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Chen Y, Li S, Guo F. Tsc22d3 promotes morphine tolerance in mice through the GPX4 ferroptosis pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:9859-9875. [PMID: 38843390 PMCID: PMC11210220 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphine tolerance refers to gradual reduction in response to drug with continuous or repeated use of morphine, requiring higher doses to achieve same effect. METHODS The morphine tolerance dataset GSE7762 profiles, obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was applied to explore core modules of DEGs related to morphine tolerance. Core genes were input into Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Animal experiments were performed to validate role of Tsc22d3 in morphine tolerance and its relationship with ferroptosis-related pathway. RESULTS 500 DEGs were identified. DEGs were primarily enriched in negative regulation of brain development, neuronal apoptosis processes, and neurosystem development. Core gene was identified as Tsc22d3. Tsc22d3 gene-associated miRNAs were mmu-miR-196b-5p and mmu-miR-196a-5p. Compared to Non-morphine tolerant group, Tsc22d3 expression was significantly upregulated in Morphine tolerant group. Tsc22d3 expression was upregulated in Morphine tolerant+Tsc22d3_OE, expression of HIF-1alpha, GSH, GPX4 in GPX4 ferroptosis-related pathway showed a more pronounced decrease. As Tsc22d3 expression was downregulated in Morphine tolerant+Tsc22d3_KO, expression of HIF-1alpha, GSH, GPX4 in GPX4 ferroptosis-related pathway exhibited a more pronounced increase. Upregulation of Tsc22d3 in Morphine tolerant+Tsc22d3_OE led to a more pronounced increase in expression of apoptosis proteins (P53, Caspase-3, Bax, SMAC, FAS). The expression of inflammatory factors (IL6, TNF-alpha, CXCL1, CXCL2) showed a more pronounced increase with upregulated Tsc22d3 expression in Morphine tolerant+Tsc22d3_OE. CONCLUSIONS Tsc22d3 is highly expressed in brain tissue of morphine-tolerant mice, activating ferroptosis pathway, enhancing apoptosis, promoting inflammatory responses in brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050071, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Fenghui Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
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Mueller ML, McNabb BR, Owen JR, Hennig SL, Ledesma AV, Angove ML, Conley AJ, Ross PJ, Van Eenennaam AL. Germline ablation achieved via CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of NANOS3 in bovine zygotes. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1321243. [PMID: 38089499 PMCID: PMC10711618 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1321243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
NANOS3 is expressed in migrating primordial germ cells (PGCs) to protect them from apoptosis, and it is known to be a critical factor for germline development of both sexes in several organisms. However, to date, live NANOS3 knockout (KO) cattle have not been reported, and the specific role of NANOS3 in male cattle, or bulls, remains unexplored. This study generated NANOS3 KO cattle via cytoplasmic microinjection of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in vitro produced bovine zygotes and evaluated the effect of NANOS3 elimination on bovine germline development, from fetal development through reproductive age. The co-injection of two selected guide RNA (gRNA)/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes (i.e., dual gRNA approach) at 6 h post fertilization achieved a high NANOS3 KO rate in developing embryos. Subsequent embryo transfers resulted in a 31% (n = 8/26) pregnancy rate. A 75% (n = 6/8) total KO rate (i.e., 100% of alleles present contained complete loss-of-function mutations) was achieved with the dual gRNA editing approach. In NANOS3 KO fetal testes, PGCs were found to be completely eliminated by 41-day of fetal age. Importantly, despite the absence of germ cells, seminiferous tubule development was not impaired in NANOS3 KO bovine testes during fetal, perinatal, and adult stages. Moreover, a live, NANOS3 KO, germline-ablated bull was produced and at sexual maturity he exhibited normal libido, an anatomically normal reproductive tract, and intact somatic gonadal development and structure. Additionally, a live, NANOS3 KO, germline-ablated heifer was produced. However, it was evident that the absence of germ cells in NANOS3 KO cattle compromised the normalcy of ovarian development to a greater extent than it did testes development. The meat composition of NANOS3 KO cattle was unremarkable. Overall, this study demonstrated that the absence of NANOS3 in cattle leads to the specific deficiency of both male and female germ cells, suggesting the potential of NANOS3 KO cattle to act as hosts for donor-derived exogenous germ cell production in both sexes. These findings contribute to the understanding of NANOS3 function in cattle and have valuable implications for the development of novel breeding technologies using germline complementation in NANOS3 KO germline-ablated hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maci L. Mueller
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bret R. McNabb
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Joseph R. Owen
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sadie L. Hennig
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alba V. Ledesma
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mitchell L. Angove
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alan J. Conley
