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Ofosu‐Bamfo B, Addo‐Fordjour P, Belford EJ. Edge disturbance shapes liana diversity and abundance but not liana‐tree interaction network patterns in moist semi‐deciduous forests, Ghana. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8585. [PMID: 35371433 PMCID: PMC8859495 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Edge disturbance can drive liana community changes and alter liana‐tree interaction networks, with ramifications for forest functioning. Understanding edge effects on liana community structure and liana‐tree interactions is therefore essential for forest management and conservation. We evaluated the response patterns of liana community structure and liana‐tree interaction structure to forest edge in two moist semi‐deciduous forests in Ghana (Asenanyo and Suhuma Forest Reserves: AFR and SFR, respectively). Liana community structure and liana‐tree interactions were assessed in 24 50 × 50 m randomly located plots in three forest sites (edge, interior and deep‐interior) established at 0–50 m, 200 m and 400 m from edge. Edge effects positively and negatively influenced liana diversity in forest edges of AFR and SFR, respectively. There was a positive influence of edge disturbance on liana abundance in both forests. We observed anti‐nested structure in all the liana‐tree networks in AFR, while no nestedness was observed in the networks in SFR. The networks in both forests were less connected, and thus more modular and specialised than their null models. Many liana and tree species were specialised, with specialisation tending to be symmetrical. The plant species played different roles in relation to modularity. Most of the species acted as peripherals (specialists), with only a few species having structural importance to the networks. The latter species group consisted of connectors (generalists) and hubs (highly connected generalists). Some of the species showed consistency in their roles across the sites, while the roles of other species changed. Generally, liana species co‐occurred randomly on tree species in all the forest sites, except edge site in AFR where lianas showed positive co‐occurrence. Our findings deepen our understanding of the response of liana communities and liana‐tree interactions to forest edge disturbance, which are useful for managing forest edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Ofosu‐Bamfo
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana
| | - Patrick Addo‐Fordjour
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Faculty of Biosciences College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
| | - Ebenezer J.D. Belford
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Faculty of Biosciences College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
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2
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Segar ST, Fayle TM, Srivastava DS, Lewinsohn TM, Lewis OT, Novotny V, Kitching RL, Maunsell SC. The Role of Evolution in Shaping Ecological Networks. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:454-466. [PMID: 32294426 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The structure of ecological networks reflects the evolutionary history of their biotic components, and their dynamics are strongly driven by ecoevolutionary processes. Here, we present an appraisal of recent relevant research, in which the pervasive role of evolution within ecological networks is manifest. Although evolutionary processes are most evident at macroevolutionary scales, they are also important drivers of local network structure and dynamics. We propose components of a blueprint for further research, emphasising process-based models, experimental evolution, and phenotypic variation, across a range of distinct spatial and temporal scales. Evolutionary dimensions are required to advance our understanding of foundational properties of community assembly and to enhance our capability of predicting how networks will respond to impending changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T Segar
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Science, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Department of Crop and Environment Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK.
| | - Tom M Fayle
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Science, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation,Universiti Malaysia Sabah,Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Thomas M Lewinsohn
- Departamento Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-870, São Paulo, Brazil; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin 14193, Germany
| | - Owen T Lewis
- Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Science, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roger L Kitching
- Environmental Futures Research Institute,Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sarah C Maunsell
- Department of Organismic and EvolutionaryBiology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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de Andreazzi CS, Astegiano J, Guimarães PR. Coevolution by different functional mechanisms modulates the structure and dynamics of antagonistic and mutualistic networks. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Siliansky de Andreazzi
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ. de São Paulo (USP), Rua do Matão, 321 – Trav. 14 Cid. Universitária São Paulo CEP 05508‐090 Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Julia Astegiano
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ. de São Paulo (USP), Rua do Matão, 321 – Trav. 14 Cid. Universitária São Paulo CEP 05508‐090 Brazil
- Grupo de Interacciones Ecológicas y Conservación, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Córdoba Argentina
| | - Paulo R. Guimarães
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ. de São Paulo (USP), Rua do Matão, 321 – Trav. 14 Cid. Universitária São Paulo CEP 05508‐090 Brazil
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Ceron K, Oliveira‐Santos LGR, Souza CS, Mesquita DO, Caldas FLS, Araujo AC, Santana DJ. Global patterns in anuran–prey networks: structure mediated by latitude. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Ceron
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Inst. de Biociências, Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária CEP 79002‐970 Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
| | | | - Camila S. Souza
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Inst. de Biociências, Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária CEP 79002‐970 Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
- Campus Centro Politécnico, Depto de Botânica, Univ. Federal do Paraná Curitiba Paraná Brazil
| | - Daniel O. Mesquita
- Depto de Sistemática e Ecologia, Univ. Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária João Pessoa Paraíba Brazil
