1
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Block E, Cotelesage JJH, Dikarev E, Garosi B, George GN, Musah RA, Vogt LI, Wei Z, Zhang Y. Re-examination of the Claimed Isolation of Stable Noncyclic 1,2-Disulfoxides. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 39230394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Re-examination of the claimed isolation and X-ray characterization of di-p-tolyl and dimesityl 1,2-disulfoxides from thermolysis of the corresponding aryl sulfinimines and thiosulfinates showed that the isolated disulfide dioxides are instead the well-known isomeric thiosulfonates, as confirmed by XAS, DART-MS, X-ray, IR and NMR methods. Concerns with the original X-ray structures are addressed. Our results agree with the DFT prediction of very weak diaryl 1,2-disulfoxide S-S bond dissociation enthalpies. For now, room-temperature-stable noncyclic 1,2-disulfoxides remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Block
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Julien J H Cotelesage
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Evgeny Dikarev
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Benedetta Garosi
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Rabi A Musah
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Linda I Vogt
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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2
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Grimm AP, Plank M, Stihl A, Schmitt CW, Voll D, Schacher FH, Lahann J, Théato P. Inverse Vulcanization of Activated Norbornenyl Esters-A Versatile Platform for Functional Sulfur Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202411010. [PMID: 38895894 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur has shown to be a promising alternative feedstock for development of novel polymeric materials with high sulfur content. However, the utilization of inverse vulcanized polymers is restricted by the limitation of functional comonomers suitable for an inverse vulcanization. Control over properties and structure of inverse vulcanized polymers still poses a challenge to current research due to the dynamic nature of sulfur-sulfur bonds and high temperature of inverse vulcanization reactions. In here, we report for the first time the inverse vulcanization of norbornenyl pentafluorophenyl ester (NB-PFPE), allowing for post-modification of inverse vulcanized polymers via amidation of reactive PFP esters to yield high sulfur content polymers under mild conditions. Amidation of the precursor material with three functional primary amines (α-amino-ω-methoxy polyethylene glycol, aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, allylamine) was investigated. The resulting materials were applicable as sulfur containing poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles in aqueous environment. Cross-linked mercury adsorbents, sulfur surface coatings, and high-sulfur content networks with predictable thermal properties were achievable using aminopropyl trimethoxy silane and allylamine for post-polymerization modification, respectively. With the broad range of different amines available and applicable for post-polymerization modification, the versatility of poly(sulfur-random-NB-PFPE) as a platform precursor polymer for novel specialized sulfur containing materials was showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Grimm
- Institute for Biological Interfaces III (IBG-3) Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Martina Plank
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stihl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena (FSU), Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena (FSU), Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian W Schmitt
- Institute for Biological Interfaces III (IBG-3) Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dominik Voll
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena (FSU), Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena (FSU), Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Polymers in Energy Applications Jena (HIPOLE Jena), Lessingstraße 12-14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg Lahann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Patrick Théato
- Institute for Biological Interfaces III (IBG-3) Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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3
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Porey A, Fremin SO, Nand S, Trevino R, Hughes WB, Dhakal SK, Nguyen VD, Greco SG, Arman HD, Larionov OV. Multimodal Acridine Photocatalysis Enables Direct Access to Thiols from Carboxylic Acids and Elemental Sulfur. ACS Catal 2024; 14:6973-6980. [PMID: 38737399 PMCID: PMC11081195 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Development of photocatalytic systems that facilitate mechanistically divergent steps in complex catalytic manifolds by distinct activation modes can enable previously inaccessible synthetic transformations. However, multimodal photocatalytic systems remain understudied, impeding their implementation in catalytic methodology. We report herein a photocatalytic access to thiols that directly merges the structural diversity of carboxylic acids with the ready availability of elemental sulfur without substrate preactivation. The photocatalytic transformation provides a direct radical-mediated segue to one of the most biologically important and synthetically versatile organosulfur functionalities, whose synthetic accessibility remains largely dominated by two-electron-mediated processes based on toxic and uneconomical reagents and precursors. The two-phase radical process is facilitated by a multimodal catalytic reactivity of acridine photocatalysis that enables both the singlet excited state PCET-mediated decarboxylative carbon-sulfur bond formation and the previously unknown radical reductive disulfur bond cleavage by a photoinduced HAT process in the silane-triplet acridine system. The study points to a significant potential of multimodal photocatalytic systems in providing unexplored directions to previously inaccessible transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Porey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Seth O Fremin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Sachchida Nand
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Ramon Trevino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - William B Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Shree Krishna Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Viet D Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Samuel G Greco
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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4
