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Shegarfi H. Recognition of Listeria monocytogenes infection by natural killer cells: Towards a complete picture by experimental studies in rats. Innate Immun 2023; 29:110-121. [PMID: 37285590 PMCID: PMC10468624 DOI: 10.1177/17534259231178223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of cellular immune responses in animal disease models demands detailed knowledge of development, function, and regulation of immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells. Listeria monocytogenes (LM) bacterium has been explored in a large area of research fields, including the host pathogen interaction. Although the importance role of NK cells in controlling the first phase of LM burden has been investigated, the interaction between NK cells and infected cells in details are far from being comprehended. From in vivo and in vitro experiments, we can drive several important pieces of knowledge that hopefully contribute to illuminating the intercommunication between LM-infected cells and NK cells. Experimental studies performed in rats revealed that certain NK cell ligands are influenced in LM-infected cells. These ligands include both classical- and non-classical MHC class I molecules and C-type lectin related (Clr) molecules that are ligands for Ly49- and NKR-P1 receptors respectively. Interaction between these receptors:ligands during LM infection, demonstrated stimulation of rat NK cells. Hence, these studies provided additional knowledge to the mechanisms NK cells utilise to recognise and respond to LM infection outlined in the current review.
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Zhang X, Zhao L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ju H, Wang X, Ren H, Zhu X, Dong Y. The immunosuppressive microenvironment and immunotherapy in human glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1003651. [PMID: 36466873 PMCID: PMC9712217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant intracranial tumor in adults, characterized by extensive infiltrative growth, high vascularization, and resistance to multiple therapeutic approaches. Among the many factors affecting the therapeutic effect, the immunosuppressive GBM microenvironment that is created by cells and associated molecules via complex mechanisms plays a particularly important role in facilitating evasion of the tumor from the immune response. Accumulating evidence is also revealing a close association of the gut microbiota with the challenges in the treatment of GBM. The gut microbiota establishes a connection with the central nervous system through bidirectional signals of the gut-brain axis, thus affecting the occurrence and development of GBM. In this review, we discuss the key immunosuppressive components in the tumor microenvironment, along with the regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiota involved in immunity and metabolism in the GBM microenvironment. Lastly, we concentrate on the immunotherapeutic strategies currently under investigation, which hold promise to overcome the hurdles of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and improve the therapeutic outcome for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Leilei Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yurui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Huanyu Ju
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hongda Hospital, Jinxiang, China
| | - Huan Ren
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yucui Dong
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Mohammadi A, Najafi S, Amini M, Mansoori B, Baghbanzadeh A, Hoheisel JD, Baradaran B. The potential of B7-H6 as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy. Life Sci 2022; 304:120709. [PMID: 35697295 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are vital molecules that regulate T-cell function by activation or inhibition. Among the immune checkpoint molecules, the B7-family proteins are significantly involved in the immune escape of tumor cells. By binding to inhibitory receptors, they can suppress T-cell-mediated immunity. B7-family proteins are found at various stages of tumor microenvironment formation and promote tumorigenesis and tumor progression. B7-H6 (encoded by gene NCR3LG1) is a prominent member of the family. It has unique immunogenic properties and is involved in natural killer (NK) cell immunosurveillance by binding to the NKp30 receptor. High B7-H6 expression in certain tumor types and shortage of or low expression in healthy cells - except in cases of inflammatory or microbial stimulation - have made the protein an attractive target of research activities in recent years. The avoidance of NK-mediated B7-H6 detection is a mechanism through which tumor cells escape immune surveillance. The stimulation of tumorigenesis occurs by suppressing caspase cascade initiation and anti-apoptosis activity stimulation via the STAT3 pathway. The B7-H6-NKp30 complex on the tumor membrane activates the NK cells and releases both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). B7-H6 is highly expressed in a wide range of tumor cells, including glioma, hematologic malignant tumors, and breast cancer cells. Clinical examination of cancer patients indicated that the expression of B7-H6 is related to distant metastasis status and permits postoperative prognosis. Because of its unique properties, B7-H6 has a high potential be utilized as a biological marker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a target for novel treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaleh Mohammadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Banu N, Riera-Leal A, Haramati J, Ortiz-Lazareno PC, Panikar SS, Bastidas-Ramirez BE, Gutierrez-Silerio GY, Solorzano-Ibarra F, Tellez-Bañuelos MC, Gutierrez-Franco J, Bueno-Topete MR, Pereira-Suarez AL, Del Toro-Arreola S. B7-H6, an immunoligand for the natural killer cell activating receptor NKp30, reveals inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and migration, but not apoptosis, in cervical cancer derived-cell lines. