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Davison N, Waddell PG, Dixon C, Wills C, Penfold TJ, Lu E. A monomeric (trimethylsilyl)methyl lithium complex: synthesis, structure, decomposition and preliminary reactivity studies. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:10707-10713. [PMID: 34854445 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03532k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monomeric organolithium (LiR) complexes could provide enhanced Li-C bond reactivity and suggest mechanisms for a plethora of LiR-mediated reactions. They are highly sought-after but remain a synthetic challenge for organometallic chemists. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterisation of a monomeric (trimethylsilyl)methyl lithium complex, namely [Li(CH2SiMe3)(κ3-N,N',N''-Me6Tren)] (1), where Me6Tren is a tetradentate neutral amine ligand. The structure of 1 was comprehensively examined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, variable temperature NMR spectroscopy and electron absorption spectroscopy. Complex 1 decomposes via ligand C-H and C-N activations to produce a Li amide complex 2. Preliminary reactivity studies of 1 reveal CO insertion and C-H activation reaction patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Davison
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Paul G Waddell
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Casey Dixon
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Corinne Wills
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Thomas J Penfold
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Erli Lu
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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2
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Shavyrin AS, Trifonov AA. Alkali-Metal Alkyl Complexes with the Tridentate Benzhydryl Ligand [2,2′-(4-MeC6H4NMe2)2CH]−. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry O. Khristolyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Lyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Andrey S. Shavyrin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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Zaragoza-Calero S, Francos J, Kennedy AR, O'Hara CT. Solid state and solution studies of lithium tris(n-butyl)magnesiates stabilised by Lewis donors. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7258-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00435g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Donor complexes of the synthetically important lithium magnesiate LiMg(nBu)3 have been prepared and characterised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Francos
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Charles T. O'Hara
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Glasgow
- UK
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Olsson S, Lennartson A, Håkansson M. Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiopure Organozinc Reagents, Followed by Highly Enantioselective Chlorination. Chemistry 2013; 19:12415-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Spontaneous resolution of novel Zn complexes in the formation of 3D metal–organic frameworks based on 2,2′-biimidazole ligand. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2012.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Harford PJ, Wheatley AEH. Alkali/coinage metals – organolithium, organocuprate chemistry. ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849734868-00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Part 1 of this chapter reviews coordination compounds of the alkali metals that contain a carbon-metal bond, looking firstly at organolithiums involving simple silanes. The use of aryl, alkynyl and N-donor ligands is also discussed. Compounds of the coinage metals - copper, silver and gold - are discussed in Part 2 of the review. Discussion is broken down by metal, with copper being considered first. Compounds containing, among others, alkene, amido and phosphido ligands are discussed, along with the significant amount of work on carbene complexes. This interest in carbene complexes is also noted within the silver and gold sections that follow, with a large number of new compounds being described. Polymeric chains and networks containing silver centres have attracted considerable interest and are described, along with the luminescent properties of a selection of novel gold species. This part of the review is completed by coverage of mixed-coinage metal structures, where the systems are found to display luminescent properties. Here again, the compounds discussed contain at least one carbon-metal bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Harford
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW U.K
| | - Andrew E. H. Wheatley
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW U.K
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Vincent MA, Campbell Smith A, Donnard M, Harford PJ, Haywood J, Hillier IH, Clayden J, Wheatley AEH. Lithiated Tertiary Carbanions Display Variable Coordination Modes: Evidence from DFT and NMR Studies. Chemistry 2012; 18:11036-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wheatley AEH, Clayden J, Hillier IH, Campbell Smith A, Vincent MA, Taylor LJ, Haywood J. On the control of secondary carbanion structure utilising ligand effects during directed metallation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:50-60. [PMID: 22423271 PMCID: PMC3302098 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
N,N-Diisopropyl-2-propylbenzamide 6-H undergoes lateral deprotonation by t-BuLi in the presence of the Lewis base PMDTA (N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine) to give a benzyllithium 6-Lil·PMDTA that incorporates a trigonal planar secondary carbanion. In the solid state, the amide directing group and the PMDTA additive work together to abstract the metal ion from the deprotonated α-C of the propyl group (4.107(4) Å). A short distance of 1.376(3) Å is observed between the deprotonated carbon centre and a planar aromatic system that shows a pattern of bond lengths which contrasts with that reported for related tertiary carbanion systems. Analogous benzylic deprotonation is seen if 6-H is treated with t-BuLi in the presence of diglyme to give 6-Lil·DGME. X-ray crystallography now shows that the metal ion more closely approaches the tertiary carbanion (2.418(6) Å) but that the planarity of the deprotonated carbon centre and the bonding pattern in the organic anion seen in the PMDTA complex are retained. DFT analysis corroborates both the short distance between aromatic ring and carbanion centre and the unperturbed nature of aromaticity in 6-Lil·L (L = Lewis base). The observation of two structure-types for the carbanion in solution is explained theoretically and by NMR spectroscopy in terms of cis and trans isomerism imparted by partial double bond character in the arene–(α-C) bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E H Wheatley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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Michel R, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Revealing Coordination Patterns in C5-Cyclic Lithium Organics. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200471e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reent Michel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Tatic T, Hermann S, John M, Loquet A, Lange A, Stalke D. Reines α-metalliertes Benzyllithium durch eine Einkristall-zu-Einkristall-Umwandlung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tatic T, Hermann S, John M, Loquet A, Lange A, Stalke D. Pure α-Metallated Benzyllithium from a Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:6666-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Reaction between benzyllithium and 2-ethylpyridine: chiral crystals of a 1-(2-pyridyl)ethyllithium complex versus formation of lithium 4-benzyl-2-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridinide. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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