1
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Notch and NF-kB signaling pathways regulate miR-223/FBXW7 axis in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2014; 28:2324-35. [PMID: 24727676 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling deregulation is linked to the onset of several tumors including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Deregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression is also associated with several cancers, including leukemias. However, the transcriptional regulators of miRNAs, as well as the relationships between Notch signaling and miRNA deregulation, are poorly understood. To identify miRNAs regulated by Notch pathway, we performed microarray-based miRNA profiling of several Notch-expressing T-ALL models. Among seven miRNAs, consistently regulated by overexpressing or silencing Notch3, we focused our attention on miR-223, whose putative promoter analysis revealed a conserved RBPjk binding site, which was nested to an NF-kB consensus. Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays on the promoter region of miR-223 show that both Notch and NF-kB are novel coregulatory signals of miR-223 expression, being able to activate cooperatively the transcriptional activity of miR-223 promoter. Notably, the Notch-mediated activation of miR-223 represses the tumor suppressor FBXW7 in T-ALL cell lines. Moreover, we observed the inverse correlation of miR-223 and FBXW7 expression in a panel of T-ALL patient-derived xenografts. Finally, we show that miR-223 inhibition prevents T-ALL resistance to γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) treatment, suggesting that miR-223 could be involved in GSI sensitivity and its inhibition may be exploited in target therapy protocols.
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2
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Barbarulo A, Grazioli P, Campese AF, Bellavia D, Di Mario G, Pelullo M, Ciuffetta A, Colantoni S, Vacca A, Frati L, Gulino A, Felli MP, Screpanti I. Notch3 and canonical NF-kappaB signaling pathways cooperatively regulate Foxp3 transcription. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:6199-206. [PMID: 21508258 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Notch3 overexpression has been previously shown to positively regulate the generation and function of naturally occurring regulatory T cells and the expression of Foxp3, in cooperation with the pTα/pre-TCR pathway. In this study, we show that Notch3 triggers the trans activation of Foxp3 promoter depending on the T cell developmental stage. Moreover, we discovered a novel CSL/NF-κB overlapping binding site within the Foxp3 promoter, and we demonstrate that the activation of NF-κB, mainly represented by p65-dependent canonical pathway, plays a positive role in Notch3-dependent regulation of Foxp3 transcription. Accordingly, the deletion of protein kinase C, which mediates canonical NF-κB activation, markedly reduces regulatory T cell number and per cell Foxp3 expression in transgenic mice with a constitutive activation of Notch3 signaling. Collectively, our data indicate that the cooperation among Notch3, protein kinase C, and p65/NF-κB subunit modulates Foxp3 expression, adding new insights in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in regulatory T cell homeostasis and function.
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3
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Ferrera D, Panigada M, Porcellini S, Grassi F. Recombinase-deficient T cell development by selective accumulation of CD3 into lipid rafts. Eur J Immunol 2008; 38:1148-56. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.200737917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Bellavia D, Mecarozzi M, Campese AF, Grazioli P, Talora C, Frati L, Gulino A, Screpanti I. Notch3 and the Notch3-upregulated RNA-binding protein HuD regulate Ikaros alternative splicing. EMBO J 2007; 26:1670-80. [PMID: 17332745 PMCID: PMC1829386 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the transmembrane receptor, Notch3, and loss of function of the hematopoietic transcription repressor, Ikaros (IK), play direct roles in T-cell differentiation and leukemogenesis that are dependent on pre-T-cell receptor (pre-TCR) signaling. We demonstrate the occurrence of crosstalk between Notch3 and IK that results in transcriptional regulation of the gene encoding the pTalpha chain of the pre-TCR. We also show that, in the presence of the pre-TCR, constitutive activation of Notch3 in thymocytes causes increased expression of dominantnegative non-DNA-binding IK isoforms, which are able to restrain the IK inhibition of Notch3's transcriptional activation of pTalpha. This effect appears to be mediated by Notch3's pre-TCR-dependent upregulation of the RNA-binding protein, HuD. Notch3 signaling thus appears to play a critical role in the diminished IK activity described in several lymphoid leukemias. By exerting transcription-activating and transcription-repressing effects on the pTalpha promoter, Notch3 and IK cooperate in the fine-tuning of pre-TCR expression and function, which has important implications for the regulation of thymocyte differentiation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bellavia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Mecarozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio F Campese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Grazioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Gulino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