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1083. [PMID: 33172426 PMCID: PMC7654602 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although great progress has been made in treatment regimens, cervical cancer remains as one of the most common cancer in women worldwide. Studies focusing on molecules that regulate carcinogenesis may provide potential therapeutic strategies for cervical cancer. B7-H6, an activating immunoligand expressed by several tumor cells, is known to activate NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity once engaged with its natural receptor NKp30. However, the opposite, that is, the effects in the tumor cell triggered by B7-H6 after interacting with NKp30 has not yet been well explored. Methods In this study, we evaluated the surface expression of B7-H6 by flow cytometry. Later, we stimulated B7-H6 positive cervical cancer derived-cell lines (HeLa and SiHa) with recombinant soluble NKp30 (sNKp30) protein and evaluated biological effects using the impedance RTCA system for cell proliferation, the scratch method for cell migration, and flow cytometry for apoptosis. Cellular localization of B7-H6 was determined using confocal microscopy. Results Notably, we observed that the addition of sNKp30 to the cervical cancer cell lines decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration rate, but had no effect on apoptosis. We also found that B7-H6 is selectively maintained in tumor cell lines, and that efforts to sort and purify B7-H6 negative or positive cells were futile, as negative cells, when cultured, regained the expression of B7-H6 and B7-H6 positive cells, when sorted and cultivated, lost a percentage of B7-H6 expression. Conclusions Our results suggest that B7-H6 has an important, as of yet undescribed, role in the biology of the cervical tumor cells themselves, suggesting that this protein might be a promising target for anti-tumor therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehla Banu
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Annie Riera-Leal
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Jesse Haramati
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Sandeep Surendra Panikar
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Blanca Estela Bastidas-Ramirez
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gloria Yareli Gutierrez-Silerio
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Solorzano-Ibarra
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Martha Cecilia Tellez-Bañuelos
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Gutierrez-Franco
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Miriam Ruth Bueno-Topete
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suarez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Susana Del Toro-Arreola
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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Zhang X, Xie W, Wang Z, Song S, Qin Y, Zhang F, Chen F, Cai L. Expression of a novel immune checkpoint B7-H6 ligand in human small cell lung cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:589. [PMID: 32566616 PMCID: PMC7290544 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background B7-H6 is a novel co-stimulatory ligand that is detected in most malignancies. However, the significance of B7-H6 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unknown. Methods B7-H6 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 103 collected SCLC samples, and its association with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed. The 2-year survival rates were also investigated. Results B7-H6-positive staining was detected in 58 (56.31%) SCLC cases, and found to be localized mainly in the intracellular space of SCLC. Weak staining in lung tissues was observed in 4 (8%) cases. B7-H6 positive staining was significantly related to tumor-node-metastasis stage (P=0.028), age (P=0.001), and distant metastasis (P=0.033), whereas there was no association with smoking status, sex, mass size, limited-stage SCLC/extensive-stage SCLC, Karnofsky performance status, or nodal metastasis status. The 2-year survival rates showed that there were more patients whose survival was shorter than 2 years in the B7-H6-positive group compared with the B7-H6-negative group (P=0.042). Conclusions Our findings suggest that B7-H6 is involved in early-stage SCLC and could serve as an early marker to predict human SCLC progression and distant metastasis. B7-H6 may be a valuable therapeutic target with potential clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Weiguo Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Shu Song
- Department of Pathology Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Pathology Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Liming Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
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Meza Guzman LG, Keating N, Nicholson SE. Natural Killer Cells: Tumor Surveillance and Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040952. [PMID: 32290478 PMCID: PMC7226588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role in cancer immunotherapy due to their innate ability to detect and kill tumorigenic cells. The decision to kill is determined by the expression of a myriad of activating and inhibitory receptors on the NK cell surface. Cell-to-cell engagement results in either self-tolerance or a cytotoxic response, governed by a fine balance between the signaling cascades downstream of the activating and inhibitory receptors. To evade a cytotoxic immune response, tumor cells can modulate the surface expression of receptor ligands and additionally, alter the conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tilting the scales toward a suppressed cytotoxic NK response. To fully harness the killing power of NK cells for clinical benefit, we need to understand what defines the threshold for activation and what is required to break tolerance. This review will focus on the intracellular signaling pathways activated or suppressed in NK cells and the roles signaling intermediates play during an NK cytotoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth G. Meza Guzman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.G.M.G.); (S.E.N.); Tel.: +61-9345-2555 (S.E.N.)
| | - Narelle Keating
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Nicholson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.G.M.G.); (S.E.N.); Tel.: +61-9345-2555 (S.E.N.)
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