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MA M, CHEN W, CAO HL, PAN J, ZHOU Q, TANG XL, WANG DJ. The diagnostic value of tenascin-C in acute aortic syndrome. J Geriatr Cardiol 2024; 21:359-368. [PMID: 38665282 PMCID: PMC11040054 DOI: 10.26599/1671-5411.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Misdiagnosis of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) significantly increases mortality. Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein related to cardiovascular injury. The elevation of TN-C in AAS and whether it can discriminate sudden-onset of acute chest pain in Chinese remains unclear. METHODS We measured the plasma concentration of TN-C by ELISA in a cohort of 376 patients with chest or back pain. Measures to discriminate AAS from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were compared and calculated. RESULTS From October 2016 to September 2021, 376 undiagnosed patients with chest or back pain were enrolled. 166 of them were finally diagnosed as AAS, 100 were ACS and 110 without cardiovascular diseases (NCV). TN-C was significantly elevated in AAS at 18.18 ng/mL (IQR: 13.10-27.68) compared with 7.51 ng/mL (IQR: 5.67-11.38) in ACS (P < 0.001) and 3.68 ng/mL (IQR: 2.50-5.29) in NCV (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in TN-C level among the subtypes of AAS. Of the 166 AAS patients, the peaked level of TN-C was at acute stage (P = 0.012), then a slight of decrease was observed at subacute stage. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for AAS patients versus NCV was 0.979 (95% CI: 0.964-0.994) for TN-C. At a cutoff level of 11.474 ng/mL, TN-C has a sensitivity of 76.0%, specificity of 85.5%, accuracy of 82.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 76.0%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 85.5%. Diagnostic performance of TN-C was superior to D-dimer and hs-cTnT. CONCLUSIONS The concentration of serum TN-C in AAS patients was significantly higher than that in ACS patients and NCV. TN-C could be a new biomarker to distinguish AAS patients in the early stage after symptoms onset from other pain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming MA
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei CHEN
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Long CAO
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun PAN
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing ZHOU
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Long TANG
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Jin WANG
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Abirami S, Adole PS, Vinod KV. Association of Tenascin-C Gene Polymorphisms with Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in South Indian Population: A Case-Control Genetic Association Study. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:114-122. [PMID: 38471098 PMCID: PMC10979666 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein changes are associated with the pathogenesis and complications of atherosclerosis, leading to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Tenascin-C (TNC), an ECM protein, has been implemented in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease. Aim: The study aimed to compare the genetic variants of the TNC gene (rs13321, rs2104772, and rs12347433) between South Indians with ACS and healthy participants. Materials and Methods: This case-control study recruited 150 ACS patients as cases and 150 healthy participants as controls. TNC genotyping was performed using TaqMan 5'-exonuclease allele discrimination assay. Serum TNC levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum TNC levels were significantly higher in cases compared with controls. No significant difference was observed in allele and genotype frequencies of rs13321, rs2104772, and rs12347433 between cases and controls, which was confirmed by dominant, recessive, codominant, and homozygotic genetic models. The patients with heterozygous genotypes of rs13321, rs2104772, and rs12347433 had significantly lower serum TNC levels than patients with respective homozygous genotypes. Haplotype analyses revealed that the C-T-A haplotype in the block of rs13321-rs12347433-rs2104772 was associated with lower ACS risk (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15 - 0.75; p = 0.005). Also, the C-T-T and G-T-A haplotypes of the TNC gene were associated with higher and lower serum TNC levels, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated no genetic association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TNC gene and ACS risk; however, the C-T-A haplotype of the TNC gene might be associated with reduced ACS risk in South Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Abirami
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Prashant Shankarrao Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Kolar Vishwanath Vinod