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Asanuma H, Kanemoto K. Amination of N-(Organodithio)phthalimides for the Modular Synthesis of Aminodisulfides. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 38011033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic methods for unsymmetrical aminodisulfides are greatly needed due to their applications in drug discovery, linker chemistry, and materials sciences. In this study, an amination reaction of N-dithiophthalimides has been developed for the divergent synthesis of unsymmetrical aminodisulfides. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and provides the aminodisulfides in excellent yields without cleavage of the disulfide bond. The N-dithiophthalimides are readily available from several bilateral disulfurating reagents, and the broad substrate scope of this reaction allows for the modular synthesis of a variety of unsymmetrical aminodisulfides in two-step operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Asanuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kanemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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5
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Sharma J, Champagne PA. Benchmark of density functional theory methods for the study of organic polysulfides. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:2131-2138. [PMID: 36169869 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur is often used in organic synthesis as its low cost and high abundance make it a highly desirable source of sulfur atoms. However, sulfur's unpredictable catenation behavior poses challenges to its widespread usage due to difficulties in designing new reactions that can account for its multifaceted reactivity. In order to accurately model sulfur's mechanisms using computational approaches, it is necessary to identify density functional theory (DFT) methods that are accurate on these systems. This study benchmarks 12 well-known DFT functionals that include local, non-local, and hybrid methods against DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV(Q+d)Z//MP2/aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z/SMD(MeCN) for the accurate treatment of organic polysulfides, taking cyanide as a nucleophile. Our benchmarking results indicate that the M06-2X and B3LYP-D3(BJ) density functionals are the most accurate for calculating reaction energies, while local functionals performed the worst. For activation energies, MN15, MN15-L, M06-2X, and ωB97X-D are the most accurate. Our analysis of structural parameters shows that all functionals perform well for ground state optimizations except B97D3, while MN15-L and M06-2X performed best for transition structure optimizations. Overall, the four hybrid functionals MN15, M06-2X, ωB97X-D, and B3LYP-D3(BJ) appear adequate for studying the reaction mechanisms of polysulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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6
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Plagge J. Mastering of Filled Rubber Strength beyond WLF: Competition of Temperature, Time, Crack Deflection and Bond Breaking. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040765. [PMID: 35215678 PMCID: PMC8876592 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tensile strength is an important indicator for elastomer toughness. However, in filled materials, its dependency on temperature and time appears to be poorly understood. We present experimental tensile data of carbon-black-filled ethylene propylene diene rubber at different temperatures. Tensile strength vs. filler loading exhibited a temperature-dependent S-shape and could be rescaled to collapse onto a single master curve. A model based on the extension of the time–temperature superposition principle, crack deflection, and breakage of covalent bonds is proposed. It successfully predicted the behavior of tensile strength due to the change of the filler particle size and filler amount, temperature variation, and deformation speed typically found in the literature. Moreover, stress relaxation during temperature ramp-up was reproduced correctly. Altogether, the successful modeling suggests that the true toughness of rubber (e.g., chemical bonds) becomes important once enough crack-screening filler is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Plagge
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
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7
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Scheiger JM, Direksilp C, Falkenstein P, Welle A, Koenig M, Heissler S, Matysik J, Levkin PA, Theato P. Inverse Vulcanization of Styrylethyltrimethoxysilane-Coated Surfaces, Particles, and Crosslinked Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18639-18645. [PMID: 32627908 PMCID: PMC7589442 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur as a side product of natural gas and oil refining is an underused resource. Converting landfilled sulfur waste into materials merges the ecological imperative of resource efficiency with economic considerations. A strategy to convert sulfur into polymeric materials is the inverse vulcanization reaction of sulfur with alkenes. However, the materials formed are of limited applicability, because they need to be cured at high temperatures (>130 °C) for many hours. Herein, we report the reaction of elemental sulfur with styrylethyltrimethoxysilane. Marrying the inverse vulcanization and silane chemistry yielded high sulfur content polysilanes, which could be cured via room temperature polycondensation to obtain coated surfaces, particles, and crosslinked materials. The polycondensation was triggered by hydrolysis of poly(sulfur-r-styrylethyltrimethoxysilane) (poly(Sn -r-StyTMS) under mild conditions (HCl, pH 4). For the first time, an inverse vulcanization polymer could be conveniently coated and mildly cured via post-polycondensation. Silica microparticles coated with the high sulfur content polymer could improve their Hg2+ ion remediation capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M Scheiger
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 20, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Materials Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Chatrawee Direksilp
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College (PPC), Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chulalongkorn 12, Phayathai road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Patricia Falkenstein
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Welle
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North), Germany
| | - Meike Koenig
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Heissler
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Materials Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 20, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces III, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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8
