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Cimini J, Asnaghi V, Chiantore M, Kaleb S, Onida A, Falace A. Can thermal anomalies impair the restoration of Cystoseira s.l. forests? MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106537. [PMID: 38728798 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Marine macroalgal forests are facing unprecedented challenges worldwide due to the accelerating impacts of climate change. These ecosystems play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, coastal ecosystem functions and services, and are indeed object of several conservation and restoration measures. The Mediterranean Sea is warming faster than the oceans and thermal anomalies are occurring with increasing intensity, frequency and duration. Along the Mediterranean coasts, Cystoseira sensu lato species are the main representatives of macroalgal forests and their decline has been widely documented. Some relevant achievements in the implementation of ecological restoration have been obtained, but rising temperatures and the occurrence of thermal anomalies increasingly threaten the success of these restoration attempts. In the summer of 2022, ex-situ restoration actions of Ericaria amentacea were carried out by collecting fertile material from three donor sites of the Italian coasts along a latitudinal gradient, during the period of sexual maturity (June/July). Noteworthy during the summer of 2022, anomalous thermal conditions were recorded at the donor sites, with sea surface temperatures exceeding the climatological mean up to 4.3 °C and heatwaves lasting up to 78 days. Our results suggest that these thermal anomalies may have affected the culture of the embryos in both the pre- and post-zygotic phases, resulting in significantly low culture efficiency at the three donor sites. The reproductive structures showed some abnormalities, fertilization of eggs was lower and embryo growth was slower, resulting in lower percent cover of seedlings on the tiles and lower survival rate. The observations underscore the vulnerability of Mediterranean algal forests to global change and highlight additional challenges for their restoration due to the increasing frequency and severity of thermal anomalies, emphasizing the need for adaptive strategies and a comprehensive understanding of the species in a changing climate. Marine forest restoration requires long lasting projects, to allow for long-term monitoring and better understanding the biology of the species and for mitigating stochastic events that can cause the temporary failure of efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Cimini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Asnaghi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Mariachiara Chiantore
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | - Sara Kaleb
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Onida
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
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2
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Lokovšek A, Pitacco V, Trkov D, Zamuda LL, Falace A, Orlando-Bonaca M. Keep It Simple: Improving the Ex Situ Culture of Cystoseira s.l. to Restore Macroalgal Forests. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2615. [PMID: 37514229 PMCID: PMC10386143 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Brown algae from genus Cystoseira s.l. form dense underwater forests that represent the most productive areas in the Mediterranean Sea. Due to the combined effects of global and local stressors such as climate change, urbanization, and herbivore outbreaks, there has been a severe decline in brown algal forests in the Mediterranean Sea. Natural recovery of depleted sites is unlikely due to the low dispersal capacity of these species, and efficient techniques to restore such habitats are needed. In this context, the aims of our study were (1) to improve and simplify the current ex situ laboratory protocol for the cultivation of Gongolaria barbata by testing the feasibility of some cost-effective and time-efficient techniques on two donor sites of G. barbata and (2) to evaluate the survival and growth of young thalli during the laboratory phase and during the most critical five months after out-planting. Specifically, the following ex situ cultivation methods were tested: (A) cultivation on clay tiles in mesocosms with culture water prepared by three different procedures (a) filtered seawater with a 0.22 μm filter membrane, (b) filtered seawater with a 0.7 μm filter membrane (GF), and (c) UV-sterilized water, and (B) cultivation on clay tiles in open laboratory systems. After two weeks, all thalli were fixed to plastic lantern net baskets suspended at a depth of 2 m in the coastal sea (hybrid method), and the algal success was monitored in relation to the different donor sites and cultivation protocol. The satisfactory results of this study indicate that UV-sterilized water is suitable for the cultivation of G. barbata in mesocosm, which significantly reduces the cost of the laboratory phase. This opens the possibility of numerous and frequent algal cultures during the reproductive period of the species. Additionally, if the young thalli remain in the lantern net baskets for an extended period of several months, they can grow significantly in the marine environment without being exposed to pressure from herbivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lokovšek
