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Vlassi A, Nesler A, Perazzolli M, Lazazzara V, Büschl C, Parich A, Puopolo G, Schuhmacher R. Volatile Organic Compounds From Lysobacter capsici AZ78 as Potential Candidates for Biological Control of Soilborne Plant Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1748. [PMID: 32849377 PMCID: PMC7427108 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Lysobacter includes several bacterial species which show potential for being used in biological control of plant diseases. It was shown recently that several Lysobacter type strains produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which controlled the growth of Phytophthora infestans in vitro when the bacteria were grown on a protein rich medium. In the present study, Lysobacter capsici AZ78 (AZ78) has been tested for its potential to produce VOCs that may contribute to the bioactivity against soilborne plant pathogens. To this end, split Petri dish assays of bacterial cultures have been combined with GC-MS measurements with the aim to reveal the identity of the VOCs which inhibit the growth of Pythium ultimum Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotinia minor. While AZ78 completely suppressed the growth of P. ultimum and S. minor, the growth of R. solani was still reduced significantly. The GC-MS analysis revealed 22 VOCs to be produced by AZ78, the majority of which were (putatively) identified as mono- and dialkylated methoxypyrazines. Based on additional cultivation and GC-MS experiments, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine and 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine were selected as presumable bioactive compounds. Further bioassays employing indirect exposure to standard solutions (1–10 mg per Petri dish) of the synthetic compounds via the gas phase, revealed that each of these pyrazines was able to suppress the growth of the pathogens under investigation. The results of this study highlight the possible future implementation of pyrazine derivatives in the control of soilborne plant diseases and further support the biocontrol potential of L. capsici AZ78.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Vlassi
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - Andrea Nesler
- Bi-PA nv (Biological Products for Agriculture), Londerzeel, Belgium
| | - Michele Perazzolli
- Center of Agriculture, Food, Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Valentina Lazazzara
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Christoph Büschl
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - Alexandra Parich
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Center of Agriculture, Food, Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rainer Schuhmacher
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
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Heise P, Liu Y, Degenkolb T, Vogel H, Schäberle TF, Vilcinskas A. Antibiotic-Producing Beneficial Bacteria in the Gut of the Burying Beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1178. [PMID: 31244787 PMCID: PMC6563848 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant human pathogens is a growing public concern and there is intense pressure to identify new antibacterial compounds that can be developed into antibiotics with novel mode of action. Evolutionary theory predicts that insects that have evolved to occupy sophisticated ecological niches by feeding and reproducing on carcasses will depend on their gut microbiome to prevent colonization by invading pathogens taken up with the diet. This inspired our hypothesis that the complex interactions between the core microbiome and the more flexible microbial communities dependent on the environment may promote the outsourcing of antibiotic synthesis to beneficial microbes. We tested this hypothesis by cultivating and characterizing bacteria isolated from the gut of the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides, which feeds and reproduces on small vertebrate carcasses buried in the soil to avoid competitors such as fly maggots. The extracts of isolated bacteria were screened for activity against human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. More than 400 strains were isolated, among which the crude extract of Serratia marcescens 2MH3-2 displayed promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Bioactivity-guided fractionation enabled purification of the primary antimicrobial compound of the extract. By LC-MS and NMR experiments, it was identified as serrawettin W2 (C38H61N5O9), the antibacterial and nematostatic activity of which was corroborated in our study. We postulate that this antibiotic could contribute to the control of both bacteria and phoretic nematodes in the gut, which compete for food when transferred to the carcass. Our study shows that the gut microbiome of N. vespilloides is a promising resource for the screening of antibiotic-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Heise
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Till F Schäberle
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Laczi M, Kötél D, Török J, Hegyi G. Mutual plumage ornamentation and biparental care: consequences for success in different environments. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Edme A, Zobač P, Opatová P, Šplíchalová P, Munclinger P, Albrecht T, Krist M. Do ornaments, arrival date, and sperm size influence mating and paternity success in the collared flycatcher? Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cline MH, Hatt JL, Conroy MJ, Cooper RJ. Experimental evidence for a phenotypic trait as an age-dependent intrasexual social signal between familiar individuals. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fenster CB, Reynolds RJ, Williams CW, Makowsky R, Dudash MR. Quantifying hummingbird preference for floral trait combinations: The role of selection on trait interactions in the evolution of pollination syndromes. Evolution 2015; 69:1113-27. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles B. Fenster
- Department of Biology; University of Maryland, College Park; College Park Maryland 20742
- Mountain Lake Biological Station; 240 Salt Pond Road Pembroke Virginia 24136
| | - Richard J. Reynolds
- Department of Biology; University of Maryland, College Park; College Park Maryland 20742
- Mountain Lake Biological Station; 240 Salt Pond Road Pembroke Virginia 24136
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Christopher W. Williams
- Mountain Lake Biological Station; 240 Salt Pond Road Pembroke Virginia 24136
- Frostburg State University; Frostburg Maryland 21502
- National Institutes of Health, NIDDK; Bethesda Maryland 20892
| | | | - Michele R. Dudash
- Department of Biology; University of Maryland, College Park; College Park Maryland 20742
- Mountain Lake Biological Station; 240 Salt Pond Road Pembroke Virginia 24136
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Phamduy P, Polverino G, Fuller RC, Porfiri M. Fish and robot dancing together: bluefin killifish females respond differently to the courtship of a robot with varying color morphs. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2014; 9:036021. [PMID: 25162832 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3182/9/3/036021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The experimental integration of bioinspired robots in groups of social animals has become a valuable tool to understand the basis of social behavior and uncover the fundamental determinants of animal communication. In this study, we measured the preference of fertile female bluefin killifish (Lucania goodei) for robotic replicas whose aspect ratio, body size, motion pattern, and color morph were inspired by adult male killifish. The motion of the fish replica was controlled via a robotic platform, which simulated the typical courtship behavior observed in killifish males. The positional preferences of females were measured for three different color morphs (red, yellow, and blue). While variation in preference was high among females, females tend to spend more time in the vicinity of the yellow painted robot replicas. This preference may have emerged because the yellow robot replicas were very bright, particularly in the longer wavelengths (550–700 nm) compared to the red and blue replicas. These findings are in agreement with previous observations in mosquitofish and zebrafish on fish preference for artificially enhanced yellow pigmentation.