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Pablo J. Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Oback B, Cossey DA. Chimaeras, complementation, and controlling the male germline. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:1237-1247. [PMID: 37173191 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Animal breeding drives genetic progress mainly through the male germline. This process is slow to respond to rapidly mounting environmental pressures that threaten sustainable food security from animal protein production. New approaches promise to accelerate breeding by producing chimaeras, which comprise sterile host and fertile donor genotypes, to exclusively transmit elite male germlines. Following gene editing to generate sterile host cells, the missing germline can be restored by transplanting either: (i) spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) into the testis; or (ii) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into early embryos. Here we compare these alternative germline complementation strategies and their impact on agribiotechnology and species conservation. We propose a novel breeding platform that integrates embryo-based complementation with genomic selection, multiplication, and gene modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Oback
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand; School of Sciences, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Daniel A Cossey
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand; School of Sciences, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Wanta A, Noguchi K, Sugawara T, Sonoda K, Duangchit S, Wakayama T. Expression of Protein Markers in Spermatogenic and Supporting Sertoli Cells Affected by High Abdominal Temperature in Cryptorchidism Model Mice. J Histochem Cytochem 2023; 71:387-408. [PMID: 37431084 PMCID: PMC10363907 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231185626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptorchidism is a congenital abnormality resulting in increased rates of infertility and testicular cancer. We used cryptorchidism model mice that presented with the translocation of the left testis from the scrotum to the abdominal cavity. Mice underwent the surgical procedure of the left testis at day 0 and were sacrificed at days 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-operatively. The weight of the left cryptorchid testis decreased significantly at days 21 and 28. The morphological changes were observed after 5 days and showed detached spermatogenic cells and abnormal formation of acrosome at day 5, multinucleated giant cells at day 7, and atrophy of seminiferous tubules at days 21 and 28. The high abdominal temperature disrupted the normal expression of cell adhesion molecule-1, Nectin-2, and Nectin-3 which are essential for spermatogenesis. In addition, the pattern and alignment of acetylated tubulin in cryptorchid testes were also changed at days 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Ultrastructure of cryptorchid testes revealed giant cells that had been formed by spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round and elongating spermatids. The study's findings reveal that cryptorchidism's duration is linked to abnormal changes in the testis, impacting protein marker expression in spermatogenic and Sertoli cells. These changes stem from the induction of high abdominal temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunothai Wanta
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Kazuhiro Noguchi
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugawara
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Sonoda
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Suthat Duangchit
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Zhang Y, Qi J, Zhao J, Li M, Zhang Y, Hu H, Wei L, Zhou K, Qin H, Qu P, Cao W, Liu E. Effect of Dietetic Obesity on Testicular Transcriptome in Cynomolgus Monkeys. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030557. [PMID: 36980830 PMCID: PMC10048326 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disorder resulting from behavioral, environmental and heritable causes, and can have a negative impact on male reproduction. There have been few experiments in mice, rats, and rabbits on the effects of obesity on reproduction, which has inhibited the development of better treatments for male subfertility caused by obesity. Nonhuman primates are most similar to human beings in anatomy, physiology, metabolism, and biochemistry and are appropriate subjects for obesity studies. In this investigation, we conducted a transcriptome analysis of the testes of cynomolgus monkeys on high-fat, high-fructose, and cholesterol-rich diets to determine the effect of obesity on gene expression in testes. The results showed that the testes of obese monkeys had abnormal morphology, and their testes transcriptome was significantly different from that of non-obese animals. We identified 507 differentially abundant genes (adjusted p value < 0.01, log2 [FC] > 2) including 163 up-regulated and 344 down-regulated genes. Among the differentially abundant genes were ten regulatory genes, including IRF1, IRF6, HERC5, HERC6, IFIH1, IFIT2, IFIT5, IFI35, RSAD2, and UBQLNL. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis was conducted, and we found that processes and pathways associated with the blood testes barrier (BTB), immunity, inflammation, and DNA methylation in gametes were preferentially enriched. We also found abnormal expression of genes related to infertility (TDRD5, CLCN2, MORC1, RFX8, SOHLH1, IL2RB, MCIDAS, ZPBP, NFIA, PTPN11, TSC22D3, MAPK6, PLCB1, DCUN1D1, LPIN1, and GATM) and down-regulation of testosterone in monkeys with dietetic obesity. This work not only provides an important reference for research and treatment on male infertility caused by obesity, but also valuable insights into the effects of diet on gene expression in testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Miaojing Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Huizhong Hu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Hongyu Qin
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Pengxiang Qu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Wenbin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710049, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Enqi Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 710061, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (E.L.)