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentina Pitacco
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Domen Trkov
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Leon Lojze Zamuda
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina Orlando-Bonaca
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
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Rendina F, Falace A, Alongi G, Buia MC, Neiva J, Appolloni L, Marletta G, Russo GF. The Lush Fucales Underwater Forests off the Cilento Coast: An Overlooked Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1497. [PMID: 37050123 PMCID: PMC10096796 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fucales (Phaeophyceae) are ecosystem engineers and forest-forming macroalgae whose populations are declining dramatically. In the Mediterranean Sea, Cystoseira sensu lato (s.l.)-encompassing the genera Cystoseira sensu stricto, Ericaria, and Gongolaria-is the most diverse group, and many species have been shown to be locally extinct in many areas, resulting in a shift toward structurally less complex habitats with the consequent loss of ecosystem functions and services. In this study, we report on the extensive occurrence of healthy and dense marine forests formed by Fucales in the Santa Maria di Castellabate Marine Protected Area in Cilento, Italy (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean). On a total area of 129.45 ha, 10 Cystoseira s.l. taxa were detected using a combined morphological and molecular approach, with an average cover of more than 70%. One of these taxa has been sequenced for the first time. These findings underline the high ecological value of this area as a hotspot of benthic biodiversity and highlight the importance of marine protected area management and regional monitoring programs to ensure the conservation of these valuable yet fragile coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Rendina
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- CoNISMa National Inter University Consortium for Marine Sciences, 00196 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Alongi
- CoNISMa National Inter University Consortium for Marine Sciences, 00196 Roma, Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | | | - João Neiva
- Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve (CCMAR), University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Luca Appolloni
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Marletta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fulvio Russo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80143 Naples, Italy
- CoNISMa National Inter University Consortium for Marine Sciences, 00196 Roma, Italy
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Monserrat M, Comeau S, Verdura J, Alliouane S, Spennato G, Priouzeau F, Romero G, Mangialajo L. Climate change and species facilitation affect the recruitment of macroalgal marine forests. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18103. [PMID: 36302874 PMCID: PMC9613703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine forests are shrinking globally due to several anthropogenic impacts including climate change. Forest-forming macroalgae, such as Cystoseira s.l. species, can be particularly sensitive to environmental conditions (e.g. temperature increase, pollution or sedimentation), especially during early life stages. However, not much is known about their response to the interactive effects of ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA). These drivers can also affect the performance and survival of crustose coralline algae, which are associated understory species likely playing a role in the recruitment of later successional species such as forest-forming macroalgae. We tested the interactive effects of elevated temperature, low pH and species facilitation on the recruitment of Cystoseira compressa. We demonstrate that the interactive effects of OW and OA negatively affect the recruitment of C. compressa and its associated coralline algae Neogoniolithon brassica-florida. The density of recruits was lower under the combinations OW and OA, while the size was negatively affected by the temperature increase but positively affected by the low pH. The results from this study show that the interactive effects of climate change and the presence of crustose coralline algae can have a negative impact on the recruitment of Cystoseira s.l. species. While new restoration techniques recently opened the door to marine forest restoration, our results show that the interactions of multiple drivers and species interactions have to be considered to achieve long-term population sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Monserrat
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France ,grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Steeve Comeau
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Jana Verdura
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - Samir Alliouane