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de Souza AR, Alberto Mourão Júnior C, Santos do Nascimento F, Lino-Neto J. Sexy faces in a male paper wasp. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98172. [PMID: 24849073 PMCID: PMC4029984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexually selected signals are common in many animals, though little reported in social insects. We investigated the occurrence of male visual signals mediating the dominance relationships among males and female choice of sexual partner in the paper wasp Polistes simillimus. Males have three conspicuous, variable and sexually dimorphic traits: black pigmentation on the head, a pair of yellow abdominal spots and body size differences. By conducting behavioral assays, we found that none of the three visual traits are associated with male-male dominance relationship. However, males with higher proportion of black facial pigmentation and bigger yellow abdominal spots are more likely chosen as sexual partners. Also, after experimentally manipulating the proportion of black pigment on males' face, we found that females may evaluate male facial coloration during the choice of a sexual partner. Thus, the black pigmentation on P. simillimus male's head appears to play a role as a sexually selected visual signal. We suggest that sexual selection is a common force in Polistes and we highlight the importance of this group as a model for the study of visual communication in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Santos do Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - José Lino-Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Potti J, Canal D, Serrano D. Lifetime fitness and age-related female ornament signalling: evidence for survival and fecundity selection in the pied flycatcher. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1445-57. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Potti
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC; Seville Spain
| | - D. Canal
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC; Seville Spain
| | - D. Serrano
- Department of Conservation Biology; Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC; Seville Spain
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Husby A, Schielzeth H, Forstmeier W, Gustafsson L, Qvarnström A. Sex chromosome linked genetic variance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism of quantitative traits. Evolution 2012; 67:609-19. [PMID: 23461313 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01806.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Theory predicts that sex chromsome linkage should reduce intersexual genetic correlations thereby allowing the evolution of sexual dimorphism. Empirical evidence for sex linkage has come largely from crosses and few studies have examined how sexual dimorphism and sex linkage are related within outbred populations. Here, we use data on an array of different traits measured on over 10,000 individuals from two pedigreed populations of birds (collared flycatcher and zebra finch) to estimate the amount of sex-linked genetic variance (h(2)z ). Of 17 traits examined, eight showed a nonzero h(2)Z estimate but only four were significantly different from zero (wing patch size and tarsus length in collared flycatchers, wing length and beak color in zebra finches). We further tested how sexual dimorphism and the mode of selection operating on the trait relate to the proportion of sex-linked genetic variance. Sexually selected traits did not show higher h(2)Z than morphological traits and there was only a weak positive relationship between h(2)Z and sexual dimorphism. However, given the relative scarcity of empirical studies, it is premature to make conclusions about the role of sex chromosome linkage in the evolution of sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arild Husby
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Tobias JA, Montgomerie R, Lyon BE. The evolution of female ornaments and weaponry: social selection, sexual selection and ecological competition. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2012; 367:2274-93. [PMID: 22777016 PMCID: PMC3391421 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ornaments, weapons and aggressive behaviours may evolve in female animals by mate choice and intrasexual competition for mating opportunities-the standard forms of sexual selection in males. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that selection tends to operate in different ways in males and females, with female traits more often mediating competition for ecological resources, rather than mate acquisition. Two main solutions have been proposed to accommodate this disparity. One is to expand the concept of sexual selection to include all mechanisms related to fecundity; another is to adopt an alternative conceptual framework-the theory of social selection-in which sexual selection is one component of a more general form of selection resulting from all social interactions. In this study, we summarize the history of the debate about female ornaments and weapons, and discuss potential resolutions. We review the components of fitness driving ornamentation in a wide range of systems, and show that selection often falls outside the limits of traditional sexual selection theory, particularly in females. We conclude that the evolution of these traits in both sexes is best understood within the unifying framework of social selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Tobias
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
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Ruuskanen S, Doligez B, Gustafsson L, Laaksonen T. Long-term effects of yolk androgens on phenotype and parental feeding behavior in a wild passerine. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-012-1373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Izzo AS, Tibbetts EA. Spotting the top male: sexually selected signals in male Polistes dominulus wasps. Anim Behav 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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