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Azizi H, NiaziTabar A, Mohammadi A, Skutella T. Characterization of DDX4 Gene Expression in Human Cases with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia and in Sterile and Fertile Mice. J Reprod Infertil 2021; 22:85-91. [PMID: 34041004 PMCID: PMC8143011 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v22i2.5793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In mammals, spermatogenesis is the main process for male fertility that is initiated by spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) proliferation. SSCs are unipotent progenitor cells accountable for transferring the genetic information to the following generation by differentiating to haploid cells during spermato-and spermiogenesis. DEAD-box helicase 4 (DDX4) is a specific germ cell marker and its expression pattern is localized to, spermatocytes, and spermatids. The expression in the SSCs on the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules is low. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Fluidigm reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyze the expression of DDX4 in testis tissue of fertile and sterile mice and human cases with non-obstructive azoospermia. Results Our immunohistochemical findings of fertile and busulfan-treated mice showed expression of DDX4 in the basal and luminal compartment of seminiferous tubules of fertile mice whereas no expression was detected in busulfan-treated mice. The immunohistochemical analysis of two human cases with different levels of non-obstructive azoospermia revealed more luminal DDX4 positive cells. Conclusion Our findings indicate that DDX4 might be a valuable germ cell marker for analyzing the pathology of germ cell tumors and infertility as global urological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Azizi
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Amirreza NiaziTabar
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Mohammadi
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Thomas Skutella
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ghosh A, Chakrabarti R, Shukla PC. Inadvertent nucleotide sequence alterations during mutagenesis: highlighting the vulnerabilities in mouse transgenic technology. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:30. [PMID: 33570721 PMCID: PMC7877310 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the last three decades, researchers have utilized genome engineering to alter the DNA sequence in the living cells of a plethora of organisms, ranging from plants, fishes, mice, to even humans. This has been conventionally achieved by using methodologies such as single nucleotide insertion/deletion in coding sequences, exon(s) deletion, mutations in the promoter region, introducing stop codon for protein truncation, and addition of foreign DNA for functional elucidation of genes. However, recent years have witnessed the advent of novel techniques that use programmable site-specific nucleases like CRISPR/Cas9, TALENs, ZFNs, Cre/loxP system, and gene trapping. These have revolutionized the field of experimental transgenesis as well as contributed to the existing knowledge base of classical genetics and gene mapping. Yet there are certain experimental/technological barriers that we have been unable to cross while creating genetically modified organisms. Firstly, while interfering with coding strands, we inadvertently change introns, antisense strands, and other non-coding elements of the gene and genome that play integral roles in the determination of cellular phenotype. These unintended modifications become critical because introns and other non-coding elements, although traditionally regarded as “junk DNA,” have been found to play a major regulatory role in genetic pathways of several crucial cellular processes, development, homeostasis, and diseases. Secondly, post-insertion of transgene, non-coding RNAs are generated by host organism against the inserted foreign DNA or from the inserted transgene/construct against the host genes. The potential contribution of these non-coding RNAs to the resulting phenotype has not been considered. We aim to draw attention to these inherent flaws in the transgenic technology being employed to generate mutant mice and other model organisms. By overlooking these aspects of the whole gene and genetic makeup, perhaps our current understanding of gene function remains incomplete. Thus, it becomes important that, while using genetic engineering techniques to generate a mutant organism for a particular gene, we should carefully consider all the possible elements that may play a potential role in the resulting phenotype. This perspective highlights the commonly used mouse strains and the most probable associated complexities that have not been considered previously, resulting in possible limitations in the currently utilized transgenic technology. This work also warrants the use of already established mouse lines in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuran Ghosh
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Rituparna Chakrabarti
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Praphulla Chandra Shukla
