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Smith MB. The Backbone of Success of P,N-Hybrid Ligands: Some Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:6293. [PMID: 36234830 PMCID: PMC9614609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus ligands are an invaluable family of compounds that continue to underpin important roles in disciplines such as coordination chemistry and catalysis. Their success can routinely be traced back to facile tuneability thus enabling a high degree of control over, for example, electronic and steric properties. Diphosphines, phosphorus compounds bearing two separated PIII donor atoms, are also highly valued and impart their own unique features, for example excellent chelating properties upon metal complexation. In many classical ligands of this type, the backbone connectivity has been based on all carbon spacers only but there is growing interest in embedding other donor atoms such as additional nitrogen (-NH-, -NR-) sites. This review will collate some important examples of ligands in this field, illustrate their role as ligands in coordination chemistry and highlight some of their reactivities and applications. It will be shown that incorporation of a nitrogen-based group can impart unusual reactivities and important catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics LE11 3TU, UK
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2
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Yu YD, Price JS, Romero PE, Emslie DJH. Homoleptic 1-norbornyl complexes of group 4 and manganese: synthesis, structures, volatility, and thermal stability. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2022-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Detailed syntheses are reported for the previously reported homoleptic 1-norbornyl complexes [M(norb)4] {M = Ti (1), Zr (3), Hf (4), and Mn (5)}. These compounds were characterized by combustion elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction (for 1 and 3), and SQUID magnetometry (for 5). The reaction by-product [{(norb)3Ti}2(μ-O)] (2) was also spectroscopically and structurally characterized. To assess the potential viability of 1 and 3–5 as precursors for thin film deposition by CVD or ALD, their volatility and thermal stability were evaluated by sublimation, thermogravimetric analysis, and in the case of 4, bulk thermolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S. Price
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Patricio E. Romero
- Intel Corporation, Components Research, 2511 NW 229th Ave., Hillsboro, OR 97124, USA
| | - David J. H. Emslie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
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3
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Alves LG, Munhá RF, Martins AM. Synthesis and reactivity of cyclam-based Zr(IV) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Sietzen M, Federmann P, Sonnenschein C, Wadepohl H, Ballmann J. Cyclometalated titanium and zirconium complexes stabilised by a new silylmethylene-linked tetradentate triamidophosphine. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3013-23. [PMID: 26758555 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04561d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The silylmethylene-linked triamidophosphine P(CH2SiMe2NHPh)3 was isolated in form of its tri-lithium salt Li3[P(CH2SiMe2NPh)3]·2.5Et2O (1·2.5Et2O) and employed for the synthesis of titanium and zirconium complexes. Starting from 1·2.5Et2O, the chlorido complexes [κ(4)-N,N,N,P-PN3]MCl (4-M, M = Ti, Zr) were prepared and examined with respect to alkylation. Upon reaction of 4-Ti with (trimethylsilyl)methyl lithium, intra-ligand cyclometalation at one of the ortho-N-phenyl positions was observed and the resulting thermally stable titanazetidine [κ(5)-N,N,N,P,C-N2P(NC)]Ti (5-Ti) isolated. Similarly, the related zirconazetidine [κ(5)-N,N,N,P,C-N2P(NC)]Zr(THF) (5-Zr) was isolated upon reaction of 4-Zr with Bn2Mg(THF)2. Using LiCH2PMe2 as alkyl transfer reagent, both complexes 4-M were converted to the corresponding phosphametallacyclopropanes [κ(4)-N,N,N,P-PN3]M(κ(2)-C,P-CH2PMe2) (7-M, M = Ti, Zr). Upon gentle heating, complexes 7-M were cleanly converted to the cyclometalated species 5-M and trimethylphosphine. These results are discussed in the context of related amidophosphine and triamidoamine complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sietzen
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Tazelaar CGJ, Nicolas E, van Dijk T, Broere DLJ, Cardol M, Lutz M, Gudat D, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Tris(pyrazolyl)phosphines with copper(i): from monomers to polymers. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2237-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03994k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Hatnean JA, Johnson SA. Diamagnetic molybdenum nitride complexes supported by diligating tripodal triamido-phosphine ligands as precursors to paramagnetic phosphine donors. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:14925-36. [PMID: 26226412 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01415h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of the ligand precursors P[CH2NHAr(R)]3 () with (Me2N)3Mo[triple bond, length as m-dash]N generated the complexes P(CH2NAr(R))3Mo[triple bond, length as m-dash]N (), where Ar(R) = 3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 (), Ph (), and 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3 (), with (Me2N)3Mo[triple bond, length as m-dash]N generated the complexes P(CH2NAr(R))3Mo[triple bond, length as m-dash]N (). Complex was obtained in poor yield, due to the formation of P(CH2N-3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)2(CH2NH-3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)(NMe2H)(NMe2)Mo[triple bond, length as m-dash]N () as the major product. Reaction of with VMes3THF generated the paramagnetic complexes P(CH2NAr(R))3Mo(μ-N)V(Mes)3 (). The reaction of with Ni(acac)2 generated the Ni(0) complexes Ni[P(CH2NAr(R))3Mo[triple bond, length as m-dash]N]4 () in poor yield. These complexes were synthesized in higher yields from the reaction of with Ni(COD)2, where COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene. Reaction of either with V(Mes)3THF or with Ni(COD)2 generated the paramagnetic nonanuclear complex Ni[P(CH2NAr(R))3Mo(μ-N)VMes3]4 ().