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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Jin M, Fang J, Wang JJ, Shao X, Xu SW, Liu PQ, Ye WC, Liu ZP. Regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways in atherosclerosis: from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2358-2375. [PMID: 37550526 PMCID: PMC10692204 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01123-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, one of the life-threatening cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), has been demonstrated to be a chronic inflammatory disease, and inflammatory and immune processes are involved in the origin and development of the disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a class of pattern recognition receptors that trigger innate immune responses by identifying pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), regulate numerous acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies reveal that TLRs have a vital role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, including the initiation of endothelial dysfunction, interaction of various immune cells, and activation of a number of other inflammatory pathways. We herein summarize some other inflammatory signaling pathways, protein molecules, and cellular responses associated with TLRs, such as NLRP3, Nrf2, PCSK9, autophagy, pyroptosis and necroptosis, which are also involved in the development of AS. Targeting TLRs and their regulated inflammatory events could be a promising new strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic CVDs. Novel drugs that exert therapeutic effects on AS through TLRs and their related pathways are increasingly being developed. In this article, we comprehensively review the current knowledge of TLR signaling pathways in atherosclerosis and actively seek potential therapeutic strategies using TLRs as a breakthrough point in the prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People's Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xin Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Suo-Wen Xu
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Pei-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Zhi-Ping Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Kiss A, Nadasy GL, Fees A, Arnold Z, Aykac I, Dostal C, Szabó GT, Szabó PL, Szekeres M, Pokreisz P, Hunyady L, Podesser BK. Alterations in Coronary Resistance Artery Network Geometry in Diabetes and the Role of Tenascin C. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:6. [PMID: 39076867 PMCID: PMC11270457 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2401006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Geometrical alterations in the coronary resistance artery network and the potential involvement of Tenascin C (TNC) extracellular matrix protein were investigated in diabetic and control mice. Methods Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injections (n = 7-11 animals in each group) in Tenascin C KO (TNC KO) mice and their Wild type (A/J) littermates. After 16-18 weeks the heart was removed and the whole subsurface network of the left coronary artery was prepared (down to branches of 40 μ m outer diameter), in situ pressure-perfused and studied using video-microscopy. Outer and inner diameters, wall thicknesses and bifurcation angles were measured on whole network pictures reconstructed into collages at 1.7 μ m pixel resolutions. Results Diabetes induced abnormal morphological alterations including trifurcations, sharp bends of larger branches, and branches directed retrogradely (p < 0.001 by the χ 2 test). Networks of TNC KO mice tended to form early divisions producing parallelly running larger branches (p < 0.001 by the χ 2 probe). Networks of coronary resistance arteries were substantially more abundant in 100-180 μ m components, appearing in 2-5 mm flow distance from orifice in diabetes. This was accompanied by thickening of the wall of larger arterioles ( > 220 μ m) and thinning of the wall of smaller (100-140 μ m) arterioles (p < 0.001). Blood flow should cover larger distances in diabetic networks, but interestingly STZ-induced diabetes did not generate further geometrical changes in TNC KO mice. Conclusions Diabetes promotes hypertrophic and hypotrophic vascular remodeling and induces vasculogenesis at well defined, specific positions of the coronary vasculature. TNC plays a pivotal role in the formation of coronary network geometry, and TNC deletion causes parallel fragmentation preventing diabetes-induced abnormal vascular morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gyorgy L Nadasy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsuzsanna Arnold
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ibrahim Aykac
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Dostal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gábor T Szabó
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Lujza Szabó
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Szekeres
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laszlo Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Nagel F, Schaefer AK, Gonçalves IF, Acar E, Oszwald A, Kaiser P, Kain R, Trescher K, Eilenberg WH, Brostjan C, Santer D, Kiss A, Podesser BK. OUP accepted manuscript. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 34:841-848. [PMID: 35137102 PMCID: PMC9070497 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Anne-Kristin Schaefer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andre Oszwald
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Kaiser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karola Trescher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Wolf H Eilenberg
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Santer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
- Corresponding author. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Leitstelle 1Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Tel: +43-140400-52210; fax: +43-140400-52290; e-mail: (B.K. Podesser)
