1
|
Wang X, Ye Z, Zhang C, Wei X. Effect of Plateau pika on Soil Microbial Assembly Process and Co-Occurrence Patterns in the Alpine Meadow Ecosystem. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1075. [PMID: 38930457 PMCID: PMC11205797 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Burrowing animals are a critical driver of terrestrial ecosystem functioning, but we know little about their effects on soil microbiomes. Here, we evaluated the effect of burrowing animals on microbial assembly processes and co-occurrence patterns using soil microbiota from a group of habitats disturbed by Plateau pikas (Ochtona curzoniae). Pika disturbance had different impacts on bacterial and fungal communities. Fungal diversity generally increased with patch area, whereas bacterial diversity decreased. These strikingly different species-area relationships were closely associated with their community assembly mechanisms. The loss of bacterial diversity on larger patches was largely driven by deterministic processes, mainly due to the decline of nutrient supply (e.g., organic C, inorganic N). In contrast, fungal distribution was driven primarily by stochastic processes that dispersal limitation contributed to their higher fungal diversity on lager patches. A bacterial co-occurrence network exhibited a positive relationship of nodes and linkage numbers with patch area, and the fungal network presented a positive modularity-area relationship, suggesting that bacteria tended to form a closer association community under pika disturbance, while fungi tended to construct a higher modularity network. Our results suggest that pikas affects the microbial assembly process and co-occurrence patterns in alpine environments, thereby enhancing the current understanding of microbial biogeography under natural disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Qiangtang Alpine Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China
| | - Zhencheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.Y.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.Y.); (C.Z.)
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xuehong Wei
- Qiangtang Alpine Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Y, Zhang W, Liu W, He D, Wan W. Irreversible community difference between bacterioplankton generalists and specialists in response to lake dredging. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120344. [PMID: 37482008 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding response of bacterioplankton community responsible for maintaining ecological functions of aquatic ecosystems to environmental disturbance is an important subject. However, it remains largely unclear how bacterioplankton generalists and specialists respond to dredging disturbance. Illumina MiSeq sequencing and statistical analyses were used to evaluate landscape patterns, evolutionary potentials, environmental adaptability, and community assembly processes of generalists and specialists in response to dredging in eutrophic Lake Nanhu. The Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated bacterioplankton communities of generalists and specialists, and abundances of Proteobacteria decreased and Actinobacteria increased after dredging. The generalists displayed higher phylogenetic distance, richness difference, speciation rate, extinction rate, and diversification rate as well as stronger environmental adaptation than that of specialists. In contrast, the specialists rather than generalists showed higher community diversity, taxonomic distance, and species replacement as well as closer phylogenetic clustering. Stochastic processes dominated community assemblies of generalists and specialists, and stochasticity exhibited a larger effect on community assembly of generalists rather than specialists. Our results emphasized that lake dredging could change landscape patterns of bacterioplankton generalists and specialists, whereas the short-term dredging conducted within one year was unable to reverse community difference between generalists and specialists. Our findings extend our understanding of how bacterioplankton generalists and specialists responding to dredging disturbance, and these findings might in turn call on long-term dredging for better ecological restoration of eutrophic lakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Donglan He
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenjie Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jones LR, Johnson SA, Hudson CM, Zollner PA, Swihart RK. Habitat selection in a recovering bobcat (Lynx rufus) population. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269258. [PMID: 35914005 PMCID: PMC9342758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding habitat selection of top predators is critical to predict their impacts on ecological communities and interactions with humans, particularly in recovering populations. We analyzed habitat selection in a recovering population of bobcats (Lynx rufus) in south-central Indiana using a Random Forest model. We predicted that bobcats would select forest habitat and forest edges but avoid agriculture to maximize encounters with prey species. We also predicted that bobcats would avoid developed areas and roads to minimize potential antagonistic interactions with humans. Results partially supported our predictions and were consistent with bobcats in the early stages of population expansion. Bobcats exhibited elevated use near forest edges, thresholds of avoidance near agriculture, and thresholds of selection for low and intermediate habitat heterogeneity. Bobcats exhibited peak probability of use 1–3 km from major roads, >800 m from minor roads, and <1km from developed areas, suggesting tradeoffs in reward for high-quality hunting areas and mortality risk. Our Random Forest model highlighted complex non-linear patterns and revealed that most shifts in habitat use occurred within 1 km of the edge of each habitat type. These results largely supported previous studies in the Midwest and across North America but also produced refinements of bobcat habitat use in our system, particularly at habitat boundaries. Refined models of habitat selection by carnivores enable improved prediction of the most suitable habitat for recovering populations and provides useful information for conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Landon R. Jones
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Scott A. Johnson
- Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Cassie M. Hudson
- Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Patrick A. Zollner
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Robert K. Swihart
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Toscano BJ, Pulcini D, Costa-Pereira R, Newsome WB, Griffen BD. Polymorphism promotes edge utilization by marsh crabs. Oecologia 2022; 198:1031-1042. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
5
|