- Neuromed Institute, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University ‘La Sapienza', Roma, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University ‘La Sapienza', Viale Regina Elena 324, Roma 00161, Italy. Tel.: +39 06 44700816; Fax: +39 06 4464129; E-mail:
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5
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Talora C, Cialfi S, Oliviero C, Palermo R, Pascucci M, Frati L, Vacca A, Gulino A, Screpanti I. Cross talk among Notch3, pre-TCR, and Tal1 in T-cell development and leukemogenesis. Blood 2005; 107:3313-20. [PMID: 16368887 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-07-2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated pathways are believed to determine hematopoietic cell fate and/or neoplastic transformation. Notch signaling has been shown to regulate T-cell differentiation and leukemogenesis. However, specific target genes and molecular partners are not fully elucidated. We show that Notch3 activation sustains aberrant SCL/Tal1 overexpression and phosphorylation in mature thymocytes. Furthermore, we define the role of SCL/Tal1 as a component of an activator complex, including phosphorylated Tal1 and Sp1, that specifically enhances cyclin D1 expression and demonstrate that Tal1/Sp1 specifically co-occupy the D1 promoter in vivo, only in the presence of pre-T-cell receptor (TCR). We therefore conclude not only that cyclin D1 is a target of the Tal1/Sp1 complex, but also that Notch3-dependent activation of pre-TCR/ERK signaling regulates SCL/Tal1 function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia/genetics
- Leukemia/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Multiprotein Complexes/genetics
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch3
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- T-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Protein 1
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Talora
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, University La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 32400161 Roma, Italy
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6
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Talora C, Campese AF, Bellavia D, Pascucci M, Checquolo S, Groppioni M, Frati L, von Boehmer H, Gulino A, Screpanti I. Pre-TCR-triggered ERK signalling-dependent downregulation of E2A activity in Notch3-induced T-cell lymphoma. EMBO Rep 2003; 4:1067-72. [PMID: 14566327 PMCID: PMC1326383 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.embor7400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2003] [Revised: 09/17/2003] [Accepted: 09/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch and basic helix-loop-helix E2A pathways specify cell fate and regulate neoplastic transformation in a variety of cell types. Whereas Notch enhances tumorigenesis, E2A suppresses it. However, whether and how Notch and E2A interact functionally in an integrative mechanism for regulating neoplastic transformation remains to be understood. It has been shown that Notch3-induced T-cell leukaemia is abrogated by the inactivation of pTalpha/pre-T-cell antigen receptor (pre-TCR). We report here that Notch3-induced transcriptional activation of pTalpha/pre-TCR is responsible for the downregulation of E2A DNA binding and transcriptional activity. Further, the E2A messenger RNA and protein levels remain unaltered but the E2A inhibitor Id1 expression is augmented in thymocytes and T lymphoma cells derived from Notch3 transgenic mice. The increase in Id1 expression is achieved by pre-TCR-induced extracellular-signalling-regulated kinase 1/2. These observations support a model in which the upregulation of pre-TCR signalling seems to be the prerequi-site for Notch3-induced inhibition of E2A, thus leading to the development of lymphoma in Notch3 transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Talora
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio F. Campese
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Bellavia
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Pascucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Saula Checquolo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Groppioni
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Frati
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed Institute, Via Atinense
86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Harald von Boehmer
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,
USA
| | - Alberto Gulino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed Institute, Via Atinense
86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department
of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University 'La Sapienza', Viale Regina
Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Institute Pasteur—Foundation Cenci
Bolognetti, University 'La Sapienza', P. Aldo Moro 5, 00161
