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Murali Sharma P, Krishnamoorthy D, Bhukya B, Sundaresan V, Pragadheesh VS. Endo-fenchyl acetate rich essential oil of Strobilanthes sessilis Nees inflorescence and its characterisation using GC, GC-MS, and NMR techniques. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 38146599 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2297859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Strobilanthes Blume is a genus in the family Acanthaceae, with many species endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Strobilanthes sessilis Nees is endemic to the southern Western Ghats of India. The essential oil of dried inflorescence of S. sessilis was extracted using hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition was determined using GC and GC-MS techniques, which revealed the major compound to be endo-fenchyl acetate (89.33%). Other minor compounds like endo-fenchol (3.74%), (E)-caryophyllene (1.07%), and limonene and β-phellandrene (0.55%) were also observed. The major diastereomer of fenchyl acetate was determined using 2D-NMR techniques like HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY to confirm the endo configuration. The optical rotation of the oil in different solvents deduced that the laevorotatory enantiomer of endo-fenchyl acetate as the major or single compound. S. sessilis could be further explored as a major source of endo-fenchyl acetate, which has high importance in flavouring and other biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Murali Sharma
- Analytical Chemistry and Phytochemistry Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Center, Bengaluru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Devanathan Krishnamoorthy
- Plant Biology and Systematics Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Center, Bengaluru, India
| | - Balakishan Bhukya
- Central Instrumentation Facility, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Velusamy Sundaresan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Plant Biology and Systematics Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Center, Bengaluru, India
| | - V S Pragadheesh
- Analytical Chemistry and Phytochemistry Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Center, Bengaluru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Zhao JX, Wang S, Liu J, Jiang XD, Wen J, Suo ZQ, Liu J, Zhong MC, Wang Q, Gu Z, Liu C, Deng Y, Hu JY, Li DZ. A comparative full-length transcriptomic resource provides insight into the perennial monocarpic mass flowering. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1842-1855. [PMID: 37665679 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Perennial monocarpic mass flowering represents as a key developmental innovation in flowering time diversity in several biological and economical essential families, such as the woody bamboos and the shrubby Strobilanthes. However, molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying this important biodiversity remain poorly investigated. Here, we generated a full-length transcriptome resource incorporated into the BlueOmics database (http://blueomics.iflora.cn) for two Strobilanthes species, which feature contrasting flowering time behaviors. Using about 112 and 104 Gb Iso-seq reads together with ~185 and ~75 Gb strand-specific RNA seq data, we annotated 80 971 and 79 985 non-redundant full-length transcripts for the perennial polycarpic Strobilanthes tetrasperma and the perennial monocarpic Strobilanthes biocullata, respectively. In S. tetrasperma, we identified 8794 transcripts showing spatiotemporal expression in nine tissues. In leaves and shoot apical meristems at two developmental stages, 977 and 1121 transcripts were differentially accumulated in S. tetrasperma and S. biocullata, respectively. Interestingly, among the 33 transcription factors showing differential expression in S. tetrasperma but without differential expression in S. biocullata, three were involved potentially in the photoperiod and circadian-clock pathway of flowering time regulation (FAR1 RELATED SEQUENCE 12, FRS12; NUCLEAR FACTOR Y A1, NFYA1; PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5, PRR5), hence provides an important clue in deciphering the flowering diversity mechanisms. Our data serve as a key resource for further dissection of molecular and genetic mechanisms underpinning key biological innovations, here, the perennial monocarpic mass flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Xia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jiazhi Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jing Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mi-Cai Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Zhirong Gu
- Administration of National Nature Reserve of Badagongshan, Sangzhi, 427000, Hunan, China
| | - Changning Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Yunfei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jin-Yong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
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dos Santos P, Brilhante MÂ, Messerschmid TFE, Serrano HC, Kadereit G, Branquinho C, de Vos JM. Plant growth forms dictate adaptations to the local climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1023595. [PMID: 36479511 PMCID: PMC9720395 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1023595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive radiation is a significant driver of biodiversity. Primarily studied in animal systems, mechanisms that trigger adaptive radiations remain poorly understood in plants. A frequently claimed indicator of adaptive radiation in plants is growth form diversity when tied to the occupation of different habitats. However, it remains obscure whether morphological adaptations manifest as growth form diversity per se or as its constituent traits. We use the classic Aeonium radiation from the Canary Islands to ask whether adaptation across climatic space is structured by growth form evolution. Using morphological sampling with site-associated climate in a phylogenetic context, we find that growth forms dictate adaptations to the local environment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the response of specific traits to analogous environments is antagonistic when growth forms are different. This finding suggests for the first time that growth forms represent particular ecological functions, allowing the co-occurrence of closely related species, being a product of divergent selection during evolution in sympatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia dos Santos
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Sciences – Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Ângelo Brilhante
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thibaud F. E. Messerschmid
- Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg und Botanischen Staatssammlung, Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns, Munich, Germany
- Prinzessin Therese von Bayern Lehrstuhl für Systematik, Biodiversität & Evolution der Pflanzen, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Cristina Serrano
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gudrun Kadereit
- Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg und Botanischen Staatssammlung, Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns, Munich, Germany
- Prinzessin Therese von Bayern Lehrstuhl für Systematik, Biodiversität & Evolution der Pflanzen, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jurriaan M. de Vos