Peng D, Montelongo DC, Wu L, Armitage AR, Kominoski JS, Pennings SC. A hurricane alters the relationship between mangrove cover and marine subsidies. Ecology 2022; 103:e3662. [PMID: 35157321 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As global change alters the composition and productivity of ecosystems, the importance of subsidies from one habitat to another may change. We experimentally manipulated black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) cover in ten large plots and over five years (2014-2019) quantifying the effects of mangrove cover on subsidies of floating organic material (wrack) into coastal wetlands. As mangrove cover increased from zero to 100%, wrack cover and thickness decreased by ~60%, the distance that wrack penetrated into the plots decreased by ~70%, and the percentage of the wrack trapped in the first six m of the plot tripled. These patterns observed during four "normal" years disappeared in a fifth year following Hurricane Harvey (2017), when large quantities of wrack were pushed far into the interior of all the plots, regardless of mangrove cover. Prior to the storm, the abundance of animals collected in grab samples increased with wrack biomass. Wrack composition did not affect animal abundance or composition. Experimental outplants of two types of wrack (red algae and seagrass) revealed that animal abundance and species composition varied between the fringe and interior of the plots, and between microhabitats dominated by salt marsh versus mangrove vegetation. The importance of wrack to overall carbon stocks varied as a function of autochthonous productivity: wrack inputs (per m2 ) based on survey data were greater than aboveground plant biomass in the plots (42 × 24 m) dominated by salt marsh vegetation, but decreased to 5% of total aboveground biomass in plots dominated by mangroves. Our results illustrate that increasing mangrove cover decreases the relative importance of marine subsidies into the intertidal at the plot level, but concentrates subsidies at the front edge of the mangrove stand. Storms, however, may temporarily override mangrove attenuation of wrack inputs. Our results highlight the importance of understanding how changes in plant species composition due to global change will impact marine subsidies and exchanges among ecosystems, and foster a broader understanding of the functional interdependence of adjacent habitats within coastal ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Peng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Denise C Montelongo
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA.,Current address: Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leslie Wu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna R Armitage
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - John S Kominoski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Steven C Pennings
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Smaller and Isolated Grassland Fragments Are Exposed to Stronger Seed and Insect Predation in Habitat Edges. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation threatens terrestrial arthropod biodiversity, and thereby also leads to alterations of ecosystem functioning and stability. Predation on insects and seeds by arthropods are two very important ecological functions because of their community-structuring effects. We addressed the effect of fragment connectivity, fragment size, and edge effect on insect and seed predation of arthropods. We studied 60 natural fragments of two grassland ecosystems in the same region (Hungarian Great Plain), 30 forest-steppes, and 30 burial mounds (kurgans). The size of fragments were in the range of 0.16–6.88 ha for forest-steppe and 0.01–0.44 ha for kurgan. We used 2400 sentinel arthropod preys (dummy caterpillars) and 4800 seeds in trays for the measurements. Attack marks on dummy caterpillars were used for predator identification and calculation of insect predation rates. In the case of seeds, predation rates were calculated as the number of missing or damaged seeds per total number of exposed seeds. Increasing connectivity played a role only in generally small kurgans, with a negative effect on insect and seed predation rates in the edges. In contrast, fragment size moderated edge effects on insect and seed predation rates in generally large forest-steppes. The difference between edges and centres was more pronounced in small than in large fragments. Our study emphasizes the important role of landscape and fragment-scale factors interacting with edge effect in shaping ecosystem functions in natural grassland fragments of modified landscapes. Managing functional landscapes to optimize the assessment of ecosystem functions and services needs a multispatial scale approach.
Collapse
|
7
|
Behney AC. Ignoring uncertainty in predictor variables leads to false confidence in results: a case study of duck habitat use. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Behney
- Avian Research Section Colorado Parks and Wildlife 317 W Prospect Road Fort Collins Colorado80526USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Predator population size structure alters consumption of prey from epigeic and grazing food webs. Oecologia 2020; 192:791-799. [PMID: 32086561 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have found that predators can suppress prey densities and thereby impact important ecosystem processes such as plant productivity and decomposition. However, prey suppression by spiders can be highly variable. Unlike predators that feed on prey within a single energy channel, spiders often consume prey from asynchronous energy channels, such as grazing (live plant) and epigeic (soil surface) channels. Spiders undergo few life cycle changes and thus appear to be ideally suited to link energy channels, but ontogenetic diet shifts in spiders have received little attention. For example, spider use of different food channels may be highly specialized in different life stages and thus a species may be a multichannel omnivore only when we consider all life stages. Using stable isotopes, we investigated whether wolf spider (Pardosa littoralis, henceforth Pardosa) prey consumption is driven by changes in spider size. Small spiders obtained > 80% of their prey from the epigeic channel, whereas larger spiders used grazing and epigeic prey almost equally. Changes in prey consumption were not driven by changes in prey density, but by changes in prey use by different spider size classes. Thus, because the population size structure of Pardosa changes dramatically over the growing season, changes in spider size may have important implications for the strength of trophic cascades. Our research demonstrates that life history can be an important component of predator diet, which may in turn affect community- and ecosystem-level processes.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wimp GM, Lewis D, Murphy SM. Impacts of Nutrient Subsidies on Salt Marsh Arthropod Food Webs: A Latitudinal Survey. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|