Rome, Italy
- Tel: +39 (0)6 4470 0816; Fax: +39 (0)6 446 4129;
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7
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Talora C, Campese AF, Bellavia D, Pascucci M, Checquolo S, Groppioni M, Frati L, von Boehmer H, Gulino A, Screpanti I. Pre-TCR-triggered ERK signalling-dependent downregulation of E2A activity in Notch3-induced T-cell lymphoma. EMBO Rep 2003. [PMID: 14566327 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch and basic helix-loop-helix E2A pathways specify cell fate and regulate neoplastic transformation in a variety of cell types. Whereas Notch enhances tumorigenesis, E2A suppresses it. However, whether and how Notch and E2A interact functionally in an integrative mechanism for regulating neoplastic transformation remains to be understood. It has been shown that Notch3-induced T-cell leukaemia is abrogated by the inactivation of pTalpha/pre-T-cell antigen receptor (pre-TCR). We report here that Notch3-induced transcriptional activation of pTalpha/pre-TCR is responsible for the downregulation of E2A DNA binding and transcriptional activity. Further, the E2A messenger RNA and protein levels remain unaltered but the E2A inhibitor Id1 expression is augmented in thymocytes and T lymphoma cells derived from Notch3 transgenic mice. The increase in Id1 expression is achieved by pre-TCR-induced extracellular-signalling-regulated kinase 1/2. These observations support a model in which the upregulation of pre-TCR signalling seems to be the prerequi-site for Notch3-induced inhibition of E2A, thus leading to the development of lymphoma in Notch3 transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Talora
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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8
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Panigada M, Porcellini S, Barbier E, Hoeflinger S, Cazenave PA, Gu H, Band H, von Boehmer H, Grassi F. Constitutive endocytosis and degradation of the pre-T cell receptor. J Exp Med 2002; 195:1585-97. [PMID: 12070286 PMCID: PMC2193560 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pre-T cell receptor (TCR) signals constitutively in the absence of putative ligands on thymic stroma and signal transduction correlates with translocation of the pre-TCR into glycolipid-enriched microdomains (rafts) in the plasma membrane. Here, we show that the pre-TCR is constitutively routed to lysosomes after reaching the cell surface. The cell-autonomous down-regulation of the pre-TCR requires activation of the src-like kinase p56(lck), actin polymerization, and dynamin. Constitutive signaling and degradation represents a feature of the pre-TCR because the gammadeltaTCR expressed in the same cell line does not exhibit these features. This is also evident by the observation that the protein adaptor/ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl is phosphorylated and selectively translocated into rafts in pre-TCR- but not gammadeltaTCR-expressing cells. A role of c-Cbl-mediated ubiquitination in pre-TCR degradation is supported by the reduction of degradation through pharmacological inhibition of the proteasome and through a dominant-negative c-Cbl ubiquitin ligase as well as by increased pre-TCR surface expression on immature thymocytes in c-Cbl-deficient mice. The pre-TCR internalization contributes significantly to the low surface level of the receptor on developing T cells, and may in fact be a requirement for optimal pre-TCR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Panigada
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica per le Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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9
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Grassi F, Barbier E, Porcellini S, von Boehmer H, Cazenave PA. Surface Expression and Functional Competence of CD3-Independent TCR ζ-Chains in Immature Thymocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.162.5.2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In recombinase-deficient (RAG-2−/−) mice, double-negative thymocytes can be stimulated to proliferate and differentiate by anti-CD3 Abs. CD3 molecules are expressed on the surface of these cells in association with calnexin. In this study, we show that ζ-chains can be recovered as phosphorylated proteins in association with phosphorylated ZAP-70 from anti-CD3-stimulated RAG-2−/− thymocytes, even though they are not demonstrably associated with the CD3/calnexin complex. The lack of a physical association of ζ dimers with the CD3 complex in RAG-2−/− thymocytes and also in a pre-TCR-expressing cell line, as well as the efficient association of ζ dimers with ZAP-70 in the RAG-2−/− thymocytes, suggest that these ζ-chain dimers could contribute to pre-TCR signaling. This idea is supported by the finding that in RAG-2−/− ζ-deficient thymocytes, ZAP-70 and p120cbl were only weakly phosphorylated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Grassi
- *Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica per le Scienze Mediche, Università di Milano at Department of Biological and Technological Research, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (HSR), Milan, Italy