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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Melatonin Protects Goat Spermatogonial Stem Cells against Oxidative Damage during Cryopreservation by Improving Antioxidant Capacity and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5954635. [PMID: 33488926 PMCID: PMC7790556 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5954635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the only adult stem cells that pass genes to the next generation and can be used in assisted reproductive technology and stem cell therapy. SSC cryopreservation is an important method for the preservation of immature male fertility. However, freezing increases the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes oxidative damage to SSCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on goat SSCs during cryopreservation and to explore its protective mechanism. We obtained SSCs from dairy goat testes by two-step enzymatic digestion and differential plating. The SSCs were cryopreserved with freezing media containing different melatonin concentrations. The results showed that 10−6 M of melatonin increased significantly the viability, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and mitochondrial membrane potential of frozen-thawed SSCs, while it reduced significantly the ROS level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P < 0.05). Further analysis was performed by western blotting, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Melatonin improved significantly the enzyme activity and protein expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (P < 0.05), thereby activating the antioxidant defense system of SSCs. Furthermore, melatonin inhibited significantly the expression of proapoptotic protein (Bax) and increased the expression of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL) (P < 0.05). The mitochondrial apoptosis pathway analysis showed that the addition of melatonin reduced significantly the mitochondrial swelling and vacuolation, and inhibited the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, thereby preventing the activation of caspase-3 (P < 0.05) and inhibiting SSC apoptosis. In addition, melatonin reduced significantly the autophagosome formation and regulated the expression of autophagy-related proteins (LC3-I, LC3-II, P62, Beclin1, and ATG7) (P < 0.05), thereby reversing the freeze-induced excessive autophagy. In summary, melatonin protected goat SSCs during cryopreservation via antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and autophagic regulation.
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The testis-specific expressed gene Spata34 is not required for fertility in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:285-292. [PMID: 31621016 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that more than two thousand genes exhibit testis-predominant expression pattern. The functions of hundreds of these genes have been explored during mouse spermatogenesis. However, there are still many genes whose relevance to reproduction in vivo remains unexplored. Our previous studies, as well as the other documented study, have indicated that Spata34, an evolutionarily conserved gene in metazoan species, was exclusively expressed in mouse testes and involved in spermatogenesis by regulating cell cycle progression. The present study aims to determine the effect of Spata34 gene knockout on mouse reproduction in vivo by generating a Spata34 gene knockout model using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology. We found that the Spata34 gene KO mice had normal fertility compared with wild type mice, and no overt detectable difference was found in testis/body weight ratios, testicular histology, sperm counts and spermatozoa motility parameters between WT and Spata34 KO mice. Our report indicated that the testis-specific-expressed gene Spata34 was not required for male mouse fertility, which will help to avoid unnecessary expenditures and effort by other researchers.
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Zhou H, Zeng Z, Koentgen F, Khan M, Mombaerts P. The testicular soma of Tsc22d3 knockout mice supports spermatogenesis and germline transmission from spermatogonial stem cell lines upon transplantation. Genesis 2019; 57:e23295. [PMID: 31001916 PMCID: PMC6617806 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are adult stem cells that are slowly cycling and self-renewing. The pool of SSCs generates very large numbers of male gametes throughout the life of the individual. SSCs can be cultured in vitro for long periods of time, and established SSC lines can be manipulated genetically. Upon transplantation into the testes of infertile mice, long-term cultured mouse SSCs can differentiate into fertile spermatozoa, which can give rise to live offspring. Here, we show that the testicular soma of mice with a conditional knockout (conKO) in the X-linked gene Tsc22d3 supports spermatogenesis and germline transmission from cultured mouse SSCs upon transplantation. Infertile males were produced by crossing homozygous Tsc22d3 floxed females with homozygous ROSA26-Cre males. We obtained 96 live offspring from six long-term cultured SSC lines with the aid of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. We advocate the further optimization of Tsc22d3-conKO males as recipients for testis transplantation of SSC lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhou
- Max Planck Research Unit for Neurogenetics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Max Planck Research Unit for Neurogenetics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Mona Khan
- Max Planck Research Unit for Neurogenetics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Mombaerts
- Max Planck Research Unit for Neurogenetics, Frankfurt, Germany
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