1
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Esteruelas MA, Moreno-Blázquez S, Oliván M, Oñate E. N,C,N-Pincers in Platinum Bimetallic Complexes: Influence of the Pincer and Bridging Ligands on the Metal-Metal Bond and the Photophysical Properties. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:14482-14494. [PMID: 39028899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Precursors PtCl{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HMe2-py]} (1), PtCl{κ3-N,C,N-[py-O-C6H3-O-py]} (2), Pt(OH){κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HMe2-py]} (3), and Pt(OH){κ3-N,C,N-[py-O-C6H3-O-py]} (4) were used to prepare d8-platinum bimetallic complexes. Precursors 1 and 2 react with AgBF4 and 7-azaindole (Haz) to give [Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HMe2-py]}{κ1-N-[Haz]}]BF4 (5) and [Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[py-O-C6H3-O-py]}{κ1-N-[Haz]}]BF4 (6) and 3 and 4 with indolo[2,3-b]indole (H2ii) to generate Pt{κ1-N-[Hii]}{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HMe2-py]} (7) and Pt{κ1-N-[Hii]}{κ3-N,C,N-[py-O-C6H3-O-py]} (8). Subsequent addition of 3 and 4 to 5-7 affords bimetallic derivatives [{Pt[κ3-N,C,N-(py-C6HMe2-py)]}2{μ-N,N-[az]}]BF4 (9), [{Pt[κ3-N,C,N-(py-O-C6H3-O-py)]}2{μ-N,N-[az]}]BF4 (10), and {Pt[κ3-N,C,N-(py-C6HMe2-py)]}2{μ-N,N-[ii]} (11). X-ray structures of 9-11 reveal separations between the metals in sequence 9 (3.0515(4) Å) < 10 (3.2689(9) Å) < 11 (3.2949(2) Å). DFT calculations support σ overlap of the dz2 orbitals of platinum atoms, for 9 and 10. Accordingly, their absorption spectra show a MMLCT transition. Complex 9 is a red emitter. The excited state has 3MMLCT characteristics and a Pt-Pt separation of 2.763 Å. Complex 11 is a dual emitter in the red and NIR regions, in solid. Both excited states have a 3LC/LMCT characteristic and platinum-platinum separations of 3.290 and 3.202 Å. Intermediate 5 is a green emitter that achieves quantum yields close to unity, when diluted in PMMA and 1,2-dichloroethane at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) - Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Blázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) - Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) - Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) - Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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2
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Paderina A, Slavova S, Petrovskii S, Grachova E. Alkynylphosphonium Pt(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Features of Photophysical Properties in Solution and in the Solid State. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18056-18068. [PMID: 37886882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of heteroleptic bis-alkynyl-diimine mononuclear Pt(II) complexes with alkynylphosphonium and di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dtbpy) ligands have been prepared and characterized by spectroscopic methods and single-crystal XRD. The Pt(II) complexes obtained in the present study demonstrate triplet emission in solution, which originates from 3MLCT/3LC states where the nature of the π-conjugated linker in the alkynylphosphonium ligand manages the contributions of each transition, and this conclusion is supported by DFT calculations. Additionally, the presence of the phosphonium group connected to alkynyl through the π-conjugated linker enhances nonlinear optical properties of the Pt(II) complexes increasing two-photon absorption cross section up to 400 GM. In the solid state, the Pt(II) complexes demonstrate emission that is attributed to 3MMLCT transitions due to the presence of Pt-Pt metallophilic interactions, and the reversible assembly and disassembly of these interactions by grinding and solvent treatment are responsible for the mechanochromic luminescence. It has been experimentally shown that stimuli-responsive emission of the Pt(II) complexes is the result of a "monomer/dimer" transformation; this conclusion is confirmed by DFT calculations for discrete complexes and different dimers with or without Pt-Pt interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Paderina
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University, Universitetskii pr 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Sofia Slavova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislav Petrovskii
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University, Universitetskii pr 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Elena Grachova
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University, Universitetskii pr 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
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3
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Ahmad MG, Balamurali MM, Chanda K. Click-derived multifunctional metal complexes for diverse applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5051-5087. [PMID: 37431583 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00343d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The Click reaction that involves Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) serves as the most potent and highly dependable tool for the development of many complex architectures. It has paved the way for the synthesis of numerous drug molecules with enhanced synthetic flexibility, reliability, specificity and modularity. It is all about bringing two different molecular entities together to achieve the required molecular properties. The utilization of Click chemistry has been well demonstrated in organic synthesis, particularly in reactions that involve biocompatible precursors. In pharmaceutical research, Click chemistry is extensively utilized for drug delivery applications. The exhibited bio-compatibility and dormancy towards other biological components under cellular environments makes Click chemistry an identified boon in bio-medical research. In this review, various click-derived transition metal complexes are discussed in terms of their applications and uniqueness. The scope of this chemistry towards other streams of applied sciences is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Gulzar Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M M Balamurali
