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Pan Y, Li F, Lin W, Zhou Y, Song X. Quantifying isotope parameters associated with carbonyl-water oxygen exchange during sucrose translocation in tree phloem. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:975-987. [PMID: 38439696 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Stable oxygen isotope ratio of tree-ring α-cellulose (δ18Ocel) yields valuable information on many aspects of tree-climate interactions. However, our current understanding of the mechanistic controls on δ18Ocel is incomplete, with a knowledge gap existent regarding the fractionation effect characterizing carbonyl-water oxygen exchange during sucrose translocation from leaf to phloem. To address this insufficiency, we set up an experimental system integrating a vapor 18O-labeling feature to manipulate leaf-level isotopic signatures in tree saplings enclosed within whole-canopy gas-exchange cuvettes. We applied this experimental system to three different tree species to determine their respective relationships between 18O enrichment of sucrose in leaf lamina (Δ18Ol_suc) and petiole phloem (Δ18Ophl_suc) under environmentally/physiologically stable conditions. Based on the determined Δ18Ophl_suc-Δ18Ol_suc relationships, we estimated that on average, at least 25% of the oxygen atoms in sucrose undergo isotopic exchange with water along the leaf-to-phloem translocation path and that the biochemical fractionation factor accounting for such exchange is c. 34‰, markedly higher than the conventionally assumed value of 27‰. Our study represents a significant step toward quantitative elucidation of the oxygen isotope dynamics during sucrose translocation in trees. This has important implications with respect to improving the δ18Ocel model and its related applications in paleoclimatic and ecophysiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Pan
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Fang Li
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Huzhou Vocational & Technical College, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Wen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Youping Zhou
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Song
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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Salekin S, Dickinson YL, Bloomberg M, Meason DF. Carbon sequestration potential of plantation forests in New Zealand - no single tree species is universally best. CARBON BALANCE AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 19:11. [PMID: 38580837 PMCID: PMC10998325 DOI: 10.1186/s13021-024-00257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plantation forests are a nature-based solution to sequester atmospheric carbon and, therefore, mitigate anthropogenic climate change. The choice of tree species for afforestation is subject to debate within New Zealand. Two key issues are whether to use (1) exotic plantation species versus indigenous forest species and (2) fast growing short-rotation species versus slower growing species. In addition, there is a lack of scientific knowledge about the carbon sequestration capabilities of different plantation tree species, which hinders the choice of species for optimal carbon sequestration. We contribute to this discussion by simulating carbon sequestration of five plantation forest species, Pinus radiata, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Eucalyptus fastigata, Sequoia sempervirens and Podocarpus totara, across three sites and two silvicultural regimes by using the 3-PG an ecophysiological model. RESULTS The model simulations showed that carbon sequestration potential varies among the species, sites and silvicultural regimes. Indigenous Podocarpus totara or exotic Sequoia sempervirens can provide plausible options for long-term carbon sequestration. In contrast, short term rapid carbon sequestration can be obtained by planting exotic Pinus radiata, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Eucalyptus fastigata. CONCLUSION No single species was universally better at sequestering carbon on all sites we tested. In general, the results of this study suggest a robust framework for ranking and testing candidate afforestation species with regard to carbon sequestration potential at a given site. Hence, this study could help towards more efficient decision-making for carbon forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serajis Salekin
- Scion Research Ltd. (New Zealand Forest Research Institute), Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand.
| | - Yvette L Dickinson
- Scion Research Ltd. (New Zealand Forest Research Institute), Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand
| | - Mark Bloomberg
- New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
| | - Dean F Meason
- Scion Research Ltd. (New Zealand Forest Research Institute), Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand
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Yin Y, Zhou YB, Li H, Zhang SZ, Fang Y, Zhang YJ, Zou X. Linking tree water use efficiency with calcium and precipitation. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:2419-2431. [PMID: 35708583 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water use efficiency (WUE) is a key physiological trait in studying plant carbon and water relations. However, the determinants of WUE across a large geographical scale are not always clear, limiting our capacity to predict WUE in response to future global climate change. We propose that tree WUE is influenced by calcium (Ca) availability and precipitation. In addition, although it is well-known that transpiration is the major driving force for passive nutrient uptake, the linkage between these two processes has not been well-established. Because Ca uptake is an apoplastic and passive process that purely relies on transpiration, and there is no translocation once assimilated, we further developed a theoretical model to quantify the relationship between tree Ca accumulation and WUE using soil-to-plant calcium ratio (SCa/BCa) and tree WUE derived from δ13C. We tested our theoretical model and predicted relationships using three common tree species across their native habitats in Northern China, spanning 2300 km and a controlled greenhouse experiment with soil Ca concentrations manipulated. We found that tree WUE was negatively related to precipitation of the growing season (GSP) and positively with soil Ca. A multiple regression model and a path analysis suggested a higher contribution of soil Ca to WUE than GSP. As predicted by our theoretical model, we found a positive relationship between WUE and SCa/BCa across their distribution ranges in all three tree species and in the controlled experiment for one selected species. This relationship suggests a tight coupling between water and Ca uptake and the potential use of SCa/BCa to indicate WUE. A negative relationship between SCa/BCa and GSP also suggests a possible decrease in tree Ca accumulation efficiency in a drier future in Northern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yin
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Modern Agricultural Research, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116622, China