| | | | - Andréa C. Araujo
- Inst. de Biociências, Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
| | - Diego J. Santana
- Inst. de Biociências, Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
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5
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Valdovinos FS. Mutualistic networks: moving closer to a predictive theory. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:1517-1534. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S. Valdovinos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology & Center for the Study of Complex Systems University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
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6
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Emer C, Galetti M, Pizo MA, Jordano P, Verdú M. Defaunation precipitates the extinction of evolutionarily distinct interactions in the Anthropocene. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav6699. [PMID: 31223648 PMCID: PMC6584213 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav6699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Species on Earth are interconnected with each other through ecological interactions. Defaunation can erode those connections, yet we lack evolutionary predictions about the consequences of losing interactions in human-modified ecosystems. We quantified the fate of the evolutionary history of avian-seed dispersal interactions across tropical forest fragments by combining the evolutionary distinctness of the pairwise-partner species, a proxy to their unique functional features. Both large-seeded plant and large-bodied bird species showed the highest evolutionary distinctness. We estimate a loss of 3.5 to 4.7 × 104 million years of cumulative evolutionary history of interactions due to defaunation. Bird-driven local extinctions mainly erode the most evolutionarily distinct interactions. However, the persistence of less evolutionarily distinct bird species in defaunated areas exerts a phylogenetic rescue effect through seed dispersal of evolutionarily distinct plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Emer
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Galetti
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco A. Pizo
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Jordano
- Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EBD-CSIC), Av. Américo Vespucio 26, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel Verdú
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UVEG-GV), Apdo Oficial, E-46113 Valencia, Spain
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Lomáscolo SB, Giannini N, Chacoff NP, Castro‐Urgal R, Vázquez DP. Inferring coevolution in a plant–pollinator network. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia B. Lomáscolo
- Inst. Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas, CCT CONICET Mendoza Argentina
- Inst. de Ecología Regional, CONICET‐Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Residencia Universitaria Horco Molle, CC 34, 4107 Yerba Buena Tucumán Argentina
| | - Norberto Giannini
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e I. M. L., Univ. Nacional de Tucumán Tucumán Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, CONICET‐Fundación Miguel Lillo Tucumán Argentina
| | - Natacha P. Chacoff
- Inst. Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas, CCT CONICET Mendoza Argentina
- Inst. de Ecología Regional, CONICET‐Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Residencia Universitaria Horco Molle, CC 34, 4107 Yerba Buena Tucumán Argentina
| | - Rocío Castro‐Urgal
- Inst. Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB), Esporles, Mallorca Balearic Islands Spain
| | - Diego P. Vázquez
- Inst. Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas, CCT CONICET Mendoza Argentina
- Freiburg Inst. for Advanced Studies, Univ. of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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Abstract
Ecological interactions shape adaptations through coevolution not only between pairs of species but also through entire multispecies assemblages. Local coevolution can then be further altered through spatial processes that have been formally partitioned in the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution. A major current challenge is to understand the spatial patterns of coadaptation that emerge across ecosystems through the interplay between gene flow and selection in networks of interacting species. Here, we combine a coevolutionary model, network theory, and empirical information on species interactions to investigate how gene flow and geographical variation in selection affect trait patterns in mutualistic networks. We show that gene flow has the surprising effect of favoring trait matching, especially among generalist species in species-rich networks typical of pollination and seed dispersal interactions. Using an analytical approximation of our model, we demonstrate that gene flow promotes trait matching by making the adaptive landscapes of different species more similar to each other. We use this result to show that the progressive loss of gene flow associated with habitat fragmentation may undermine coadaptation in mutualisms. Our results therefore provide predictions of how spatial processes shape the evolution of species-rich interactions and how the widespread fragmentation of natural landscapes may modify the coevolutionary process.
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Maynard DS, Serván CA, Allesina S. Network spandrels reflect ecological assembly. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:324-334. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Maynard
- Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Chicago 1101 E. 57th Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Carlos A. Serván
- Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Chicago 1101 E. 57th Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Stefano Allesina
- Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Chicago 1101 E. 57th Chicago IL 60637 USA
- Computation Institute University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Ave Chicago IL 60637 USA
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems Northwestern University 600 Foster St Evanston IL 60208 USA
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10
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Poisot T, Stouffer DB. Interactions retain the co-phylogenetic matching that communities lost. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Poisot
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury; Christchurch New Zealand
- Dépt de Sciences Biologiques; Univ. de Montréal; Montréal Canada
| | - Daniel B. Stouffer
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury; Christchurch New Zealand
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