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Scheiger JM, Direksilp C, Falkenstein P, Welle A, Koenig M, Heissler S, Matysik J, Levkin PA, Theato P. Inverse Vulcanization of Styrylethyltrimethoxysilane–Coated Surfaces, Particles, and Crosslinked Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M. Scheiger
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstrasse 20 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Materials Systems (IBCS-FMS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Chatrawee Direksilp
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College (PPC) Chulalongkorn University Soi Chulalongkorn 12, Phayathai road, Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Patricia Falkenstein
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Leipzig University Linnéstrasse 3 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Alexander Welle
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North) Germany
| | - Meike Koenig
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Stefan Heissler
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Leipzig University Linnéstrasse 3 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Pavel A. Levkin
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Materials Systems (IBCS-FMS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstrasse 20 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institute for Biological Interfaces III Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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9
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A way to thioacetate esters compatible with non-oxidative prebiotic conditions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14488. [PMID: 32879403 PMCID: PMC7467925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrality of pyruvate oxidative decarboxylation into acetyl-CoA in current biochemistry is a strong argument for proposing that a similar reaction have been necessary for the development of an effective protometabolism on the primitive Earth. However, such a decarboxylation requires the use of an oxidant and a catalyst, today enzymatic. Based on the mechanisms of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, we propose that the initial mechanism involved disulfides and occurred via radicals. A first disulfide is obtained by reacting glyoxylate with hydrogen sulfide. It is then possible to produce a wide variety of other disulfides by exchange reactions. When reacted with pyruvate under UV light they give thioesters. This process requires no oxidant and is therefore compatible with what is known of the redox conditions of the early Earth. Neither does it require any catalyst. It could be the first way to acetyl thioesters, a way that was later improved by the introduction of catalysts, first minerals, then enzymes.
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10
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Mutlu H, Theato P. Making the Best of Polymers with Sulfur–Nitrogen Bonds: From Sources to Innovative Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000181. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces IIIKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen D‐76344 Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces IIIKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen D‐76344 Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesser Str. 18 Karlsruhe D‐76131 Germany
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11
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Chang H, Zheng W, Zhu D, Xie H. DFT study on C-S bond dissociation enthalpies of thiol-derived peptide models. J Sulphur Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2020.1740224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenrui Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danfeng Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Bhargav A, Bell ME, Karty J, Cui Y, Fu Y. A Class of Organopolysulfides As Liquid Cathode Materials for High-Energy-Density Lithium Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21084-21090. [PMID: 29883083 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-based cathodes are promising to enable high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries; however, elemental sulfur as active material faces several challenges, including undesirable volume change (∼80%) when completely reduced and high dependence on liquid electrolyte wherein an electrolyte/sulfur ratio >10 μL mg-1 is required for high material utilization. These limit the attainable energy densities of these batteries. Herein, we introduce a new class of phenyl polysulfides C6H5S xC6H5 (4 ≤ x ≤ 6) as liquid cathode materials synthesized in a facile and scalable route to mitigate these setbacks. These polysulfides possess sufficiently high theoretical specific capacities, specific energies, and energy densities. Spectroscopic techniques verify their chemical composition and computation shows that the volume change when reduced is about 37%. Lithium half-cell testing shows that phenyl hexasulfide (C6H5S6C6H5) can provide a specific capacity of 650 mAh g-1 and capacity retention of 80% through 500 cycles at 1 C rate along with superlative performance up to 10 C. Furthermore, 1302 Wh kg-1 and 1720 Wh L-1 are achievable at a low electrolyte/active material ratio, i.e., 3 μL mg-1. This work adds new members to the cathode family for Li-S batteries, reduces the gap between the theoretical and practical energy densities of batteries, and provides a new direction for the development of alternative high-capacity cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruth Bhargav
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana 46202 , United States
| | - Michaela Elaine Bell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana 46202 , United States
| | - Jonathan Karty
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana 46202 , United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana 46202 , United States
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
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13
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Gleiter R, Haberhauer G. Electron-rich two-, three- and four-center bonds between chalcogens – New prospects for old molecules. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Gleiter R, Haberhauer G. Long Chalcogen–Chalcogen Bonds in Electron-Rich Two and Four Center Bonds: Combination of π- and σ-Aromaticity to a Three-Dimensional σ/π-Aromaticity. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7543-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501277h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Gleiter
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr.