- †Unité d’Immunochimie Analytique, Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Associée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique D1961, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and
| | - Eliane Barbier
- †Unité d’Immunochimie Analytique, Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Associée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique D1961, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and
| | - Simona Porcellini
- *Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica per le Scienze Mediche, Università di Milano at Department of Biological and Technological Research, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (HSR), Milan, Italy
| | - Harald von Boehmer
- ‡Institut Necker, Institut National de la Santé et Recherche Medicale, U373, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-André Cazenave
- †Unité d’Immunochimie Analytique, Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Associée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique D1961, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and
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10
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Panigada M, Porcellini S, Sutti F, Doneda L, Pozzoli O, Consalez GG, Guttinger M, Grassi F. GKLF in thymus epithelium as a developmentally regulated element of thymocyte-stroma cross-talk. Mech Dev 1999; 81:103-13. [PMID: 10330488 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor (GKLF) is a transcriptional regulator expressed in differentiated epithelia. We identified GKLF transcript as a regulated element in thymic epithelium of recombinase-deficient mice during thymus development induced by anti-CD3 antibody injection. This treatment recapitulates the organogenetic process depending on productive rearrangement of T cell receptor (TCR) beta gene with thymocytes expansion and acquisition of the CD4+8+ double positive phenotype. In wildtype mice, GKLF is expressed very early in embryogenesis and becomes intensely up-regulated in thymus epithelium at day 18 of gestation when TCR beta expressing cells have selectively expanded and express both CD4 and CD8. The results presented here suggest that thymocytes may regulate GKLF transcriptionally in the cortical epithelium at the developmental check-point controlled by TCR beta gene rearrangement. Furthermore, GKLF expression in hematopoietic stroma might suggest the thus far uncharacterised participation of this factor in hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Panigada
- Department of Biological and Technological Research (DIBIT), San Raffaele Scientific Institute (HSR), Milan, Italy
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11
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Guttinger M, Sutti F, Panigada M, Porcellini S, Merati B, Mariani M, Teesalu T, Consalez GG, Grassi F. Epithelial V-like antigen (EVA), a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, expressed in embryonic epithelia with a potential role as homotypic adhesion molecule in thymus histogenesis. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1998; 141:1061-71. [PMID: 9585423 PMCID: PMC2132778 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.141.4.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymus development depends on a complex series of interactions between thymocytes and the stromal component of the organ. To identify regulated genes during this codependent developmental relationship, we have applied an RNA fingerprinting technique to the analysis of thymus expansion and maturation induced in recombinase-deficient mice injected with anti-CD3 antibodies. This approach led us to the identification of a gene encoding a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, named epithelial V-like antigen (EVA), which is expressed in thymus epithelium and strongly downregulated by thymocyte developmental progression. This gene is expressed in the thymus and in several epithelial structures early in embryogenesis. EVA is highly homologous to the myelin protein zero and, in thymus-derived epithelial cell lines, is poorly soluble in nonionic detergents, strongly suggesting an association to the cytoskeleton. Its capacity to mediate cell adhesion through a homophilic interaction and its selective regulation by T cell maturation might imply the participation of EVA in the earliest phases of thymus organogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- CHO Cells
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/chemistry
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Aggregation
- Cell Line
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cricetinae
- Crosses, Genetic
- DNA Primers
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Embryonic and Fetal Development
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Humans
- Membrane Proteins
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Muridae
- Nuclear Proteins
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Thymus Gland/embryology
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guttinger
- Department of Biological and Technological Research (DIBIT), San Raffaele Scientific Institute (HSR), Università di Milano at DIBIT-HSR, I-20132 Milan, Italy.