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Aykac I, Podesser BK, Kiss A. Reverse remodelling in diabetic cardiomyopathy: the role of extracellular matrix. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2021; 70:385-392. [PMID: 34713679 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.21.05794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic patients are prone to suffer from cardiovascular disease, specifically from ischemic heart disease and diabetic cardiomyopathy, which have a huge impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiac fibrosis due to alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling is often observed in diabetes and myocardial fibrosis is an important part of cardiac remodeling that leads to heart failure and death. At single-cell level, the ECM govern, metabolism, motility, orientation and proliferation. However, in pathological condition such as diabetes, changes in ECM lead to fibrosis and subsequently cardiac stiffness and cardiomyocytes dysfunction. Anti-diabetic drugs, particularly sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have anti-fibrotic effects, and may promote ECM reverse remodelling. In this mini-review, the mechanisms and the role of ECM remodelling and reverse remodelling as a potential therapeutic targets for diabetic cardiomyopathy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Aykac
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria -
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Alterations in ACE and ACE2 Activities and Cardiomyocyte Signaling Underlie Improved Myocardial Function in a Rat Model of Repeated Remote Ischemic Conditioning. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011064. [PMID: 34681724 PMCID: PMC8537248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-ischemic left ventricular (LV) remodeling and its hypothetical prevention by repeated remote ischemic conditioning (rRIC) in male Sprague–Dawley rats were studied. Myocardial infarction (MI) was evoked by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and myocardial characteristics were tested in the infarcted anterior and non-infarcted inferior LV regions four and/or six weeks later. rRIC was induced by three cycles of five-minute-long unilateral hind limb ischemia and five minutes of reperfusion on a daily basis for a period of two weeks starting four weeks after LAD occlusion. Sham operated animals served as controls. Echocardiographic examinations and invasive hemodynamic measurements revealed distinct changes in LV systolic function between four and six weeks after MI induction in the absence of rRIC (i.e., LV ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased from 52.8 ± 2.1% to 50 ± 1.6%, mean ± SEM, p < 0.05) and in the presence of rRIC (i.e., LVEF increased from 48.2 ± 4.8% to 55.2 ± 4.1%, p < 0.05). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was about five times higher in the anterior LV wall at six weeks than that in sham animals. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activity roughly doubled in post-ischemic LVs. These increases in ACE and ACE2 activities were effectively mitigated by rRIC. Ca2+-sensitivities of force production (pCa50) of LV permeabilized cardiomyocytes were increased at six weeks after MI induction together with hypophosphorylation of 1) cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in both LV regions, and 2) cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) in the anterior wall. rRIC normalized pCa50, cTnI and cMyBP-C phosphorylations. Taken together, post-ischemic LV remodeling involves region-specific alterations in ACE and ACE2 activities together with changes in cardiomyocyte myofilament protein phosphorylation and function. rRIC has the potential to prevent these alterations and to improve LV performance following MI.
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Martins-Marques T. Connecting different heart diseases through intercellular communication. Biol Open 2021; 10:bio058777. [PMID: 34494646 PMCID: PMC8443862 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-orchestrated intercellular communication networks are pivotal to maintaining cardiac homeostasis and to ensuring adaptative responses and repair after injury. Intracardiac communication is sustained by cell-cell crosstalk, directly via gap junctions (GJ) and tunneling nanotubes (TNT), indirectly through the exchange of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EV), and by cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. GJ-mediated communication between cardiomyocytes and with other cardiac cell types enables electrical impulse propagation, required to sustain synchronized heart beating. In addition, TNT-mediated organelle transfer has been associated with cardioprotection, whilst communication via EV plays diverse pathophysiological roles, being implicated in angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis. Connecting various cell populations, the ECM plays important functions not only in maintaining the heart structure, but also acting as a signal transducer for intercellular crosstalk. Although with distinct etiologies and clinical manifestations, intercellular communication derailment has been implicated in several cardiac disorders, including myocardial infarction and hypertrophy, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive and integrated view of complex cell communication networks. In this review, I intend to provide a critical perspective about the main mechanisms contributing to regulate cellular crosstalk in the heart, which may be considered in the development of future therapeutic strategies, using cell-based therapies as a paradigmatic example. This Review has an associated Future Leader to Watch interview with the author.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Martins-Marques
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
