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Fischer NG, de Souza Araújo IJ, Daghrery A, Yu B, Dal-Fabbro R, Dos Reis-Prado AH, Silikas N, Rosa V, Aparicio C, Watts DC, Bottino MC. Guidance on biomaterials for periodontal tissue regeneration: Fabrication methods, materials and biological considerations. Dent Mater 2025:S0109-5641(24)00375-0. [PMID: 39794220 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
Regeneration of the multiple tissues and interfaces in the periodontal complex necessitates multidisciplinary evaluation to establish structure/function relationships. This article, an initiative of the Academy of Dental Materials, provides guidance for performing chemical, structural, and mechanical characterization of materials for periodontal tissue regeneration, and outlines important recommendations on methods of testing bioactivity, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties of biomaterials/scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering. First, we briefly summarize periodontal tissue engineering fabrication methods. We then highlight critical variables to consider when evaluating a material for periodontal tissue regeneration, and the fundamental tests used to investigate them. The recommended tests and designs incorporate relevant international standards and provide a framework for characterizing newly developed materials focusing on the applicability of those tests for periodontal tissue regeneration. The most common methods of biofabrication (electrospinning, injectable hydrogels, fused deposition modelling, melt electrowriting, and bioprinting) and their specific applications in periodontal tissue engineering are reviewed. The critical techniques for morphological, chemical, and mechanical characterization of different classes of materials used in periodontal regeneration are then described. The major advantages and drawbacks of each assay, sample sizes, and guidelines on specimen preparation are also highlighted. From a biological standpoint, fundamental methods for testing bioactivity, the biocompatibility of materials, and the experimental models for testing the antimicrobial potential are included in this guidance. In conclusion, researchers performing studies on periodontal tissue regeneration will have this guidance as a tool to assess essential properties and characteristics of their materials/scaffold-based strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Isaac J de Souza Araújo
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Arwa Daghrery
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 82943, KSA; Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Baiqing Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Renan Dal-Fabbro
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alexandre H Dos Reis-Prado
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nikolaos Silikas
- Dental Biomaterials, Dentistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; ORCHIDS: Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- BOBI-Bioinspired Oral Biomaterials and Interfaces, UPC-Universitat Politènica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08010, Spain; Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain; SCOI - Study and Control of Oral Infections, Faculty of Odontology, UIC Barcelona-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; IBEC - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David C Watts
- School of Medical Sciences and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Epicoco L, Pellegrino R, Madaghiele M, Friuli M, Giannotti L, Di Chiara Stanca B, Palermo A, Siculella L, Savkovic V, Demitri C, Nitti P. Recent Advances in Functionalized Electrospun Membranes for Periodontal Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2725. [PMID: 38140066 PMCID: PMC10747510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a global, multifaceted, chronic inflammatory disease caused by bacterial microorganisms and an exaggerated host immune response that not only leads to the destruction of the periodontal apparatus but may also aggravate or promote the development of other systemic diseases. The periodontium is composed of four different tissues (alveolar bone, cementum, gingiva, and periodontal ligament) and various non-surgical and surgical therapies have been used to restore its normal function. However, due to the etiology of the disease and the heterogeneous nature of the periodontium components, complete regeneration is still a challenge. In this context, guided tissue/bone regeneration strategies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have gained more and more interest, having as a goal the complete restoration of the periodontium and its functions. In particular, the use of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds has emerged as an effective strategy to achieve this goal due to their ability to mimic the extracellular matrix and simultaneously exert antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative activities. This review provides an overview of periodontal regeneration using electrospun membranes, highlighting the use of these nanofibrous scaffolds as delivery systems for bioactive molecules and drugs and their functionalization to promote periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Epicoco
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.D.)
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rebecca Pellegrino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Marco Friuli
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Laura Giannotti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Benedetta Di Chiara Stanca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- Implant Dentistry College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Vuk Savkovic
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Christian Demitri
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Paola Nitti
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.D.)
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Luo X, Niu J, Su G, Zhou L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wang Q, Sun N. Research progress of biomimetic materials in oral medicine. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:72. [PMID: 37996886 PMCID: PMC10668381 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials are able to mimic the structure and functional properties of native tissues especially natural oral tissues. They have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve configurable and functional reconstruction in oral medicine. Though tremendous progress has been made regarding biomimetic materials, significant challenges still remain in terms of controversy on the mechanism of tooth tissue regeneration, lack of options for manufacturing such materials and insufficiency of in vivo experimental tests in related fields. In this review, the biomimetic materials used in oral medicine are summarized systematically, including tooth defect, tooth loss, periodontal diseases and maxillofacial bone defect. Various theoretical foundations of biomimetic materials research are reviewed, introducing the current and pertinent results. The benefits and limitations of these materials are summed up at the same time. Finally, challenges and potential of this field are discussed. This review provides the framework and support for further research in addition to giving a generally novel and fundamental basis for the utilization of biomimetic materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Luo
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jiayue Niu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Guanyu Su
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Linxi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ningning Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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