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Holmquist AJ, Cody Markelz RJ, Martinez CC, Gillespie RG. The importance of habitat type and historical fire regimes in arthropod community response following large-scale wildfires. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17135. [PMID: 38273502 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Novel wildfire regimes are rapidly changing global ecosystems and pose significant challenges for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding to assess the response of arthropod pollinator communities to large-scale wildfires across diverse habitat types in California. We sampled six reserves within the University of California Natural Reserve System, each of which was partially burned in the 2020 Lightning Complex wildfires in California. Using yellow pan traps to target pollinators, we collected arthropods from burned and unburned sites across multiple habitat types including oak woodland, redwood, scrub, chamise, grassland, forest, and serpentine habitats. We found no significant difference in alpha diversity values between burned and unburned sites; instead, seasonal variations played a significant role in arthropod community dynamics, with the emergence of plant species in Spring promoting increased pollinator richness at all sites. When comparing all sites, we found that burn status was not a significant grouping factor. Instead, compositional differences were largely explained by geographic differences, with distinct communities within each reserve. Within a geographic area, the response of arthropods to fire was dependent on habitat type. While communities in grasslands and oak woodlands exhibited recovery following burn, scrublands experienced substantial changes in community composition. Our study highlights the importance of examining community responses to wildfires across broad spatial scales and diverse habitat types. By understanding the nuanced dynamics of arthropod communities in response to fire disturbances, we can develop effective conservation strategies that promote resilience and maintain biodiversity in the face of increasing wildfire frequency and severity driven by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Holmquist
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Center for Comparative Genomics, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - R J Cody Markelz
- Berkeley Institute for Data Science, University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ciera C Martinez
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Berkeley Institute for Data Science, University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Eric and Wendy Schmidt Center for Data Science and Environment, University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Rosemary G Gillespie
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Tyrrell EA, Coates PS, Prochazka BG, Brussee BE, Espinosa SP, Hull JM. Wildfire immediately reduces nest and adult survival of greater sage-grouse. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10970. [PMID: 37414751 PMCID: PMC10326004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wildfire events are becoming more frequent and severe on a global scale. Rising temperatures, prolonged drought, and the presence of pyrophytic invasive grasses are contributing to the degradation of native vegetation communities. Within the Great Basin region of the western U.S., increasing wildfire frequency is transforming the ecosystem toward a higher degree of homogeneity, one dominated by invasive annual grasses and declining landscape productivity. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage-grouse) are a species of conservation concern that rely on large tracts of structurally and functionally diverse sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) communities. Using a 12-year (2008-2019) telemetry dataset, we documented immediate impacts of wildfire on demographic rates of a population of sage-grouse that were exposed to two large wildfire events (Virginia Mountains Fire Complex-2016; Long Valley Fire-2017) near the border of California and Nevada. Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in demographic rates were accounted for using a Before-After Control-Impact Paired Series (BACIPS) study design. Results revealed a 40% reduction in adult survival and a 79% reduction in nest survival within areas impacted by wildfires. Our results indicate that wildfire has strong and immediate impacts to two key life stages of a sagebrush indicator species and underscores the importance of fire suppression and immediate restoration following wildfire events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy A Tyrrell
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of California Davis, 2251 Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Peter S Coates
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA.
| | - Brian G Prochazka
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA
| | - Brianne E Brussee
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA
| | - Shawn P Espinosa
- Nevada Department of Wildlife, 6980 Sierra Center Parkway, Reno, NV, 89511, USA
| | - Joshua M Hull
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of California Davis, 2251 Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Parker NJ, Sullins DS, Haukos DA, Fricke KA, Hagen CA, Ahlers AA. Demographic effects of a megafire on a declining prairie grouse in the mixed‐grass prairie. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9544. [PMCID: PMC9712810 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Parker
- Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Daniel S. Sullins
- Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - David A. Haukos
- U.S. Geological Survey, Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Kent A. Fricke
- Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks Emporia Kansas USA
| | - Christian A. Hagen
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Adam A. Ahlers
- Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
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Roth CL, O'Neil ST, Coates PS, Ricca MA, Pyke DA, Aldridge CL, Heinrichs JA, Espinosa SP, Delehanty DJ. Targeting Sagebrush (Artemisia Spp.) Restoration Following Wildfire with Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus Urophasianus) Nest Selection and Survival Models. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 70:288-306. [PMID: 35687203 PMCID: PMC9252971 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-022-01649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented conservation efforts for sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems across the western United States have been catalyzed by risks from escalated wildfire activity that reduces habitat for sagebrush-obligate species such as Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). However, post-fire restoration is challenged by spatial variation in ecosystem processes influencing resilience to disturbance and resistance to non-native invasive species, and spatial and temporal lags between slower sagebrush recovery processes and faster demographic responses of sage-grouse to loss of important habitat. Decision-support frameworks that account for these factors can help users strategically apply restoration efforts by predicting short and long-term ecological benefits of actions. Here, we developed a framework that strategically targets burned areas for restoration actions (e.g., seeding or planting sagebrush) that have the greatest potential to positively benefit sage-grouse populations through time. Specifically, we estimated sagebrush recovery following wildfire and risk of non-native annual grass invasion under four scenarios: passive recovery, grazing exclusion, active restoration with seeding, and active restoration with seedling transplants. We then applied spatial predictions of integrated nest site selection and survival models before wildfire, immediately following wildfire, and at 30 and 50 years post-wildfire based on each restoration scenario and measured changes in habitat. Application of this framework coupled with strategic planting designs aimed at developing patches of nesting habitat may help increase operational resilience for fire-impacted sagebrush ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cali L Roth
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA
| | - Shawn T O'Neil
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA
| | - Peter S Coates
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA.
| | - Mark A Ricca
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA
| | - David A Pyke
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 777 NW 9th Street, Suite 400, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA
| | - Cameron L Aldridge
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building C, Fort Collins, CO, 80526-8118, USA
| | - Julie A Heinrichs
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, in cooperation with U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Colorado State University, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building C, Fort Collins, CO, 80526-8118, USA
| | - Shawn P Espinosa
- Nevada Department of Wildlife, 6980 Sierra Center Parkway #120, Reno, NV, 89511, USA
| | - David J Delehanty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, USA
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Germino MJ, Anthony CR, Kluender CR, Ellsworth E, Moser AM, Applestein C, Fisk MR. Relationship of greater sage‐grouse to natural and assisted recovery of key vegetation types following wildfire: insights from scat. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Germino
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 970 S. Lusk Street Boise ID 83706
| | - Christopher R. Anthony
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 970 S. Lusk Street Boise ID 83706
| | - Chad R. Kluender
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 970 S. Lusk Street Boise ID 83706
| | - Ethan Ellsworth
- Bureau of Land Management Idaho State Office, 1387 S. Vinnell Way Boise ID 83709
| | - Ann M. Moser
- Idaho Department of Fish and Game 600 S. Walnut, P.O. Box 25 Boise ID 83707
| | - Cara Applestein
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 970 S. Lusk Street Boise ID 83706
| | - Matthew R. Fisk
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 970 S. Lusk Street Boise ID 83706
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