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Papadimou SG, Golia EE. Green and sustainable practices for an energy plant cultivation on naturally contaminated versus spiked soils. The impact of ageing soil pollution in the circular economy framework. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118130. [PMID: 38191042 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Silybum marianum L. Gaertn. or milk thistle is an energy-produced weed that has been shown to be tolerant of heavy metal-contaminated soils. In the present study, its cultivation was studied in soils laboratory-spiked (artificial) with Cu and Zn solutions. Meanwhile, plant growing on naturally contaminated soils of Mediterranean regions, both urban and rural, was investigated. The metal concentrations spiked in artificial polluted soils were estimated to be roughly equivalent to those in naturally contaminated soils. Plants grown in artificially contaminated soils incorporated the metal added to the soils more rapidly and in higher proportions. The contamination of soil samples was carried out using different chemical reagents, salts containing the metals with oxidation number II, highlighting the fact that the reagent containing the metal is crucial regarding artificial soil pollution. Statistically significant differences were observed between the individual pollution patterns, as far as plant metals uptake concern. It was also found that the aged, contaminated soils transfer lower levels of metals to the plants. Therefore, aging or weathering of contamination alters toxicity levels in the soil environment by determining transport and uptake into the soil-to-plant system. Eventually, from the present research, it emerged the fact that in urban soils that have aged perennial pollution, the uptake of metals by plants is probably lower than in rural ones. Furthermore, with proper management, it is possible to grow plants, with low nutrient requirements, in urban soils by adopting smart, green and eco-friendly techniques, enhancing sustainable cultivation in the framework of circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria G Papadimou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece; University of Thessaly, Department of Agriculture, Rural Environment and Crop Production, Fytokou Street, Volos, 384 46, Magnesia, Greece.
| | - Evangelia E Golia
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Chatelain M, Nold F, Mathieu J. Metal pollution drives earthworm biodiversity in urban lawns. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169867. [PMID: 38185153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Urban soils represent hotspots of metallic trace elements (MTEs) pollution. Despite the critical impact of soil organisms on soil ecosystem services, there is limited understanding regarding the effects of MTE levels in urban soils on these organisms. This is particularly surprising considering that earthworms, key organisms for soil ecosystems, are commonly used in MTE toxicity tests. This research investigates the impact of MTE pollution on earthworm communities in lawns within the city of Paris. In this study, we sampled a comprehensive array of earthworm communities, totalling 965 individuals from 13 distinct species belonging to Lumbricus, Aporrectodea, Allolobophora and Octolasion genera. These communities were collected from three different locations within 18 parks. At these sites, we assessed the concentrations of eight metals and metalloids in the soil (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Hg), along with selenium concentrations and eight fundamental soil parameters, to examine the association between earthworm communities and soil attributes. Median MTE concentrations exceeded recommended statutory limit values by approximately 20 % (0.6 mg/kg Cd), 30 % (36.8 mg/kg Cu), 40 % (122.0 mg/kg Zn), and up to 90 % (0.6 mg/kg Hg and 99.7 mg.kg Pb). Nevertheless, these concentrations exhibited considerable variability both between and within parks, correlating with variations in earthworm community structures. Specifically, our results highlight that Cu concentrations in the soil explain about 6 % of the variation in the assemblage of earthworm species. Our findings underscore the importance of considering MTE pollution levels to enhance our comprehension of earthworm distribution in urban environments and its effects on the ecosystem services provided by urban lawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Chatelain
- Department of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraβe 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Université Paris Est Créteil, Université de Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), 15-21 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - François Nold
- Laboratory of Agronomy of the Paris City, Paris Green Space and Environmental Division (DEVE), Parc Floral - Pavillon 5 - Rond Point de la Pyramide, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Mathieu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Université Paris Est Créteil, Université de Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), 15-21 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75005 Paris, France
