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Yang R, Liu S, Liang X, Yin N, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Faiola F. TBBPA, TBBPS, and TCBPA disrupt hESC hepatic differentiation and promote the proliferation of differentiated cells partly via up-regulation of the FGF10 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123341. [PMID: 32653787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), including Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), Tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS), and Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), are widely applied in the manufacturing industry to improve fire safety and can be detected in pregnant women's serum at nanomolar levels. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to the three HFR potential development toxicity, which has not been conclusively addressed yet. The liver is the main organ that detoxifies our body; TBBPA exposure may lead to increased liver weight in rodents. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the developmental hepatic toxicity of the three HFRs with a human embryonic stem cell hepatic differentiation-based system and transcriptomics analyses. We mostly evaluated lineage fate alterations and demonstrated the three HFRs may have common disruptive effects on hepatic differentiation, with TCBPA being significantly more potent. More specifically, the three HFRs up-regulated genes related to cell cycle and FGF10 signaling, at late stages of the hepatic differentiation. This indicates the three chemicals promoted hepatoblast proliferation likely via up-regulating the FGF10 cascade. At the same time, we also presented a powerful way to combine in vitro differentiation and in silico transcriptomic analyses, to efficiently evaluate hazardous materials' adverse effects on lineage fate decisions during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Xiaoxing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Galli LM, Zebarjadi N, Li L, Lingappa VR, Burrus LW. Divergent effects of Porcupine and Wntless on WNT1 trafficking, secretion, and signaling. Exp Cell Res 2016; 347:171-183. [PMID: 27492485 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function studies have identified Porcupine (PORCN) and Wntless (WLS) as essential mediators of Wnt secretion and signaling. Whereas PORCN is thought to palmitoylate Wnt proteins, WLS is believed to transport palmitoylated Wnt proteins to the cell surface. However, little is known about how these two proteins cooperate to regulate Wnt palmitoylation, trafficking, secretion, and signaling. We first investigated possible interactions between PORCN, WLS, and WNT1, by carrying out co-immunoprecipitation studies. These studies demonstrate the existence of a complex containing PORCN and WLS. They further show that PORCN and WLS compete for binding to WNT1. Then, we used gain-of-function studies to investigate the cooperation between PORCN and WLS as well as possible biochemical interactions between PORCN, WLS, and WNT1. Consistent with the proposed roles for PORCN and WLS, we show that overexpression of PORCN promotes palmitoylation of WNT1 while overexpression of WLS does not. Overexpression of PORCN enhances the ability of WLS to promote WNT1 trafficking to the cell surface as well as secretion, but decreases the ability of WLS to activate WNT1 signaling in target cell. These observations suggest that the levels of WNT1 on the cell surface and in the media are not the sole determinants of the activation of Wnt signaling in target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Galli
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Navid Zebarjadi
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Lydia Li
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | | | - Laura W Burrus
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA.
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Yang K, Wang X, Zhang H, Wang Z, Nan G, Li Y, Zhang F, Mohammed MK, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Bi Y, He TC. The evolving roles of canonical WNT signaling in stem cells and tumorigenesis: implications in targeted cancer therapies. J Transl Med 2016; 96:116-36. [PMID: 26618721 PMCID: PMC4731283 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway governs a myriad of biological processes underlying the development and maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis, including regulation of stem cell self-renewal, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. WNTs are secreted lipid-modified glycoproteins that act as short-range ligands to activate receptor-mediated signaling pathways. The hallmark of the canonical pathway is the activation of β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activity. Canonical WNTs control the β-catenin dynamics as the cytoplasmic level of β-catenin is tightly regulated via phosphorylation by the 'destruction complex', consisting of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), casein kinase 1α (CK1α), the scaffold protein AXIN, and the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). Aberrant regulation of this signaling cascade is associated with varieties of human diseases, especially cancers. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of canonical WNT signaling. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of WNT signaling at the extracellular, cytoplasmic membrane, and intracellular/nuclear levels, including the emerging knowledge of cross-talk with other pathways. Recent progresses in developing novel WNT pathway-targeted therapies will also be reviewed. Thus, this review is intended to serve as a refresher of the current understanding about the physiologic and pathogenic roles of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, and to outline potential therapeutic opportunities by targeting the canonical WNT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Guoxin Nan
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yasha Li
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maryam K. Mohammed
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yang Bi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Corresponding authors T.-C. He, MD, PhD, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Tel. (773) 702-7169; Fax (773) 834-4598, , Yang Bi, MD, PhD, Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400046, China, Tel. 011-86-23-63633113; Fax: 011-86-236362690,
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, Corresponding authors T.-C. He, MD, PhD, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Tel. (773) 702-7169; Fax (773) 834-4598, , Yang Bi, MD, PhD, Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400046, China, Tel. 011-86-23-63633113; Fax: 011-86-236362690,
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Scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) and suprabasin (SBSN) are hub genes of coexpression network modules associated with peripheral vein graft patency. J Vasc Surg 2015; 64:202-209.e6. [PMID: 25935274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 30% of autogenous vein grafts develop luminal narrowing and fail because of intimal hyperplasia or negative remodeling. We previously found that vein graft cells from patients who later develop stenosis proliferate more in vitro in response to growth factors than cells from patients who maintain patent grafts. To discover novel determinants of vein graft outcome, we have analyzed gene expression profiles of these cells using a systems biology approach to cluster the genes into modules by their coexpression patterns and to correlate the results with growth data from our prior study and with new studies of migration and matrix remodeling. METHODS RNA from 4-hour serum- or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated human saphenous vein cells obtained from the outer vein wall (20 cell lines) was used for microarray analysis of gene expression, followed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Cell migration in microchemotaxis chambers in response to PDGF-BB and cell-mediated collagen gel contraction in response to serum were also determined. Gene function was determined using short-interfering RNA to inhibit gene expression before subjecting cells to growth or collagen gel contraction assays. These cells were derived from samples of the vein grafts obtained at surgery, and the long-term fate of these bypass grafts was known. RESULTS Neither migration nor cell-mediated collagen gel contraction showed a correlation with graft outcome. Although 1188 and 1340 genes were differentially expressed in response to treatment with serum and PDGF, respectively, no single gene was differentially expressed in cells isolated from patients whose grafts stenosed compared with those that remained patent. Network analysis revealed four unique groups of genes, which we term modules, associated with PDGF responses, and 20 unique modules associated with serum responses. The "yellow" and "skyblue" modules, from PDGF and serum analyses, respectively, correlated with later graft stenosis (P = .005 and P = .02, respectively). In response to PDGF, yellow was also associated with increased cell growth. For serum, skyblue was also associated with inhibition of collagen gel contraction. The hub genes for yellow and skyblue (ie, the gene most connected to other genes in the module), scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) and suprabasin (SBSN), respectively, were tested for effects on proliferation and collagen contraction. Knockdown of SCARA5 increased proliferation by 29.9% ± 7.8% (P < .01), whereas knockdown of SBSN had no effect. Knockdown of SBSN increased collagen gel contraction by 24.2% ± 8.6% (P < .05), whereas knockdown of SCARA5 had no effect. CONCLUSIONS Using weighted gene coexpression network analysis of cultured vein graft cell gene expression, we have discovered two small gene modules, which comprise 42 genes, that are associated with vein graft failure. Further experiments are needed to delineate the venous cells that express these genes in vivo and the roles these genes play in vein graft healing, starting with the module hub genes SCARA5 and SBSN, which have been shown to have modest effects on cell proliferation or collagen gel contraction.
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