| | - Hui Li
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Song-Zhu Zhang
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yunting Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shengyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Ecology, the University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 70377, San Juan, PR 00936-8377, USA
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Quadri P, Silva LCR, Zavaleta ES. Climate-induced reversal of tree growth patterns at a tropical treeline. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/22/eabb7572. [PMID: 34039595 PMCID: PMC8153731 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb7572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, cold-limited trees and forests are expected to experience growth acceleration as a direct response to warming temperatures. However, thresholds of temperature limitation may vary substantially with local environmental conditions, leading to heterogeneous responses in tree ecophysiology. We used dendroecological and isotopic methods to quantify shifting tree growth and resource use over the past 143 years across topographic aspects in a high-elevation forest of central Mexico. Trees on south-facing slopes (SFS) grew faster than those on north-facing slopes (NFS) until the mid-20th century, when this pattern reversed notably with marked growth rate declines on SFS and increases on NFS. Stable isotopes of carbon, oxygen, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios suggest that this reversal is linked to interactions between CO2 stimulation of photosynthesis and water or nitrogen limitation. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating landscape processes and habitat heterogeneity in predictions of tree growth responses to global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Quadri
- Sky Island Alliance, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
- University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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Keen RM, Voelker SL, Bentz BJ, Wang SYS, Ferrell R. Stronger influence of growth rate than severity of drought stress on mortality of large ponderosa pines during the 2012-2015 California drought. Oecologia 2020; 194:359-370. [PMID: 33030569 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Forests in the western United States are being subject to more frequent and severe drought events as the climate warms. The 2012-2015 California drought is a recent example, whereby drought stress was exacerbated by a landscape-scale outbreak of western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis) and resulted in widespread mortality of dominant canopy species including ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa). In this study, we compared pairs of large surviving and beetle-killed ponderosa pines following the California drought in the southern Sierra Nevadas to evaluate physiological characteristics related to survival. Inter-annual growth rates and tree-ring stable isotopes (∆13C and δ18O) were utilized to compare severity of drought stress and climate sensitivity in ponderosa pines that survived and those that were killed by western pine beetle. Compared to beetle-killed trees, surviving trees had higher growth rates and grew in plots with lower ponderosa pine basal area. However, there were no detectable differences in tree-ring ∆13C, δ18O, or stable isotope sensitivity to drought-related meteorological variables. These results indicate that differences in severity of drought stress had little influence on local, inter-tree differences in growth rate and survival of large ponderosa pines during this drought event. Many previous studies have shown that large trees are more likely to be attacked and killed by bark beetles compared to small trees. Our results further suggest that among large ponderosa pines, those that were more resistant to drought stress and bark beetle attacks were in the upper echelon of growth rates among trees within a stand and across the landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Keen
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
| | - Steve L Voelker
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Barbara J Bentz
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Logan, UT, USA
| | - S-Y Simon Wang
- Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
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Ulrich DEM, Still C, Brooks JR, Kim Y, Meinzer FC. Investigating old-growth ponderosa pine physiology using tree-rings, δ 13 C, δ 18 O, and a process-based model. Ecology 2019; 100:e02656. [PMID: 30756385 PMCID: PMC6645703 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In dealing with predicted changes in environmental conditions outside those experienced today, forest managers and researchers rely on process-based models to inform physiological processes and predict future forest growth responses. The carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of tree-ring cellulose (δ13 Ccell , δ18 Ocell ) reveal long-term, integrated physiological responses to environmental conditions. We incorporated a submodel of δ18 Ocell into the widely used Physiological Principles in Predicting Growth (3-PG) model for the first time, to complement a recently added δ13 Ccell submodel. We parameterized the model using previously reported stand characteristics and long-term trajectories of tree-ring growth, δ13 Ccell , and δ18 Ocell collected from the Metolius AmeriFlux site in central Oregon (upland trees). We then applied the parameterized model to a nearby set of riparian trees to investigate the physiological drivers of differences in observed basal area increment (BAI) and δ13 Ccell trajectories between upland and riparian trees. The model showed that greater available soil water and maximum canopy conductance likely explain the greater observed BAI and lower δ13 Ccell of riparian trees. Unexpectedly, both observed and simulated δ18 Ocell trajectories did not differ between the upland and riparian trees, likely due to similar δ18 O of source water isotope composition. The δ18 Ocell submodel with a Peclet effect improved model estimates of δ18 Ocell because its calculation utilizes 3-PG growth and allocation processes. Because simulated stand-level transpiration (E) is used in the δ18 O submodel, aspects of leaf-level anatomy such as the effective path length for transport of water from the xylem to the sites of evaporation could be estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E. M. Ulrich
- Bioscience DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryP.O. Box 1663 MS M888Los AlamosNew Mexico87545USA
| | - Christopher Still
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and SocietyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon97331USA
| | - J. Renée Brooks
- Western Ecology DivisionUS EPA/NHEERLCorvallisOregon97331USA
| | - Youngil Kim
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and SocietyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon97331USA
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