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Du K, Wang M, Zhang N, Yu P, Wang P, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang L, Bachert C. Involvement of the extracellular matrix proteins periostin and tenascin C in nasal polyp remodeling by regulating the expression of MMPs. Clin Transl Allergy 2021; 11:e12059. [PMID: 34504680 PMCID: PMC8420995 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue remodeling caused by increased MMPs is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). We previously found higher levels of periostin and tenascin C in CRSwNPs, but whether they are associated with the dysregulation of MMPs is unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of these two ECM proteins in the expression of MMPs in nasal polyps. Methods The concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, TIMP-4, periostin, and tenascin C in tissue homogenates of 51 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps and 15 control subjects were measured and were analyzed by adjusted logistic regression and spearman correlation test. Primary human nasal polyp fibroblasts and epithelial cells were stimulated ex vivo with periostin and tenascin C and the gene expression of MMPs and TIMPs was determined by means of real-time PCR. Results The protein levels of MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, periostin, and tenascin C were significantly higher in patients with CRSwNPs than in healthy control subjects. The adjusted logistic regression analyses showed that MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-2, periostin, and tenascin C were related to the occurrence of CRSwNP. Spearman correlation test showed periostin was positively correlated with MMP-3 and TIMP-2, and tenascin C was positively correlated with MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-2. Periostin stimulated the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in fibroblasts and MMP-9 in epithelial cells ex vivo. Tenascin C stimulated the expression of MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in epithelial cells. The expression of TIMPs in fibroblasts and epithelial cells was affected by neither periostin nor tenascin C. Conclusions Periostin and tenascin C might be involved in the remodeling of nasal polyps by regulating the expression of different MMPs in epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Our findings have the potential to identify key factors of tissue remodeling in CRSwNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China.,Beijing Key laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Beijing China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China.,Beijing Key laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Beijing China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China.,Beijing Key laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Beijing China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China.,Beijing Key laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Beijing China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China.,Beijing Key laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Beijing China
| | - Claus Bachert
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology Division of ENT Diseases Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
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Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases-The Role of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115828. [PMID: 34072423 PMCID: PMC8198581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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Sun JY, Hua Y, Shen H, Qu Q, Kan JY, Kong XQ, Sun W, Shen YY. Identification of key genes in calcific aortic valve disease via weighted gene co-expression network analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:135. [PMID: 34020624 PMCID: PMC8138987 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common subclass of valve heart disease in the elderly population and a primary cause of aortic valve stenosis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS The gene expression profiles of GSE83453, GSE51472, and GSE12644 were analyzed by 'limma' and 'weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA)' package in R to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key modules associated with CAVD, respectively. Then, enrichment analysis was performed based on Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, DisGeNET, and TRRUST database. Protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the overlapped genes of DEGs and key modules, and we identified the top 5 hub genes by mixed character calculation. RESULTS We identified the blue and yellow modules as the key modules. Enrichment analysis showed that leukocyte migration, extracellular matrix, and extracellular matrix structural constituent were significantly enriched. SPP1, TNC, SCG2, FAM20A, and CD52 were identified as hub genes, and their expression levels in calcified or normal aortic valve samples were illustrated, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that SPP1, TNC, SCG2, FAM20A, and CD52 might be hub genes associated with CAVD. Further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and provide potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yang Hua
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jun-Yan Kan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xiang-Qing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Yue-Yun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, 213300, China.