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Guillaume Spennato
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - Fabrice Priouzeau
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - Gilbers Romero
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - Luisa Mangialajo
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France
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5
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Orlando-Bonaca M, Trkov D, Klun K, Pitacco V. Diversity of Molluscan Assemblage in Relation to Biotic and Abiotic Variables in Brown Algal Forests. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162131. [PMID: 36015433 PMCID: PMC9415959 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Canopy-forming macroalgae, mainly those belonging to the order Fucales, form the so-called brown algal forests, which are among the most productive assemblages in shallow coastal zones. Their vertical, branching canopies increase nearshore primary production, provide nursery areas for juvenile fish, and sustain understory assemblages of smaller algae and both sessile and vagile fauna. The majority of benthic invertebrates inhabiting these forests have larval stages that spend some time floating freely or swimming in the plankton. Therefore, canopy-forming macroalgae play an important role as species collectors related to larval supply and hydrodynamic processes. During the past several decades, brown algal forests have significantly reduced their extension and coverage in the Mediterranean basin, due to multiple interacting natural and anthropogenic pressures, with negative consequences also for the related fauna. The aim of this research was to examine how differences in macrophyte abundance and structure, as well as environmental variables, affect the associated molluscan communities in the shallow northern Adriatic Sea. Sampling sites with well-developed vegetation cover dominated by different canopy-forming species were selected in the shallow infralittoral belt of the northern Adriatic Sea in the spring–summer period of the years 2019 and 2020. Our results confirm the importance of algal forests for molluscan assemblage, with a total of 68 taxa of molluscs found associated with macrophytes. Gastropods showed the highest richness and abundance, followed by bivalves. Mollusc richness and diversity (in terms of biotic indices) were not related with the degree of development of canopy-forming species (in terms of total cover and total volume), nor with the ecological status of benthic macroalgae at different depths. On the contrary, the variability in molluscan taxa abundances was explained by some environmental variables, such as temperature, pH, light, and nitrates concentration.
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Tamburello L, Chiarore A, Fabbrizzi E, Colletti A, Franzitta G, Grech D, Rindi F, Rizzo L, Savinelli B, Fraschetti S. Can we preserve and restore overlooked macroalgal forests? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150855. [PMID: 34678362 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Habitat degradation and loss are severely affecting macroalgal forests worldwide, and their successful mitigation depends on the identification of the drivers of loss and the implementation of effective conservation and restoration actions. We made an extensive literature review 1- to document the historical (1789-1999) and recent (2000-2020) occurrence of the genus Cystoseira, Ericaria and Gongolaria reported in the literature along the 8000 km of the coasts of Italy, 2- to assess their decline and patterns of extinction, 3- to ascertain the drivers responsible for these changes, 4- to highlight the existence of success stories in their conservation and natural recovery. In the last twenty years, overall information on the distribution of Cystoseira s.l. exponentially increased, although research focused almost exclusively on intertidal reefs. Despite the lack of systematic monitoring programs, the local extinction of 371 populations of 19 different species of Cystoseira s.l. was documented across several regions, since 2000. Coastal engineering and poor quality of waters due to urban, agricultural or industrial activities were often documented as leading causes of habitat loss. However, the drivers of extinction were actually unknown for the majority of the populations and cause-effects relationships are scarcely documented. Although the proportion of protected populations increased to 77.8%, Marine Protected Areas are unlikely to guarantee adequate conservation efficacy, possibly also for the widespread lack of management and monitoring plans dealing specifically with Cystoseira s.l. species, and few evidences of natural recovery were observed. Our review shows the dramatic lack of baseline information for macroalgal forests, highlighting the urgent need for the monitoring of less accessible habitats, the collection of long-term data to unveil drivers of loss, and an updated reporting about the conservation status of the species of interest to plan future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tamburello
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, Ischia, NA, Italy.