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian A Hatnean
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
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Sietzen M, Batke S, Merz L, Wadepohl H, Ballmann J. Phospha Derivatives of Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren) and Tris(3-aminopropyl)amine (trpn): Synthesis and Complexation Studies with Group 4 Metals. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Sietzen
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Batke
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Merz
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Batke S, Sietzen M, Wadepohl H, Ballmann J. A tripodal benzylene-linked trisamidophosphine ligand scaffold: synthesis and coordination chemistry with group(IV) metals. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:4144-53. [PMID: 24712705 DOI: 10.1021/ic500163c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A new tripodal trisamidophosphine ligand (1) based on the trisbenzylphosphine backbone has been synthesized in three steps starting from NaPH2 and phthaloyl-protected 2-aminobenzyl bromide. At elevated temperatures, 1 reacts directly with M(NMe2)4 (M = Zr, Hf) to afford the dimethylamido complexes [PN3]M(NMe2) (M = Zr, Hf) (2), which are easily converted into the corresponding triflates [PN3]MOTf (M = Zr, Hf) (3) via reaction with triethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. The related titanium chloro complex [PN3]TiCl (4-Ti) is obtained from 1 and Bn3TiCl via protonolysis. Triple deprotonation of 1 with n-butyllithium affords the tris-lithium salt Li3[PN3] (1-Li), which serves as a common starting material for the preparation of all the group(IV) chlorides [PN3]MCl (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) (4). Upon treatment of 4-Ti with Bn2Mg(thf)2, formation of a benzyltitanium species is observed, which is converted cleanly into a ligand-CH-activated species (5-Ti).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Batke
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Sietzen M, Wadepohl H, Ballmann J. A Novel Trisamidophosphine Ligand and Its Group(IV) Metal Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om401018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Sietzen
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Huber W, Linder R, Niesel J, Schatzschneider U, Spingler B, Kunz PC. A Comparative Study of Tricarbonylmanganese Photoactivatable CO Releasing Molecules (PhotoCORMs) by Using the Myoglobin Assay and Time-Resolved IR Spectroscopy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Payet E, Auffrant A, Le Goff XF, Floch PL. Phosphine- and thiophosphorane-amine ligands: Lithiation and coordination to Rh(I). J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Aguirre-Etcheverry P, O’Hare D. Electronic Communication through Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Bridges in Homobimetallic Organometallic Complexes. Chem Rev 2010; 110:4839-64. [DOI: 10.1021/cr9003852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Aguirre-Etcheverry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA
| | - Dermot O’Hare
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA
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Starosta R, Bażanów B, Barszczewski W. Chalcogenides of the aminomethylphosphines derived from 1-methylpiperazine, 1-ethylpiperazine and morpholine: NMR, DFT and structural studies for determination of electronic and steric properties of the phosphines. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:7547-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00037j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Starosta R, Florek M, Król J, Puchalska M, Kochel A. Copper(i) iodide complexes containing new aliphatic aminophosphine ligands and diimines—luminescent properties and antibacterial activity. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00636b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kunz PC, Huber W, Rojas A, Schatzschneider U, Spingler B. Tricarbonylmanganese(I) and ârhenium(I) Complexes of Imidazol-Based Phosphane Ligands: Influence of the Substitution Pattern on the CO Release Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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