Afonso J, Wong SHK, Demeter J, Loktev AV, Somervaille TCP, Jackson PK, Cleary ML. Oligomeric self-association contributes to E2A-PBX1-mediated oncogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4915. [PMID: 30894657 PMCID: PMC6426973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41393-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The PBX1 homeodomain transcription factor is converted by t(1;19) chromosomal translocations in acute leukemia into the chimeric E2A-PBX1 oncoprotein. Fusion with E2A confers potent transcriptional activation and constitutive nuclear localization, bypassing the need for dimerization with protein partners that normally stabilize and regulate import of PBX1 into the nucleus, but the mechanisms underlying its oncogenic activation are incompletely defined. We demonstrate here that E2A-PBX1 self-associates through the PBX1 PBC-B domain of the chimeric protein to form higher-order oligomers in t(1;19) human leukemia cells, and that this property is required for oncogenic activity. Structural and functional studies indicate that self-association facilitates the binding of E2A-PBX1 to DNA. Mutants unable to self-associate are transformation defective, however their oncogenic activity is rescued by the synthetic oligomerization domain of FKBP, which confers conditional transformation properties on E2A-PBX1. In contrast to self-association, PBX1 protein domains that mediate interactions with HOX DNA-binding partners are dispensable. These studies suggest that oligomeric self-association may compensate for the inability of monomeric E2A-PBX1 to stably bind DNA and circumvents protein interactions that otherwise modulate PBX1 stability, nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transcriptional activity. The unique dependence on self-association for E2A-PBX1 oncogenic activity suggests potential approaches for mechanism-based targeted therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/chemistry
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19/chemistry
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1/genetics
- Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Multimerization
- Protein Stability
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/genetics
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiou-Hong Lin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jesús Duque-Afonso
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephen Hon-Kit Wong
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Janos Demeter
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alexander V Loktev
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tim C P Somervaille
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Leukaemia Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Peter K Jackson
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Michael L Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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6
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Malouf C, Ottersbach K. Molecular processes involved in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:417-446. [PMID: 28819864 PMCID: PMC5765206 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
B cell leukaemia is one of the most frequent malignancies in the paediatric population, but also affects a significant proportion of adults in developed countries. The majority of infant and paediatric cases initiate the process of leukaemogenesis during foetal development (in utero) through the formation of a chromosomal translocation or the acquisition/deletion of genetic material (hyperdiploidy or hypodiploidy, respectively). This first genetic insult is the major determinant for the prognosis and therapeutic outcome of patients. B cell leukaemia in adults displays similar molecular features as its paediatric counterpart. However, since this disease is highly represented in the infant and paediatric population, this review will focus on this demographic group and summarise the biological, clinical and epidemiological knowledge on B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of four well characterised subtypes: t(4;11) MLL-AF4, t(12;21) ETV6-RUNX1, t(1;19) E2A-PBX1 and t(9;22) BCR-ABL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Malouf
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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7
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Shestakova EA, Boutin M, Bourassa S, Bonneil E, Bijl JJ. Identification of proteins associated with transcription factors HOXA9 and E2A-PBX1 by tandem affinity purification. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s002689331703013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Gao L, Sun J, Liu F, Zhang H, Ma Y. Higher expression levels of the HOXA9 gene, closely associated with MLL-PTD and EZH2 mutations, predict inferior outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:711-22. [PMID: 26929642 PMCID: PMC4755436 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s95279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the biological insight of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has increased in the past few years, the discovery of novel discriminative biomarkers remains of utmost value for improving outcome predictions. Systematical studies concerning the clinical implications and genetic correlations of HOXA9 aberrations in patients with AML are relatively promising. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we investigated mutational status and the mRNA levels of the HOXA9 gene in 258 patients with AML. Furthermore, hematological characteristics, chromosome abnormalities, and genetic mutations associated with AML were analyzed, followed by the assessment of clinical survival. Besides, the expression level and mutational status of MEIS1, a cofactor of HOXA9, were also detected in patients with AML with the aim of a deeper understanding about the homeodomain-containing transcription factors associated with hematological characteristics. RESULTS HOXA9 and MEIS1 mutations were detected in 4.26% and 3.49% AML cases, respectively. No correlations were detected between mutation status and clinical characteristics, cytogenetic and genetic aberrations, and clinical survival. Higher HOXA9 expression levels were correlated with white blood cell count and closely associated with unfavorable karyotype as well as MLL-PTD and EZH2 mutations, whereas, there was an inverse correlation with the French-American-British M3 subtype. Compared with patients with lower HOXA9 expression levels, those with higher HOXA9 expression levels had a lower complete remission rate and inferior survivals in both AML and cytogenetically normal AML. CONCLUSION HOXA9 expression may serve as a promising biomarker to ameliorate a prognostic model for predicting clinical outcome and consummating individualized treatment in patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhong Sun
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yigai Ma
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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9
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Role of HOXA9 in leukemia: dysregulation, cofactors and essential targets. Oncogene 2015; 35:1090-8. [PMID: 26028034 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
HOXA9 is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that has an important role in hematopoietic stem cell expansion and is commonly deregulated in acute leukemias. A variety of upstream genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia lead to overexpression of HOXA9, which is a strong predictor of poor prognosis. In many cases, HOXA9 has been shown to be necessary for maintaining leukemic transformation; however, the molecular mechanisms through which it promotes leukemogenesis remain elusive. Recent work has established that HOXA9 regulates downstream gene expression through binding at promoter distal enhancers along with a subset of cell-specific cofactor and collaborator proteins. Increasing efforts are being made to identify both the critical cofactors and target genes required for maintaining transformation in HOXA9-overexpressing leukemias. With continued advances in understanding HOXA9-mediated transformation, there is a wealth of opportunity for developing novel therapeutics that would be applicable for greater than 50% of AML with overexpression of HOXA9.
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10
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Fournier M, Savoie-Rondeau I, Larochelle F, Hassawi M, Shestakova EA, Roy DC, Bijl JJ. Inability of HOXB4 to enhance self-renewal of malignant B cells: favorable profile for the expansion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:526-35.e4. [PMID: 24503485 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells share self-renewal properties and slow proliferation with hematopoietic stem cells. Based on expression signatures, it has been suggested that these cells use the same molecular pathways for these processes. However, it is not clear whether leukemic stem cells also respond to factors known to enhance the self-renewal activity of hematopoietic stem cells. The transcription factor homeobox B4 (HOXB4) is known to induce expansion of mouse hematopoietic stem cells. The recombinant TAT-HOXB4 protein also expands human CD34+ cells. In this study we investigated whether overexpression of HOXB4 could increase leukemic initiating cell numbers, an issue that is crucial to its clinical usage. A transgenic mouse model for E2A-PBX1 induced pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia was used in combination with HOXB4 transgenic mice to test oncogenic interactions between HOXB4 and E2A-PBX1. The frequency of leukemic initiating cells retrovirally overexpressing HOXB4 was measured by transplantation at limiting dilution and evaluation of leukemia development in recipient mice. Moreover, human B cell lines were evaluated for their colony forming cell potential upon exposure to TAT-HOXB4 protein. Our data with the mouse models show that HOXB4 neither accelerates the generation of E2A-PBX1 B cell leukemia nor expands the number of leukemia initiating cells. Additionally, the growth or colony forming cell proportions of human B cell lines was not changed by HOXB4, suggesting that human B leukemic initiating cells are not affected by HOXB4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilaine Fournier
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Fannie Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mona Hassawi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena A Shestakova
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Claude Roy
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada; Départment de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Janetta J Bijl
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada; Départment de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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