| | - Antonia Chiarore
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Erika Fabbrizzi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, Ischia, NA, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Colletti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Franzitta
- Department of Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources (RIMAR), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniele Grech
- IMC - International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, Torre Grande, 09170 Oristano, Italy
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Rizzo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, Ischia, NA, Italy
| | | | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, Ischia, NA, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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7
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Bevilacqua S, Airoldi L, Ballesteros E, Benedetti-Cecchi L, Boero F, Bulleri F, Cebrian E, Cerrano C, Claudet J, Colloca F, Coppari M, Di Franco A, Fraschetti S, Garrabou J, Guarnieri G, Guerranti C, Guidetti P, Halpern BS, Katsanevakis S, Mangano MC, Micheli F, Milazzo M, Pusceddu A, Renzi M, Rilov G, Sarà G, Terlizzi A. Mediterranean rocky reefs in the Anthropocene: Present status and future concerns. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2021; 89:1-51. [PMID: 34583814 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global change is striking harder and faster in the Mediterranean Sea than elsewhere, where high levels of human pressure and proneness to climate change interact in modifying the structure and disrupting regulative mechanisms of marine ecosystems. Rocky reefs are particularly exposed to such environmental changes with ongoing trends of degradation being impressive. Due to the variety of habitat types and associated marine biodiversity, rocky reefs are critical for the functioning of marine ecosystems, and their decline could profoundly affect the provision of essential goods and services which human populations in coastal areas rely upon. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of the status of rocky reefs, trends in human-driven changes undermining their integrity, and current and upcoming management and conservation strategies, attempting a projection on what could be the future of this essential component of Mediterranean marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislao Bevilacqua
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Airoldi
- Stazione Idrobiologica di Chioggia "Umberto D'Ancona", Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | | | - Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Boero
- Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy; National Research Council, Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Bulleri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emma Cebrian
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes-CSIC, Girona, Spain
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Joachim Claudet
- National Center for Scientific Research, PSL Université Paris, CRIOBE, USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, Maison des Océans, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Colloca
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn-National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Coppari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Franco
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Joaquim Garrabou
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Guarnieri
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Guidetti
- National Research Council, Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), Genoa, Italy; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn-National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Benjamin S Halpern
- National Center for Ecological Analysis & Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | | | - Maria Cristina Mangano
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Micheli
- Hopkins Marine Station and Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, United States
| | - Marco Milazzo
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pusceddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Monia Renzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy
| | - Gil Rilov
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gianluca Sarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Terlizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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8
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Iwaniec DM, Gooseff M, Suding KN, Samuel Johnson D, Reed DC, Peters DPC, Adams B, Barrett JE, Bestelmeyer BT, Castorani MCN, Cook EM, Davidson MJ, Groffman PM, Hanan NP, Huenneke LF, Johnson PTJ, McKnight DM, Miller RJ, Okin GS, Preston DL, Rassweiler A, Ray C, Sala OE, Schooley RL, Seastedt T, Spasojevic MJ, Vivoni ER. Connectivity: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Iwaniec
- Urban Studies Institute Andrew Young School of Policy Studies Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia30303USA
| | - Michael Gooseff
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder Colorado80309USA
| | - Katharine N. Suding
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder Colorado80309USA
| | - David Samuel Johnson
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science William & Mary Gloucester Point Virginia23062USA
| | - Daniel C. Reed
- Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara California93106USA
| | - Debra P. C. Peters
- US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Jornada Experimental Range Unit Las Cruces New Mexico88003‐0003USA
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
| | - Byron Adams
- Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Museum Brigham Young University Provo Utah84602USA
| | - John E. Barrett
- Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech University Blacksburg Virginia24061USA
| | - Brandon T. Bestelmeyer
- US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Jornada Experimental Range Unit Las Cruces New Mexico88003‐0003USA
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
| | - Max C. N. Castorani
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia22904USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Cook
- Environmental Sciences Department Barnard College New York New York10027USA
| | - Melissa J. Davidson
- School Sustainability and Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State University Tempe Arizona85287USA
| | - Peter M. Groffman
- City University of New York Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center New York New York10031USA