- Department of Environmental Sciences – Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Sakata Y, Kobayashi K, Makita A. Multi-trophic consequences of mass flowering in two bamboos (Poales: Poaceae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mass flowering (masting) has been hypothesized to be an adaptive strategy to satiate florivores/granivores. However, few studies have corroborated this by examining seed predation in multiple flowering patches of varying sizes across a wide geographical range over multiple years. Moreover, the trophic consequences of masting for the parasitoids of florivores/granivores and their feedback effects are poorly understood. Here, we used the nationwide masting of two bamboo species, Sasamorpha borealis var. borealis and Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis, in Japan and compared florivory and seed sets in multiple flowering patches during the masting year and the following sporadic flowering years. We found lower florivory damage in both bamboo species and higher seed set for Sasamorpha borealis var. borealis in patches with massive and spatiotemporally isolated flowering. Additionally, the relative level of parasitism of florivores increased considerably in the sporadic flowering year, particularly in large flowering patches of Sasamorpha borealis var. borealis. Our results indicate the importance of spatiotemporal isolation during masting for satiating two dipteran florivores and suggest that parasitoids might rapidly suppress the extent of florivory in the sporadic flowering years after masting. Collectively, our study highlights the importance of considering multi-trophic consequences in understanding the adaptive significance of masting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzu Sakata
- Department of Biological Environment, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University , Shimoshinjyo-Nakano, Akita 010 - 0915 , Japan
| | - Keito Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
- Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute , Kyoto 612 - 0855 , Japan
| | - Akifumi Makita
- Department of Biological Environment, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University , Shimoshinjyo-Nakano, Akita 010 - 0915 , Japan
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Sota T. Life‐cycle control of 13‐ and 17‐year periodical cicadas: A hypothesis and its implication in the evolutionary process. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teiji Sota
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
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Simon C, Cooley JR, Karban R, Sota T. Advances in the Evolution and Ecology of 13- and 17-Year Periodical Cicadas. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 67:457-482. [PMID: 34623904 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-072121-061108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Apart from model organisms, 13- and 17-year periodical cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Magicicada) are among the most studied insects in evolution and ecology. They are attractive subjects because they predictably emerge in large numbers; have a complex biogeography shaped by both spatial and temporal isolation; and include three largely sympatric, parallel species groups that are, in a sense, evolutionary replicates. Magicicada are also relatively easy to capture and manipulate, and their spectacular, synchronized mass emergences facilitate outreach and citizen science opportunities. Since the last major review, studies of Magicicada have revealed insights into reproductive character displacement and the nature of species boundaries, provided additional examples of allochronic speciation, found evidence for repeated and parallel (but noncontemporaneous) evolution of 13- and 17-year life cycles, quantified the amount and direction of gene flow through time, revealed phylogeographic patterning resulting from paleoclimate change, examined the timing of juvenile development, and created hypotheses for the evolution of life-cycle control and the future effects of climate changeon Magicicada life cycles. New ecological studies have supported and questioned the role of prime numbers in Magicicada ecology and evolution, found bidirectional shifts in population size over generations, quantified the contribution of Magicicada to nutrient flow in forest ecosystems, and examined behavioral and biochemical interactions between Magicicada and their fungal parasites and bacterial endosymbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Simon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA;
| | - John R Cooley
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut 06103, USA;
| | - Richard Karban
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA;
| | - Teiji Sota
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;
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Population age structures, persistence and flowering cues in Cerberiopsis candelabra (Apocynaceae), a long-lived monocarpic rain-forest tree in New Caledonia. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467421000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCerberiopsis candelabra Vieill. is a long-lived, monocarpic (= semelparous) and mass-flowering rain-forest tree, endemic to New Caledonia. Population size structures suggest establishment has been episodic, followed by a recruitment gap that might signal population decline. Here, we use age structures based on tree rings to better assess population dynamics and persistence, and investigate influences of tree size, age and growth rate on flowering. Age structures of populations surveyed in 2007–2008 were unimodal, with establishment over c. 15–81 y, followed by a recruitment gap of c. 23–79 y. Seedling mortality was generally high. High densities of flowering trees or large-scale exogenous disturbances may be necessary for in-situ regeneration. There was no evidence of a simple flowering threshold: flowering in 2017 occurred across a wide range of tree size, age and growth rate. Instead, evidence suggested that size and age at flowering may vary among plants depending on their growth trajectory. Environmental triggers of flowering were not identified by dating tree establishment, but the last three mass-flowering events occurred in years of tropical cyclones. Regeneration and persistence might be facilitated if large-scale disturbances trigger flowering, improving reproductive efficiency by synchronising flowering and linking reproduction with environmental conditions that enhance seedling recruitment.
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Ishida A, Nakamura T, Saiki ST, Yoshimura J, Kakishima S. Evolutionary loss of thermal acclimation accompanied by periodic monocarpic mass flowering in Strobilanthes flexicaulis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14273. [PMID: 34253817 PMCID: PMC8275617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While life history, physiology and molecular phylogeny in plants have been widely studied, understanding how physiology changes with the evolution of life history change remains largely unknown. In two closely related understory Strobilanthes plants, the molecular phylogeny has previously shown that the monocarpic 6-year masting S. flexicaulis have evolved from a polycarpic perennial, represented by the basal clade S. tashiroi. The polycarpic S. tashiroi exhibited seasonal thermal acclimation with increased leaf respiratory and photosynthetic metabolism in winter, whereas the monocarpic S. flexicaulis showed no thermal acclimation. The monocarpic S. flexicaulis required rapid height growth after germination under high intraspecific competition, and the respiration and N allocation were biased toward nonphotosynthetic tissues. By contrast, in the long-lived polycarpic S. tashiroi, these allocations were biased toward photosynthetic tissues. The life-history differences between the monocarpic S. flexicaulis and the polycarpic S. tashiroi are represented by the “height growth” and “assimilation” paradigms, respectively, which are controlled by different patterns of respiration and nitrogen regulation in leaves. The obtained data indicate that the monocarpic S. flexicaulis with the evolutionary loss of thermal acclimation may exhibit increased vulnerability to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ishida
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
| | - Shin-Taro Saiki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Jin Yoshimura
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.,The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kakishima
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan.
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