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12
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Szabó PL, Ebner J, Koenig X, Hamza O, Watzinger S, Trojanek S, Abraham D, Todt H, Kubista H, Schicker K, Remy S, Anegon I, Kiss A, Podesser BK, Hilber K. Cardiovascular phenotype of the Dmdmdx rat - a suitable animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:14/2/dmm047704. [PMID: 33619211 PMCID: PMC7927653 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.047704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides skeletal muscle abnormalities, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients present with dilated cardiomyopathy development, which considerably contributes to morbidity and mortality. Because the mechanisms responsible for the cardiac complications in the context of DMD are largely unknown, evidence-based therapy approaches are still lacking. This has increased the need for basic research efforts into animal models for DMD. Here, we characterized in detail the cardiovascular abnormalities of Dmdmdx rats, with the aim of determining the suitability of this recently established dystrophin-deficient small animal as a model for DMD. Various methods were applied to compare cardiovascular properties between wild-type and Dmdmdx rats, and to characterize the Dmdmdx cardiomyopathy. These methods comprised echocardiography, invasive assessment of left ventricular hemodynamics, examination of adverse remodeling and endothelial cell inflammation, and evaluation of vascular function, employing wire myography. Finally, intracellular Ca2+ transient measurements, and recordings of currents through L-type Ca2+ channels were performed in isolated single ventricular cardiomyocytes. We found that, similar to respective observations in DMD patients, the hearts of Dmdmdx rats show significantly impaired cardiac function, fibrosis and inflammation, consistent with the development of a dilated cardiomyopathy. Moreover, in Dmdmdx rats, vascular endothelial function is impaired, which may relate to inflammation and oxidative stress, and Ca2+ handling in Dmdmdx cardiomyocytes is abnormal. These findings indicate that Dmdmdx rats represent a promising small-animal model to elucidate mechanisms of cardiomyopathy development in the dystrophic heart, and to test mechanism-based therapies aiming to combat cardiovascular complications in DMD. Summary: We characterized the cardiovascular abnormalities of Dmdmdx rats, demonstrating that Dmdmdx rats show similar cardiac and vascular endothelial function impairments to Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, representing a model of the dystrophic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Lujza Szabó
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Janine Ebner
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Ouafa Hamza
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Simon Watzinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Sandra Trojanek
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Dietmar Abraham
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Hannes Todt
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Helmut Kubista
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Klaus Schicker
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Séverine Remy
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes Université, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes Université, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Karlheinz Hilber
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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13
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Perera-Gonzalez M, Kiss A, Kaiser P, Holzweber M, Nagel F, Watzinger S, Acar E, Szabo PL, Gonçalves IF, Weber L, Pilz PM, Budinsky L, Helbich T, Podesser BK. The Role of Tenascin C in Cardiac Reverse Remodeling Following Banding-Debanding of the Ascending Aorta. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042023. [PMID: 33670747 PMCID: PMC7921966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tenascin-C (TN-C) plays a maladaptive role in left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy following pressure overload. However, the role of TN-C in LV regression following mechanical unloading is unknown. Methods: LV hypertrophy was induced by transverse aortic constriction for 10 weeks followed by debanding for 2 weeks in wild type (Wt) and TN-C knockout (TN-C KO) mice. Cardiac function was assessed by serial magnetic resonance imaging. The expression of fibrotic markers and drivers (angiotensin-converting enzyme-1, ACE-1) was determined in LV tissue as well as human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) after TN-C treatment. Results: Chronic pressure overload resulted in a significant decline in cardiac function associated with LV dilation as well as upregulation of TN-C, collagen 1 (Col 1), and ACE-1 in Wt as compared to TN-C KO mice. Reverse remodeling in Wt mice partially improved cardiac function and fibrotic marker expression; however, TN-C protein expression remained unchanged. In HCF, TN-C strongly induced the upregulation of ACE 1 and Col 1. Conclusions: Pressure overload, when lasting long enough to induce HF, has less potential for reverse remodeling in mice. This may be due to significant upregulation of TN-C expression, which stimulates ACE 1, Col 1, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) upregulation in fibroblasts. Consequently, addressing TN-C in LV hypertrophy might open a new window for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Perera-Gonzalez
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
- Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Philipp Kaiser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Michael Holzweber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Poelten, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Simon Watzinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Petra Lujza Szabo
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Lukas Weber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Patrick Michael Pilz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Lubos Budinsky
- Preclinical Imaging Lab at the Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (T.H.)
| | - Thomas Helbich
- Preclinical Imaging Lab at the Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (T.H.)
