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Jain AK, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Goldberg KI. The underappreciated influence of ancillary halide on metal–ligand proton tautomerism. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7837-7845. [PMID: 35865898 PMCID: PMC9258501 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Syntheses of Vaska-type complexes [IrP2X(CO)] (P = phosphine, X = halide) with all four common halides (fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide) was attempted using a protic and hemilabile imidazolyl di-tert-butyl phosphine ligand. In the solid-state, all four complexes were found to be ionic with the halides in the outer-sphere, and the fourth coordination site of the square plane occupied by the imidazole arm of the ligand. In solution, however, the chloride complex was found to be in equilibrium with an octahedral IrIII–H species at room temperature. For the bromide and iodide analogs, the corresponding IrIII–H species were also observed but only after heating the solutions. The neutral IrI Vaska's analogs for X = Cl, Br, and I were obtained upon addition of excess halide salt, albeit heating was required for X = Br and I. The IrIII–H species are proposed to originate from tautomerization of minor amounts of the electron rich neutral Vaska analog (halide inner-sphere and phosphines monodentate) that are in equilibrium with the ionic species. Heating is required for the larger anions of bromide and iodide to overcome a kinetic barrier associated with their movement to an inner-sphere position prior to tautormerization. For the fluoride analog, the IrIII–H was not observed, attributable to strong hydrogen bonding interactions of the imidazolyl proton with the fluoride anion. Ligand protonated IrI bisphosphine carbonyl complexes isolated as halide salts equilibrate with their neutral IrIII–H congeners in solution. The equilibrium constant and energy barrier to interconversion are dependent on the identity of the halide.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant Kumar Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Karen I. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
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2
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Dirican D, Talavera M, Braun T. Fluorination Reactions at a Platinum Carbene Complex: Reaction Routes to SF 3 , S(=O)F and Fluorido Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:17707-17712. [PMID: 34634177 PMCID: PMC9298267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The electron-rich Pt complex [Pt(IMes)2 ] (IMes: [1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolinylidine]) can be used as precursor for the syntheses of a variety of fluorido ligand containing compounds. The sulfur fluoride SF4 undergoes a rapid oxidative addition at Pt0 to yield trans-[Pt(F)(SF3 )(IMes)2 ]. A photolytic reaction of SF6 at [Pt(IMes)2 ] in the presence of IMes gave the fluorido complexes trans-[Pt(F)2 (IMes)2 ] and trans-[Pt(F)(SF3 )(IMes)2 ] along with trans-[Pt(F)(SOF)(IMes)2 ] and trans-[Pt(F)(IMes')(IMes)] (IMes': cyclometalated IMes ligand), the latter being products produced by reaction with adventitious water. trans-[Pt(F)(SOF)(IMes)2 ] and trans-[Pt(F)2 (IMes)2 ] were synthesized independently by treatment of [Pt(IMes)2 ] with SOF2 or XeF2 . A reaction of [Pt(IMes)2 ] with a HF source gave trans-[Pt(H)(F)(IMes)2 ], and an intermediate bifluorido complex trans-[Pt(H)(FHF)(IMes)2 ] was identified. Compound trans-[Pt(H)(F)(IMes)2 ] converts in the presence of CsF into trans-[Pt(F)(IMes')(IMes)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilcan Dirican
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Talavera
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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Wozniak M, Braun T, Ahrens M, Braun-Cula B, Wittwer P, Herrmann R, Laubenstein R. Activation of SF6 at a Xantphos-Type Rhodium Complex. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wozniak
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Braun-Cula
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Wittwer
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roy Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reik Laubenstein
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Synthesis and reactivity of a cationic palladium complex as possible intermediate in a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. J Fluor Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Baumgarth H, Meier G, Braun T, Braun‐Cula B. Rhodium and Iridium Fluorido and Bifluorido Complexes Derived from Peroxido Precursors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Baumgarth
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Gregor Meier
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Beatrice Braun‐Cula
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
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6
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Porras JA, Mills IN, Transue WJ, Bernhard S. Highly Fluorinated Ir(III)-2,2':6',2″-Terpyridine-Phenylpyridine-X Complexes via Selective C-F Activation: Robust Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Generation and Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9460-72. [PMID: 27387149 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorinated Ir(III)-terpyridine-phenylpyridine-X (X = anionic monodentate ligand) complexes were synthesized by selective C-F activation, whereby perfluorinated phenylpyridines were readily complexed. The combination of fluorinated phenylpyridine ligands with an electron-rich tri-tert-butyl terpyridine ligand generates a "push-pull" force on the electrons upon excitation, imparting significant enhancements to the stability, electrochemical, and photophysical properties of the complexes. Application of the complexes as photosensitizers for photocatalytic generation of hydrogen from water and as redox photocatalysts for decarboxylative fluorination of several carboxylic acids showcases the performance of the complexes in highly coordinating solvents, in some cases exceeding that of the leading photosensitizers. Changes in the photophysical properties and the nature of the excited states are observed as the compounds increase in fluorination as well as upon exchange of the ancillary chloride ligand to a cyanide. These changes in the excited states have been corroborated using density functional theory modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Porras
