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Trapnell DW, Hamrick JL, Smallwood PA, Kartzinel TR, Ishibashi CD, Quigley CTC. Phylogeography of the Neotropical epiphytic orchid, Brassavola nodosa: evidence for a secondary contact zone in northwestern Costa Rica. Heredity (Edinb) 2019; 123:662-674. [PMID: 31015580 PMCID: PMC6972751 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-019-0218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial patterns of genetic variation can reveal otherwise cryptic evolutionary and landscape processes. In northwestern Costa Rica, an approximately concordant genetic discontinuity occurs among populations of several plant species. We conducted phylogeographic analyses of an epiphytic orchid, Brassavola nodosa, to test for genetic discontinuity and to explore its underlying causes. We genotyped 18 populations with 19 nuclear loci and two non-coding chloroplast sequence regions. We estimated genetic diversity and structure, relative importance of pollen and seed dispersal, and divergence time to understand how genetic diversity was spatially partitioned. Nuclear genetic diversity was high with little differentiation among populations (GSTn = 0.065). In contrast, chloroplast haplotypes were highly structured (GSTc = 0.570) and reveal a discontinuity between northwestern and southeastern populations within Costa Rica. Haplotype differences suggest two formerly isolated lineages that diverged ~10,000-100,000 YBP. Haplotype mixing and greater genetic diversity occur in an intermediate transition zone. Patterns of nuclear and chloroplast data were consistent. Different levels of genetic differentiation for the two genomes reflect the relative effectiveness of biotic versus abiotic dispersers of pollen and seeds, respectively. Isolation of the two lineages likely resulted from the complex environmental and geophysical history of the region. Our results suggest a recent cryptic seed dispersal barrier and/or zone of secondary contact. We hypothesize that powerful northeasterly trade winds hinder movement of wind-borne seeds between the two regions, while the multi-directional dispersal of pollen by strong-flying sphinx moths resulted in lower differentiation of nuclear loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorset W Trapnell
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - J L Hamrick
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | | | - Tyler R Kartzinel
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Rodríguez-Correa H, Oyama K, Quesada M, Fuchs EJ, González-Rodríguez A. Contrasting Patterns of Population History and Seed-mediated Gene Flow in Two Endemic Costa Rican Oak Species. J Hered 2019; 109:530-542. [PMID: 29509902 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower Central America is an important area to study recent population history and diversification of Neotropical species due to its complex and dynamic geology and climate. Phylogeographic studies in this region are few in comparison with other regions and even less for tree species. The aim of the present study was to characterize the phylogeographic structure in 2 partially co-distributed endemic oak species (Quercus costaricensis and Q. bumelioides) of the Costa Rican mountains using chloroplast short sequence repeats (cpSSRs), and to test for the effect of geological and palaeoclimatic processes on their population history. Genetic diversity and structure, haplotype networks, patterns of seed-mediated gene flow and historical demography were estimated for both species. Results suggested contrasting patterns. Quercus costaricensis exhibited high values of genetic diversity, a marked phylogeographic structure, a north-to-south genetic diversity gradient and evidence of a demographic expansion during the Quaternary. Quercus bumelioides did not show significant genetic structure and the haplotype network and historical demography estimates suggested a recent population expansion probably during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. The phylogeographic structure of Q. costaricensis seems to be related to Pleistocene altitudinal migration due to its higher altitudinal distribution. Meanwhile, historical seed-mediated gene flow through the lower altitudinal distribution of Q. bumelioides may have promoted the homogenization of genetic variation. Population expansion and stable availability of suitable climatic areas in both species probably indicate that palaeoclimatic changes promoted downwards altitudinal migration and formation of continuous forests allowing oak species to expand their distribution into the Panamanian mountains during glacial stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernando Rodríguez-Correa
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Ken Oyama
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Mauricio Quesada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, Michoacán, México.,Laboratorio de Ecología y Evolución de Polinización y Sistemas Reproductivos de Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, 58190, Michoacán, México
| | - Eric J Fuchs
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, Michoacán, México.,Escuela de Biología. Universidad de Costa Rica. San Pedro Montes de Oca 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Antonio González-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Genética de la Conservación, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, 58190, Michoacán, México
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Testing Hypotheses of Diversification in Panamanian Frogs and Freshwater Fishes Using Hierarchical Approximate Bayesian Computation with Model Averaging. DIVERSITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/d10040120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Most Neotropical frog and freshwater fish species sampled to date show phylogeographic breaks along the Pacific coast of the Isthmus of Panama, with lineages in Costa Rica and western Panama isolated from central Panama. We examine temporal patterns of diversification of taxa across this ‘western Panama isthmus’ (WPI) break to test hypotheses about the origin of species geographical distributions and genetic structuring in this region. We tested for synchronous diversification of four codistributed frog taxon-pairs and three fish taxon-pairs sharing the WPI break using hierarchical approximate Bayesian computation with model averaging based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. We also estimated lineage divergence times using full-Bayesian models. Several of our results supported synchronous divergences within the frog and freshwater fish assemblages; however, Bayes factor support was equivocal for or against synchronous or asynchronous diversification. Nevertheless, we infer that frog populations were likely isolated by one or multiple Pliocene–Pleistocene events more recently than predicted by previous models, while fish genetic diversity was structured by Pleistocene events. By integrating our results with external information from geology and elevational sea level modeling, we discuss the implications of our findings for understanding the biogeographical scenario of the diversification of Panamanian frogs and fishes. Consistent with the ‘Bermingham/Martin model’ (Molecular Ecology 1998, 7, 499–517), we conclude that the regional fish assemblage was fractured by processes shaping isthmian landscapes during the Pleistocene glaciations, including drainage basin isolation during lowered sea levels.
