Synthesis, Characterization, Nonlinear Absorption and Electrochromic Properties of Double-Decker Octakis(mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS)phthalocyaninatolanthanide(III) Complexes

Unexpected and frustrating transformations of double-decker silsesquioxanes

This paper outlines an unexpected type of intramolecular transformation of DDSQ during hydrolytic condensation and surprising catalytic reactivity in silylative coupling.

Synthesis, characterization, third-order non-linear optical properties and DFT studies of novel SUBO bridged ball-type metallophthalocyanines

Novel 4,4'-(((2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,9-diyl)bis(2-methylpropane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy)) (SUBO) bridged ball-type metallophthalocyanines were synthesized starting from 4,4'-(((2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,9-diyl)bis(2-methylpropane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))diphthalonitrile with convenient metal salts in 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethanol. A new bisphthalonitrile compound was obtained from 2,2'-(2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,9-diyl)bis(2-methylpropan-1-ol) and 4-nitrophthalonitrile in acetonitrile at reflux temperature in the presence of potassium carbonate as a catalyst. The structural characterization of the compounds was performed by elemental analysis, and infrared, ultraviolet-visible and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopic methods. Nonlinear absorptions of the phthalocyanine complexes were measured using the Z-scan technique with 7 ns pulse duration at a 532 nm wavelength. It is obvious that ball-type copperphthalocyanine has a high nonlinear absorption coeffıcient and imaginary component of the third-order susceptibility compared to other complexes. Therefore, ball-type copperphthalocyanine can be regarded as a very good candidate for optical limiting applications. Density functional theory was used for geometry optimizations and time-dependent density functional theory calculations of electronic transitions in order to compare with the experimental results. Molecular orbital and nonlinear optical analyses were also performed with density functional theory at the CAM-B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)/LANL2DZ level. The nonlinear optical analyses show that ball-type copperphthalocyanine has significantly better nonlinear optical properties in comparison to a common reference compound, urea.

Analytical approaches for clarification of DNA-double decker phthalocyanine binding mechanism: As an alternative anticancer chemotherapeutic

In the present study a novel water soluble double-decker phthalocyanine was synthesized and calf thymus DNA interaction of the synthesized double-decker phthalocyanine was investigated. 5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole substituted phthalonitrile 1 was prepared by a nucleophilic displacement reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with 5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol. Lutetium(III) double-decker phthalocyanine 2 was prepared by cyclotetramerization of compound 1. Water soluble lutetium(III) double-decker phthalocyanine 3 was prepared with quaternarization of compound 2. The synthesized double-decker phthalocyanine and calf thymus DNA interaction was investigated with UV-vis titrimetric methods, gel electrophoresis, and viscosity measurements. The fluorometric ethidium bromide replacement assay was conducted to clarify the binding mode of water soluble double-decker phthalocyanine. The thermodynamic parameters for interaction, K, ΔG⁰, ΔH⁰ and ΔS⁰ were calculated between the temperature ranges of 25°C-75°C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study about a double-decker phthalocyanine and DNA interaction.

Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation

The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting. All known mechanisms of optical limiting have been analyzed and discussed for the different types of materials.

MALDI-TOFMS analysis of coordination and organometallic complexes: a nic(h)e area to work in

A mini-review of the characterisation of metal-containing compounds by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) is presented. Organometallic and coordination compounds have many varied applications, most notably in industrial catalytic processes and also in the electronics and healthcare sectors. In general, the compounds discussed, be they small or large molecules, have a high percentage metal content, rather than simply containing 'a metal atom'. A brief history of the field is given, but the main scope over the last 5 years is covered in some detail. How MALDI-TOFMS compliments electrospray for metal-containing compounds is highlighted. Perspectives on recent advances, such as solvent-free and air/moisture-sensitive sample preparation, and potential future challenges and developments, such as nanomaterials and metallodrug/metallometabolite imaging, are given.

Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical and electrical properties of novel mono and ball-type metallophthalocyanines with four 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene

The new mono-nuclear 4-5 and ball-type homo-dinuclear 6 phthalocyanines have been synthesized from the corresponding phthalodinitrile derivative 3. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, IR,(1)H-NMR and MALDI-TOF-mass spectroscopies. The redox behaviours of the complexes were identified by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. The temperature dependence of the electronic properties of compounds and adsorption of SO(2) on thin film of 6 were investigated by conductivity measurements using an interdigital transducer structure on glass substrate. Dc conductivity, measured between 300-475 K, is thermally activated with the activation energy ranging between 0.67 and 0.90 eV. The ac conductivity is found to vary with frequency, ω, as ω(s) in which the frequency exponent s decreases with temperature suggesting a hopping conduction mechanism for all compounds. The SO(2) sensing result showed that the spin coated film of 6 exhibits very good SO(2) sensing properties, fast response and recovery rate, high sensitivity and good repeatability.