| | - Bruno Karl Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Poelten, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-52210
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14
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Matsumoto KI, Aoki H. The Roles of Tenascins in Cardiovascular, Inflammatory, and Heritable Connective Tissue Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:609752. [PMID: 33335533 PMCID: PMC7736112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins with time- and tissue specific expression patterns during development, tissue homeostasis, and diseases. There are four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, -W) in vertebrates. Among them, tenascin-X (TNX) and tenascin-C (TNC) play important roles in human pathologies. TNX is expressed widely in loose connective tissues. TNX contributes to the stability and maintenance of the collagen network, and its absence causes classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS), a heritable connective tissue disorder. In contrast, TNC is specifically and transiently expressed upon pathological conditions such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. There is growing evidence that TNC is involved in inflammatory processes with proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the roles of these two tenascins, TNX and TNC, in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases and in clEDS, and we discuss the functional consequences of the expression of these tenascins for tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
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15
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Tawara I, Yoshida T. Tenascin-C in cardiac disease: a sophisticated controller of inflammation, repair, and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C781-C796. [PMID: 32845719 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00353.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein classified as a matricellular protein that is generally upregulated at high levels during physiological and pathological tissue remodeling and is involved in important biological signaling pathways. In the heart, TNC is transiently expressed at several important steps during embryonic development and is sparsely detected in normal adult heart but is re-expressed in a spatiotemporally restricted manner under pathological conditions associated with inflammation, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive cardiac fibrosis, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and Kawasaki disease. Despite its characteristic and spatiotemporally restricted expression, TNC knockout mice develop a grossly normal phenotype. However, various disease models using TNC null mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed many important functions for TNC and multiple molecular cascades that control cellular responses in inflammation, tissue repair, and even myocardial regeneration. TNC has context-dependent diverse functions and, thus, may exert both harmful and beneficial effects in damaged hearts. However, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by proinflammatory and profibrotic effects in most cases. Its specific expression also makes TNC a feasible diagnostic biomarker and target for molecular imaging to assess inflammation in the heart. Several preclinical studies have shown the utility of TNC as a biomarker for assessing the prognosis of patients and selecting appropriate therapy, particularly for inflammatory heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Isao Tawara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
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16
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Santer D, Nagel F, Gonçalves IF, Kaun C, Wojta J, Fagyas M, Krššák M, Balogh Á, Papp Z, Tóth A, Bánhegyi V, Trescher K, Kiss A, Podesser BK. Tenascin-C aggravates ventricular dilatation and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity after myocardial infarction in mice. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2113-2122. [PMID: 32639674 PMCID: PMC7524253 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Tenascin-C (TN-C) is suggested to be detrimental in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of TN-C on extracellular matrix organization and its haemodynamic influence in an experimental mouse model of MI and in myocardial cell culture during hypoxic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial infarction was induced in TN-C knockout (TN-C KO) and wild-type mice. Six weeks later, cardiac function was studied by magnetic resonance imaging and under isolated working heart conditions. Myocardial mRNA levels and immunoreactivity of TN-C, TIMP-1, TIMP-3, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, as well as serum and tissue activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), were determined at 1 and 6 weeks after infarction. Cardiac output and external heart work were higher, while left ventricular wall stress and collagen expression were decreased (P < 0.05) in TN-C KO mice as compared with age-matched controls at 6 weeks after infarction. TIMP-1 expression was down-regulated at 1 and 6 weeks, and TIMP-3 expression was up-regulated at 1 week (P < 0.01) after infarction in knockout mice. MMP-9 level was lower in TN-C KO at 6 weeks after infarction (P < 0.05). TIMP-3/MMP-9 ratio was higher in knockout mice at 1 and 6 weeks after infarction (P < 0.01). ACE activity in the myocardial border zone (i.e. between scar and free wall) was significantly lower in knockout than in wild-type mice 1 week after MI (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Tenascin-C expression is induced by hypoxia in association with ACE activity and MMP-2 and MMP-9 elevations, thereby promoting left ventricular dilatation after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Santer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kaun
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miklós Fagyas
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Martin Krššák
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ágnes Balogh
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktor Bánhegyi
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Karola Trescher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
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