7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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15
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Lekin K, Phan H, Winter SM, Wong JWL, Leitch AA, Laniel D, Yong W, Secco RA, Tse JS, Desgreniers S, Dube PA, Shatruk M, Oakley RT. Heat, Pressure and Light-Induced Interconversion of Bisdithiazolyl Radicals and Dimers. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8050-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ja502753t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lekin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Stephen M. Winter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joanne W. L. Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Alicea A. Leitch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dominique Laniel
- Department
of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Wenjun Yong
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Richard A. Secco
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - John S. Tse
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Department
of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Paul A. Dube
- Brockhouse
Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Michael Shatruk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Richard T. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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16
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Jacobsen H. More on diphosphadithiatetrazocines and the importance of being bonded. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11843-9. [PMID: 24083895 DOI: 10.1021/ic401383k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cross-ring sulfur-sulfur bond for seven R'RP(NSN)2PRR' molecules 1a (R = R' = Me), 1b (R = R' = Ph), 1c (R = R' = Et), 1d (R = Cl, R' = CCl3), 1e (R = R'= Cl), 1f (R = R' = F), and 1g (R = R' = H) has been scrutinized by a topology analysis for a bond descriptor based on the kinetic energy density, supported by a fragment-based bond energy analysis. Contrary to a regular disulfide bond, the cross-ring connection is only a secondary electron-sharing bond, about half as strong as a common S-S linkage. The regular disulfide bond itself is best described as a charge-shift bond. These analyses are based on results obtained from B3PW91/def2-TZVP density functional calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Jacobsen
- KemKom , 1215 Ursulines Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70116, United States
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17
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Guo Y, Alvarado SR, Barclay JD, Vela J. Shape-programmed nanofabrication: understanding the reactivity of dichalcogenide precursors. ACS NANO 2013; 7:3616-26. [PMID: 23517277 DOI: 10.1021/nn400596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Dialkyl and diaryl dichalcogenides are highly versatile and modular precursors for the synthesis of colloidal chalcogenide nanocrystals. We have used a series of commercially available dichalcogenide precursors to unveil the molecular basis for the outcome of nanocrystal preparations, more specifically, how precursor molecular structure and reactivity affect the final shape and size of II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals. Dichalcogenide precursors used were diallyl, dibenzyl, di-tert-butyl, diisopropyl, diethyl, dimethyl, and diphenyl disulfides and diethyl, dimethyl, and diphenyl diselenides. We find that the presence of two distinctively reactive C-E and E-E bonds makes the chemistry of these precursors much richer and interesting than that of other conventional precursors such as the more common phosphine chalcogenides. Computational studies (DFT) reveal that the dissociation energy of carbon-chalcogen (C-E) bonds in dichalcogenide precursors (R-E-E-R, E=S or Se) increases in the order (R): diallyl<dibenzyl<di-tert-butyl<diisopropyl<diethyl<dimethyl<diphenyl. The dissociation energy of chalcogen-chalcogen (E-E) bonds remains relatively constant across the series. The only exceptions are diphenyl dichalcogenides, which have a much lower E-E bond dissociation energy. An increase in C-E bond dissociation energy results in a decrease in R-E-E-R precursor reactivity, leading to progressively slower nucleation and higher selectivity for anisotropic growth, all the way from dots to pods to tetrapods. Under identical experimental conditions, we obtain CdS and CdSe nanocrystals with spherical, elongated, or tetrapodal morphology by simply varying the identity and reactivity of the dichalcogenide precursor. Interestingly, we find that precursors with strong C-E and weak E-E bond dissociation energies such as Ph-S-S-Ph serve as a ready source of thiol radicals that appear to stabilize small CdE nuclei, facilitating anisotropic growth. These CdS and CdSe nanocrystals have been characterized using structural and spectroscopic methods. An intimate understanding of how molecular structure affects the chemical reactivity of molecular precursors enables highly predictable and reproducible synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals with specific sizes, shapes, and optoelectronic properties for customized applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, and Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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18