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Isaac N Mills
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wesley J Transue
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Baumgarth H, Braun T, Braun B, Laubenstein R, Herrmann R. Synthesis of an Iridium Peroxido Complex and Its Reactivity Towards Brønsted Acids. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Baumgarth
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun
| | - Beatrice Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun
| | - Reik Laubenstein
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun
| | - Roy Herrmann
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun
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8
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Truscott BJ, Nahra F, Slawin AMZ, Cordes DB, Nolan SP. Fluoride, bifluoride and trifluoromethyl complexes of iridium(i) and rhodium(i). Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:62-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07772e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
New methods for the preparation of a range of NHC-based Ir(i) and Rh(i) fluoride, bifluoride and trifluoromethyl complexes are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fady Nahra
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St. Andrews
- St. Andrews
- UK
| | | | - David B. Cordes
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St. Andrews
- St. Andrews
- UK
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St. Andrews
- St. Andrews
- UK
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9
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Maity A, Stanek RJ, Anderson BL, Zeller M, Hunter AD, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Gray TG. Fluoride Complexes of Cyclometalated Iridium(III). Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5009555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Maity
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Robert J. Stanek
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Bryce L. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department
of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, United States
| | - Allen D. Hunter
- Department
of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Thomas G. Gray
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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10
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Ahrens T, Kohlmann J, Ahrens M, Braun T. Functionalization of fluorinated molecules by transition-metal-mediated C-F bond activation to access fluorinated building blocks. Chem Rev 2014; 115:931-72. [PMID: 25347593 DOI: 10.1021/cr500257c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresia Ahrens
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Department of Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Meier G, Steck V, Braun B, Eißler A, Herrmann R, Ahrens M, Laubenstein R, Braun T. Synthesis and Structures of Fluorinated (β‐Diketiminato)rhodium Complexes: Si–H Activation of Silanes at a Carbonyl Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Meier
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Viktoria Steck
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Beatrice Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Anna Eißler
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Roy Herrmann
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Reik Laubenstein
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
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12
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Bramananthan N, Carmona M, Lowe JP, Mahon MF, Poulten RC, Whittlesey MK. Rh–FHF and Rh–F Complexes Containing Small N-Alkyl Substituted Six-Membered Ring N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bramananthan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K
| | - María Carmona
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K
| | - John P. Lowe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K
| | - Rebecca C. Poulten
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K
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13
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Zámostná L, Braun T, Braun B. SF and SC Activation of SF6and SF5Derivatives at Rhodium: Conversion of SF6into H2S. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Zámostná L, Braun T, Braun B. SF and SC Activation of SF6and SF5Derivatives at Rhodium: Conversion of SF6into H2S. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2745-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Fernández-Alvarez FJ, Iglesias M, Oro LA, Polo V. CO2Activation and Catalysis Driven by Iridium Complexes. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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17
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Kläring P, Braun T. Insertion of CS2into Iridium-Fluorine Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11096-101. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Eiβler A, Kläring P, Emmerling F, Braun T. α‐Dialdimine Complexes of Rhodium(I) and Iridium(I): Their Reactivity with Dioxygen and Dihydrogen. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Eiβler
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7468, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Paul Kläring
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7468, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard‐Willstätter‐Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook‐Taylor‐Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7468, http://www2.hu‐berlin.de/chemie/braun/
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Breyer D, Berger J, Braun T, Mebs S. Nickel fluoro complexes as intermediates in catalytic cross-coupling reactions. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Breyer D, Braun T, Kläring P. Synthesis and Reactivity of the Fluoro Complex trans-[Pd(F)(4-C5NF4)(iPr2PCH2CH2OCH3)2]: C–F Bond Formation and Catalytic C–F Bond Activation Reactions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om200998d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Breyer
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin,
Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin,
Germany
| | - Paul Kläring
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin,
Germany
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