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Yin M, Mi J, Wang X, Xing C, Wan X, Zhang F, Yang H, He F, Hu H, Chen L. Interspecific variations in growth, physiology and Cd accumulation between Populus deltoides and P. × canadensis in response to Cd pollution under two soil types. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115951. [PMID: 38211512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Both acid and alkaline purple soils in China are increasingly affected by Cd contamination. The selection of fast-growing trees suitable for remediating different soil types is urgent, yet there is a severe lack of relevant knowledge. In this study, we conducted a controlled pot experiment to compare the growth, physiology, and Cd accumulation efficiency of two widely recognized poplar species, namely Populus deltoides and P. × canadensis, under Cd contamination (1 mg kg-1) in acid and alkaline purple soils. The objective was to determine which poplar species is best suited for remediating different soil types. Our findings are as follows: (1) the total biomass of both poplars remained largely unaffected by Cd pollution in both soil types. Notably, under Cd pollution, the total biomass of P. deltoides in acid purple soil was 1.53 times greater than that in alkaline purple soil. (2) Cd pollution did not significantly induce oxidative damage in the leaves of either poplar species in both soil types. However, in acid purple soil, Cd contamination led to a 21% increase in NO3- concentration and a 44% increase in NH4+ concentration in P. × canadensis leaves, whereas in alkaline purple soil, it led to a 59% increase in NH4+ concentration in P. deltoides leaves. (3) Cd concentrations in all root orders of P. × canadensis were significantly higher than those in P. deltoides, especially in the first three root orders, under alkaline purple soil. The total Cd accumulation by P. × canadensis in Cd-polluted alkaline purple soil was 2.18 times higher than that in Cd-polluted acid purple soil, a difference not observed in P. deltoides. (4) redundancy analysis indicated that the sequestration effect of higher soil organic matter on Cd availability in acid purple soil was more pronounced than the release effects caused by lower pH. In conclusion, P. × canadensis is better suited for remediating alkaline purple soil due to its higher capacity for Cd uptake, while P. deltoides is more suitable for remediating Cd-contaminated acid purple soil due to its better growth conditions and greater Cd enrichment capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yin
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiaxuan Mi
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cailan Xing
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xueqin Wan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hanbo Yang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fang He
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongling Hu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Tóth Z, Dombos M, Hornung E. Urban soil quality deteriorates even with low heavy metal levels: An arthropod-based multi-indices approach. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2848. [PMID: 36938710 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Urban-induced habitat conversion drastically changes soil life in a variety of ways. Soil sealing, human disturbance, habitat fragmentation, industrial and vehicular pollution are the main causes of urban soil degradation. Soil arthropods, as one of the most abundant and diverse group of soil fauna, are involved in many soil processes that are of great importance in maintaining soil health and multifunctionality. Nevertheless, soil quality is still mainly characterized by physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters. Here, we assessed and compared the biological soil quality in woody (REF: reference forest, REM: remnant forest) and nonwoody (TURF: public turfgrass, and RUD: ruderal habitat) types of urban green spaces along a disturbance and management intensity gradient in the Budapest metropolitan area (Hungary), using community metrics and soil arthropod-based indicators. Vegetation cover and landscape characteristics of study sites were quantified through vegetation and urbanization indices, respectively. Basic soil properties, total and bioavailable concentrations of the main heavy metals (Cd, Co, Hg, Ni, Zn) were also measured. Acari, Collembola, and Hymenoptera (mainly Formicidae) were the most abundant groups. Litter-dweller taxa, particularly Protura, proved to be the most sensitive to urban disturbance. Representatives of Hemiptera, Diptera, Symphyla, and Pauropoda were common in low densities. The taxonomic diversity of soil arthropod assemblages in nonwoody and woody habitats was similar. Although the integrated faunal indices showed no differences among soil habitat types, they provided different responses and, consequently, different information. Our findings demonstrated that the biological quality and arthropod community structure of soils were strongly impacted by soil C/N and heavy metal contamination. We found that low and moderate levels of pollution have adverse effects on edaphic fauna, suggesting biological degradation of soils, even below pollution limits. Nevertheless, more disturbed urban green spaces have been shown to play a significant role in maintaining belowground biodiversity, thereby soil functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Tóth
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lorand Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Dombos
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lorand Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elisabeth Hornung
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
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