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Synchronous diversification of parachuting frogs (Genus Rhacophorus) on Sumatra and Java. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 123:101-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Comparative phylogeography clarifies the complexity and problems of continental distribution that drove A. R. Wallace to favor islands. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 113:7970-7. [PMID: 27432953 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601072113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the geographic context of diversification and distributional dynamics in continental biotas has long been an interest of biogeographers, ecologists, and evolutionary biologists. Thirty years ago, the approach now known as comparative phylogeography was introduced in a landmark study of a continental biota. Here, I use a set of 455 studies to explore the current scope of continental comparative phylogeography, including geographic, conceptual, temporal, ecological, and genomic attributes. Geographically, studies are more frequent in the northern hemisphere, but the south is catching up. Most studies focus on a Quaternary timeframe, but the Neogene is well represented. As such, explanations for geographic structure and history include geological and climatic events in Earth history, and responses include vicariance, dispersal, and range contraction-expansion into and out of refugia. Focal taxa are biased toward terrestrial or semiterrestrial vertebrates, although plants and invertebrates are well represented in some regions. The use of various kinds of nuclear DNA markers is increasing, as are multiple locus studies, but use of organelle DNA is not decreasing. Species distribution models are not yet widely incorporated into studies. In the future, continental comparative phylogeographers will continue to contribute to erosion of the simple vicariance vs. dispersal paradigm, including exposure of the widespread nature of temporal pseudocongruence and its implications for models of diversification; provide new templates for addressing a variety of ecological and evolutionary traits; and develop closer working relationships with earth scientists and biologists in a variety of disciplines.
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Inferring responses to climate dynamics from historical demography in neotropical forest lizards. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 113:7978-85. [PMID: 27432951 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601063113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We apply a comparative framework to test for concerted demographic changes in response to climate shifts in the neotropical lowland forests, learning from the past to inform projections of the future. Using reduced genomic (SNP) data from three lizard species codistributed in Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest (Anolis punctatus, Anolis ortonii, and Polychrus marmoratus), we first reconstruct former population history and test for assemblage-level responses to cycles of moisture transport recently implicated in changes of forest distribution during the Late Quaternary. We find support for population shifts within the time frame of inferred precipitation fluctuations (the last 250,000 y) but detect idiosyncratic responses across species and uniformity of within-species responses across forest regions. These results are incongruent with expectations of concerted population expansion in response to increased rainfall and fail to detect out-of-phase demographic syndromes (expansions vs. contractions) across forest regions. Using reduced genomic data to infer species-specific demographical parameters, we then model the plausible spatial distribution of genetic diversity in the Atlantic Forest into future climates (2080) under a medium carbon emission trajectory. The models forecast very distinct trajectories for the lizard species, reflecting unique estimated population densities and dispersal abilities. Ecological and demographic constraints seemingly lead to distinct and asynchronous responses to climatic regimes in the tropics, even among similarly distributed taxa. Incorporating such constraints is key to improve modeling of the distribution of biodiversity in the past and future.
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Bagley JC, Matamoros WA, McMahan CD, Tobler M, Chakrabarty P, Johnson JB. Phylogeography and species delimitation in convict cichlids (Cichlidae:Amatitlania): implications for taxonomy and Plio-Pleistocene evolutionary history in Central America. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin C. Bagley
- Evolutionary Ecology Laboratories; Department of Biology; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Wilfredo A. Matamoros
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Museo de Zoología; Colección de Ictiología; Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas; CP 29039 Tuxtla Gutierrez Chiapas México
| | - Caleb D. McMahan
- Museum of Natural Science (Ichthyology); Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
- The Field Museum of Natural History; 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago IL 60605 USA
| | - Michael Tobler
- Division of Biology; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS 66506 USA
| | - Prosanta Chakrabarty
- Museum of Natural Science (Ichthyology); Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Jerald B. Johnson
- Evolutionary Ecology Laboratories; Department of Biology; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
- Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
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Palacios M, Voelker G, Arias Rodriguez L, Mateos M, Tobler M. Phylogenetic analyses of the subgenus Mollienesia (Poecilia, Poeciliidae, Teleostei) reveal taxonomic inconsistencies, cryptic biodiversity, and spatio-temporal aspects of diversification in Middle America. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 103:230-244. [PMID: 27472959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The subgenus Mollienesia is a diverse group of freshwater fishes, including species that have served as important models across multiple biological disciplines. Nonetheless, the taxonomic history of this group has been conflictive and convoluted, in part because the evolutionary relationships have not been rigorously resolved. We conducted a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subgenus Mollienesia to identify taxonomic discrepancies and potentially identify undescribed species, estimate ancestral areas of origin and estimate dates of divergence, as well as explore biogeographical patterns. Our findings confirm the presence of three main clades composed of the P. latipinna, P. sphenops, and P. mexicana species complexes. Unlike previously hypothesized morphology-based analyses, species found on the Caribbean Islands are not part of Mollienesia, but are more closely related to species of the subgenus Limia. Our study also revealed several taxonomic inconsistencies and distinct lineages in the P. mexicana species complex that may represent undescribed species. The diversity in the subgenus Mollienesia is a result of dynamic geologic activity leading to vicariant events, dispersal across geologic blocks, and ecological speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Palacios
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Gary Voelker
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lenin Arias Rodriguez
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), C.P. 86150 Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Mariana Mateos
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Michael Tobler
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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