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12
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Lewis SM. The mechanism of V(D)J joining: lessons from molecular, immunological, and comparative analyses. Adv Immunol 1994; 56:27-150. [PMID: 8073949 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Lewis
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125
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13
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Transcription of germ line V alpha segments correlates with ongoing T-cell receptor alpha-chain rearrangement. Mol Cell Biol 1992. [PMID: 1312664 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.12.4.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
M14T is a virally transformed immature T-cell line which continues to rearrange its T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) alpha-chain genes in vitro and thus represents a dynamic system for studying TCR assembly. In an effort to investigate whether the TCR alpha locus is accessible for V(D)J rearrangement events, we examined M14T cells for the presence of germ line TCR alpha transcripts. Several unrearranged V alpha segments were found to be transcriptionally active in M14T cells. By comparison, germ line V alpha transcripts are absent in nonlymphoid and pro-T-cell lines and barely detectable in mature T-cell lines, suggesting that this phenomenon is likely stage and tissue specific. We demonstrate a perfect correlation between transcriptionally active V alpha segments and their involvement in ongoing V alpha-to-J alpha rearrangements. In addition, data suggesting that the unrearranged J alpha locus is also transcriptionally active in the M14T line are presented. Furthermore, the recombination-activating genes RAG-1 and RAG-2 are differentially expressed, with RAG-2 detectable only by polymerase chain reaction, implying that very low levels of one of these gene products are sufficient to complement the other to facilitate VJ rearrangements. These findings provide the first direct evidence for an accessibility model of antigen receptor rearrangement in T cells.
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14
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Fondell JD, Marcu KB. Transcription of germ line V alpha segments correlates with ongoing T-cell receptor alpha-chain rearrangement. Mol Cell Biol 1992; 12:1480-9. [PMID: 1312664 PMCID: PMC369589 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.12.4.1480-1489.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
M14T is a virally transformed immature T-cell line which continues to rearrange its T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) alpha-chain genes in vitro and thus represents a dynamic system for studying TCR assembly. In an effort to investigate whether the TCR alpha locus is accessible for V(D)J rearrangement events, we examined M14T cells for the presence of germ line TCR alpha transcripts. Several unrearranged V alpha segments were found to be transcriptionally active in M14T cells. By comparison, germ line V alpha transcripts are absent in nonlymphoid and pro-T-cell lines and barely detectable in mature T-cell lines, suggesting that this phenomenon is likely stage and tissue specific. We demonstrate a perfect correlation between transcriptionally active V alpha segments and their involvement in ongoing V alpha-to-J alpha rearrangements. In addition, data suggesting that the unrearranged J alpha locus is also transcriptionally active in the M14T line are presented. Furthermore, the recombination-activating genes RAG-1 and RAG-2 are differentially expressed, with RAG-2 detectable only by polymerase chain reaction, implying that very low levels of one of these gene products are sufficient to complement the other to facilitate VJ rearrangements. These findings provide the first direct evidence for an accessibility model of antigen receptor rearrangement in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Fondell
- Genetics Graduate Program, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-5215
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15
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Marolleau JP, Fondell JD, Malissen M, Trucy J, Barbier E, Marcu KB, Cazenave PA, Primi D. The joining of germ-line V alpha to J alpha genes replaces the preexisting V alpha-J alpha complexes in a T cell receptor alpha, beta positive T cell line. Cell 1988; 55:291-300. [PMID: 3262425 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether T cell receptor genes follow the same principle of allelic exclusion as B lymphocytes, we have analyzed the rearrangements and expression of TCR alpha and beta genes in the progeny of the CD3+, CD4-/CD8- M14T line. Here, we show that this line can undergo secondary rearrangements that replace the pre-existing V alpha-J alpha rearrangements by joining an upstream V alpha gene to a downstream J alpha segment. Both the productively and nonproductively rearranged alleles in the M14T line can undergo secondary rearrangements while its TCR beta genes are stable. These secondary recombinations are usually productive, and new forms of TCR alpha polypeptides are expressed in these cells in association with the original C beta chain. Developmental control of this V alpha-J alpha replacement phenomenon could play a pivotal role in the thymic selection of the T cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Marolleau
- Unite d'Immunochimie Analytique, Departement d'Immunologie, CNRS 359, Paris, France
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