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Rudshteyn B, Castillo A, Greer A. Theoretical study of a nonpeptidic polydisulfide α-helix †. J Sulphur Chem 2013; 34. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2012.700457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rudshteyn
- a Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center , Brooklyn College of CUNY , Brooklyn , NY , USA
| | - Alvaro Castillo
- a Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center , Brooklyn College of CUNY , Brooklyn , NY , USA
| | - Alexander Greer
- a Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center , Brooklyn College of CUNY , Brooklyn , NY , USA
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19
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Graf TA, Yoo J, Brummett AB, Lin R, Wohlgenannt M, Quinn D, Bowden NB. New Polymers Possessing a Disulfide Bond in a Unique Environment. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3017103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A. Graf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jun Yoo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Adam B. Brummett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Ran Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Markus Wohlgenannt
- Department of Physics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Daniel Quinn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Ned B. Bowden
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52242, United States
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20
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Marochkin II, Dorofeeva OV. Amide bond dissociation enthalpies: Effect of substitution on NC bond strength. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Xiao-Hong L, Xiao-Yang G, Xian-Zhou Z. Structural properties and S—S dissociation energies in a series of disulfide compounds: a theoretical study. J Sulphur Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2011.613121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao-Hong
- a College of Physics and Engineering , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong Xiao-Yang
- a College of Physics and Engineering , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Xian-Zhou
- b College of Physics and Information Engineering , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
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22
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Castillo A, Lee L, Greer A. Encapsulation and convex-face thiozonolysis of triatomic sulfur (S(3)) with carbon nanotubes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011; 25:42-49. [PMID: 22701272 DOI: 10.1002/poc.1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanotubes are a class of host cavities increasingly used to encapsulate unstable molecules, yet none have been exploited to host reactive sulfur species, such as thiozone (S(3)). In this paper, density functional theory and (ONIOM) calculations were used to compute single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-thiozone combinations for the inclusion of S(3) into the hollow nanotube space and to rationalize when 1,2,3-thiozonide formation can take place. Nanotube diameter selectivity for the isomerization of the C(2v) form of S(3) to the D(3h) form proved to be elusive. Acyclic C(2v) S(3) was ~6 kcal/mol more stable than cyclic D(3h) S(3) whether it was free or encapsulated within an SWNT. 1,2,3-Thiozonide formation took place on the convex side of nanotubes of low tube radii, such as the armchair (4,4) and (5,5) SWNTs. In terms of the reaction mode of C(2v) S(3), the 1,3-dipolar addition reaction was preferred compared with the [2 + 2] cycloaddition and chelotrope paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Castillo
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center, City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
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23
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Torrico-Vallejos S, Erben MF, Boese R, Della Védova CO. Methoxycarbonyl trifluoromethyl disulfide, CH3OC(O)SSCF3: synthesis, structure and conformational properties. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00382g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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24
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Denk MK. The Variable Strength of the Sulfur–Sulfur Bond: 78 to 41 kcal – G3, CBS‐Q, and DFT Bond Energies of Sulfur (S
8
) and Disulfanes XSSX (X = H, F, Cl, CH
3
, CN, NH
2
, OH, SH). Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. Denk
- Guelph–Waterloo Centre For Graduate Research in Chemistry, Guelph Campus 50 Stone Road, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada, Fax: +1‐519‐766‐1499
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