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook New York12545USA
| | - Niall P. Hanan
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
| | - Laura F. Huenneke
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
- School of Earth and Sustainability Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona86011USA
| | - Pieter T. J. Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado80309USA
| | - Diane M. McKnight
- Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado80309USA
| | - Robert J. Miller
- Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara California93106USA
| | - Gregory S. Okin
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
- Department of Geography University of California Los Angeles California90095USA
| | - Daniel L. Preston
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado80523USA
| | - Andrew Rassweiler
- Department of Biological Science Florida State University Tallahassee Florida32304USA
| | - Chris Ray
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder Colorado80309USA
| | - Osvaldo E. Sala
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
- Global Drylands Center School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability Arizona State University Tempe Arizona85287USA
| | - Robert L. Schooley
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois61801USA
| | - Timothy Seastedt
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder Colorado80309USA
| | - Marko J. Spasojevic
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology University of California Riverside Riverside California92521USA
| | - Enrique R. Vivoni
- Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico88003USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration and School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Arizona State University Tempe Arizona85287USA
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Simmons KR, Eggleston DB, Bohnenstiehl DR. Hurricane impacts on a coral reef soundscape. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244599. [PMID: 33626054 PMCID: PMC7904201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soundscape ecology is an emerging field in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and provides a powerful approach for assessing habitat quality and the ecological response of sound-producing species to natural and anthropogenic perturbations. Little is known of how underwater soundscapes respond during and after severe episodic disturbances, such as hurricanes. This study addresses the impacts of Hurricane Irma on the coral reef soundscape at two spur-and-groove fore-reef sites within the Florida Keys USA, using passive acoustic data collected before and during the storm at Western Dry Rocks (WDR) and before, during and after the storm at Eastern Sambo (ESB). As the storm passed, the cumulative acoustic exposure near the seabed at these sites was comparable to a small vessel operating continuously overhead for 1–2 weeks. Before the storm, sound pressure levels (SPLs) showed a distinct pattern of low frequency diel variation and increased high frequency sound during crepuscular periods. The low frequency band was partitioned in two groups representative of soniferous reef fish, whereas the high frequency band represented snapping shrimp sound production. Daily daytime patterns in low-frequency sound production largely persisted in the weeks following the hurricane. Crepuscular sound production by snapping shrimp was maintained post-hurricane with only a small shift (~1.5dB) in the level of daytime vs nighttime sound production for this high frequency band. This study suggests that on short time scales, temporal patterns in the coral reef soundscape were relatively resilient to acoustic energy exposure during the storm, as well as changes in the benthic habitat and environmental conditions resulting from hurricane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayelyn R. Simmons
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - David B. Eggleston
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, Morehead City, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - DelWayne R. Bohnenstiehl
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Orlando-Bonaca M, Pitacco V, Slavinec P, Šiško M, Makovec T, Falace A. First Restoration Experiment for Gongolaria barbata in Slovenian Coastal Waters. What Can Go Wrong? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:239. [PMID: 33530631 PMCID: PMC7911296 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The global decline of brown algal forests along rocky coasts is causing an exceptional biodiversity loss. Regardless of conservation efforts, different techniques have been developed for large-scale restoration strategies in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study we tested ex situ pilot restoration of Gongolaria barbata (=Treptacantha barbata) for the first time in Slovenian coastal waters. Healthy apical fronds of the species were collected and the development of recruits on clay tiles was followed under laboratory conditions for 20 days. Despite the experimental difficulties experienced, especially due to the lack of antibiotics to prevent the growth of the biofilm, G. barbata recruits were outplanted in the sea on two concrete plates with 48 tiles each, protected by purpose-built cages to avoid grazing by herbivorous fish. The high survival rate of juveniles after four months in the field (89% of the tiles on the plate that was constantly protected) suggests that outplanting G. barbata is an operable approach for restoration efforts in the northern Adriatic Sea. Our first experiment in Slovenian coastal waters provides new information for the optimization of the best practices during the laboratory cultivation and addresses the early steps of restoration and introduction of young thalli in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Orlando-Bonaca
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, SI-6330 Piran, Slovenia; (V.P.); (P.S.); (M.Š.); (T.M.)
| | - Valentina Pitacco
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, SI-6330 Piran, Slovenia; (V.P.); (P.S.); (M.Š.); (T.M.)
| | - Petra Slavinec
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, SI-6330 Piran, Slovenia; (V.P.); (P.S.); (M.Š.); (T.M.)
| | - Milijan Šiško
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, SI-6330 Piran, Slovenia; (V.P.); (P.S.); (M.Š.); (T.M.)
| | - Tihomir Makovec
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, SI-6330 Piran, Slovenia; (V.P.); (P.S.); (M.Š.); (T.M.)
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
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