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Fernandes MA, Cioffi MDB, Bertollo LAC, da Costa GWWF, da Motta-Neto CC, Borges AT, Soares RX, de Souza AS, Pinthong K, Supiwong W, Tanomtong A, Molina WF. Evolutionary Tracks of Chromosomal Diversification in Surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae: Acanthurus) Along the World's Biogeographic Domains. Front Genet 2021; 12:760244. [PMID: 34777477 PMCID: PMC8586516 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.760244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fishes of the genus Acanthurus (Acanthuridae) are strongly related to reef environments, in a broad biogeographic context worldwide. Although their biological aspects are well known, cytogenetic information related to this genus remains incipient. In this study, Acanthurus species from populations inhabiting coastal regions of the Southwest Atlantic (SWA), South Atlantic oceanic islands (Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Trindade Island), Greater Caribbean (GC), and Indo-Pacific Ocean (the center of the origin of the group) were analyzed to investigate their evolutionary differentiation. For this purpose, we employed conventional cytogenetic procedures and fluorescence in situ hybridization of 18S rDNA, 5S rDNA, and H3 and H2B-H2A histone sequences. The Atlantic species (A. coeruleus, A. chirurgus, and A. bahianus) did not show variations among them, despite their vast continental and insular distribution. In contrast, A. coeruleus from SWA and GC diverged from each other in the number of 18S rDNA sites, a condition likely associated with the barrier created by the outflows of the Amazonas/Orinoco rivers. The geminate species A. tractus had a cytogenetic profile similar to that of A. bahianus. However, the chromosomal macrostructures and the distribution of rDNA and hisDNA sequences revealed moderate to higher rates of diversification when Acanthurus species from recently colonized areas (Atlantic Ocean) were compared to A. triostegus, a representative species from the Indian Ocean. Our cytogenetic data covered all Acanthurus species from the Western Atlantic, tracked phylogenetic diversification throughout the dispersive process of the genus, and highlighted the probable diversifying role of ocean barriers in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aparecida Fernandes
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Clóvis Coutinho da Motta-Neto
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Amanda Tôrres Borges
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Xavier Soares
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Allyson Santos de Souza
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Krit Pinthong
- Department of Fundamental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Muang, Thailand
| | - Weerayuth Supiwong
- Applied Science Program, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Khon Kaen University, Nong Khai Campus, Nong Khai, Thailand
| | - Alongklod Tanomtong
- Program of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wagner Franco Molina
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Balakirev ES, Kravchenko AY, Semenchenko AA. Genetic Evidence for a Mixed Composition of the Genus Myoxocephalus (Cottoidei: Cottidae) Necessitates Generic Realignment. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1071. [PMID: 32933022 PMCID: PMC7564937 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sculpin fishes belonging to the family Cottidae represent a large and complex group, inhabiting a wide range of freshwater, brackish-water, and marine environments. Numerous studies based on analysis of their morphology and genetic makeup frequently provided controversial results. In the present work, we sequenced complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes and fragments of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of the fourhorn sculpin Myoxocephalus quadricornis and some related cottids to increase the power of phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses of this complex fish group. A comparison of the My. quadricornis mt genomes obtained by us with other complete mt genomes available in GenBank has revealed a surprisingly low divergence (3.06 ± 0.12%) with Megalocottus platycephalus and, at the same time, a significantly higher divergence (7.89 ± 0.16%) with the species of the genus Myoxocephalus. Correspondingly, phylogenetic analyses have shown that My. quadricornis is clustered with Me. platycephalus but not with the Myoxocephalus species. Completely consistent patterns of divergence and tree topologies have been obtained based on nuclear rDNA. Thus, the multi-gene data in the present work indicates obvious contradictions in the relationships between the Myoxocephalus and Megalocottus species studied. An extensive phylogenetic analysis has provided evidence for a closer affinity of My. quadricornis with the species of the genus Megalocottus than with the species of the genus Myoxocephalus. A recombination analysis, along with the additional GenBank data, excludes introgression and/or incorrect taxonomic identification as the possible causative factors responsible for the observed closer affinity between the two species from different genera. The above facts necessitate realignment of the genera Myoxocephalus and Megalocottus. The genetic data supports the two recognized genera, Myoxocephalus and Megalocottus, but suggests changing their compositions through transferring My. quadricornis to the genus Megalocottus. The results of the present study resolve the relationships within a complex group of sculpin fishes and show a promising approach to phylogenetic systematics (as a key organizing principle in biodiversity research) for a better understanding of the taxonomy and evolution of fishes and for supplying relevant information to address various fish biodiversity conservation and management issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy S. Balakirev
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia;
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690950, Russia
| | - Alexandra Yu. Kravchenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia;
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Organisms, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690950, Russia;
| | - Alexander A. Semenchenko
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Organisms, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690950, Russia;
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Gaither MR, Coker DJ, Greaves S, Sarigol F, Payet SD, Chaidez V, Sinclair-Taylor TH, DiBattista JD, Berumen ML. Does color matter? Molecular and ecological divergence in four sympatric color morphs of a coral reef fish. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:9663-9681. [PMID: 33005338 PMCID: PMC7520180 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-sex-linked color polymorphism is common in animals and can be maintained in populations via balancing selection or, when under diversifying selection, can promote divergence. Despite their potential importance in ecological interactions and the evolution of biodiversity, their function and the mechanisms by which these polymorphisms are maintained are still poorly understood. Here, we combine field observations with life history and molecular data to compare four sympatric color morphs of the coral reef fish Paracirrhites forsteri (family Cirrhitidae) in the central Red Sea. Our findings verify that the color morphs are not sex-limited, inhabit the same reefs, and do not show clear signs of avoidance or aggression among them. A barcoding approach based on 1,276 bp of mitochondrial DNA could not differentiate the color morphs. However, when 36,769 SNPs were considered, we found low but significant population structure. Focusing on 1,121 F ST outliers, we recovered distinct population clusters that corresponded to shifts in allele frequencies with each color morph harboring unique alleles. Genetic divergence at these outlier loci is accompanied by differences in growth and marginal variation in microhabitat preference. Together, life history and molecular analysis suggest subtle divergence between the color morphs in this population, the causes for which remain elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Gaither
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Cluster Department of Biology University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA
| | - Darren J Coker
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Samuel Greaves
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Cluster Department of Biology University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA
| | - Fatih Sarigol
- Faculty of Biology Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Planegg-Martinsried Germany
| | - Samuel D Payet
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Veronica Chaidez
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Joseph D DiBattista
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth WA Australia
- Australian Museum Research Institute Australian Museum Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Michael L Berumen
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
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