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai campus, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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4
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Esteruelas MA, Moreno-Blázquez S, Oliván M, Oñate E. Competition between N, C, N-Pincer and N, N-Chelate Ligands in Platinum(II). Inorg Chem 2023; 62:10152-10170. [PMID: 37343120 PMCID: PMC11003652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Replacement of the chloride ligand of PtCl{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HR2-py]} (R = H (1), Me (2)) and PtCl{κ3-N,C,N-[py-O-C6H3-O-py]} (3) by hydroxido gives Pt(OH){κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HR2-py]} (R = H (4), Me (5)) and Pt(OH){κ3-N,C,N-[py-O-C6H3-O-py]} (6). These compounds promote deprotonation of 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole, 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-methylpyrazole, 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-trifluoromethylpyrazole, and 2-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrrole. The coordination of the anions generates square-planar derivatives, which in solution exist as a unique species or equilibria between isomers. Reactions of 4 and 5 with 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole and 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-methylpyrazole provide Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HR2-py]}{κ1-N1-[R'pz-py]} (R = H; R' = H (7), Me (8). R = Me; R' = H (9), Me (10)), displaying κ1-N1-pyridylpyrazolate coordination. A 5-trifluoromethyl substituent causes N1-to-N2 slide. Thus, 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-trifluoromethylpyrazole affords equilibria between Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HR2-py]}{κ1-N1-[CF3pz-py]} (R = H (11a), Me (12a)) and Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HR2-py]}{κ1-N2-[CF3pz-py]} (R = H (11b), Me (12b)). 1,3-Bis(2-pyridyloxy)phenyl allows the chelating coordination of the incoming anions. Deprotonations of 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole and its substituted 5-methyl counterpart promoted by 6 lead to equilibria between Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[pyO-C6H3-Opy]}{κ1-N1-[R'pz-py]} (R' = H (13a), Me (14a)) with a κ-N1-pyridylpyrazolate anion, keeping the pincer coordination of the di(pyridyloxy)aryl ligand, and Pt{κ2-N,C-[pyO-C6H3(Opy)]}{κ2-N,N-[R'pz-py]} (R' = H (13c), Me (14c)) with two chelates. Under the same conditions, 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-trifluoromethylpyrazole generates the three possible isomers: Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[pyO-C6H3-Opy]}{κ1-N1-[CF3pz-py]} (15a), Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[pyO-C6H3-Opy]}{κ1-N2-[CF3pz-py]} (15b), and Pt{κ2-N,C-[pyO-C6H3(Opy)]}{κ2-N,N-[CF3pz-py]} (15c). The N1-pyrazolate atom produces a remote stabilizing effect on the chelating form, pyridylpyrazolates being better chelate ligands than pyridylpyrrolates. Accordingly, reactions of 4-6 with 2-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrrole yield Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[py-C6HR2-py]}{κ1-N1-[(CF3)2C4(py)HN]} (R = H (16), Me (17)) or Pt{κ3-N,C,N-[pyO-C6H3-Opy]}{κ1-N1-[(CF3)2C4(py)HN]} (18), displaying κ1-N1-pyrrolate coordination. Complexes 7-10 are efficient green phosphorescent emitters (488-576 nm). In poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films and in dichloromethane, they experience self-quenching, due to molecular stacking. Aggregation occurs through aromatic π-π interactions, reinforced by weak platinum-platinum interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química
Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza—CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Blázquez
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química
Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza—CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química
Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza—CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis
Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química
Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza—CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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5
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Post-Functionalization of Organometallic Complexes via Click-Reaction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196494. [PMID: 36235030 PMCID: PMC9614606 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CuAAC (Cu catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition) click-reaction is a simple and powerful method for the post-synthetic modification of organometallic complexes of transition metals. This approach allows the selective introduction of additional donor sites or functional groups to the periphery of the ligand environment. This is especially important if a metalloligand with free donor sites, which are of the same nature as the primary site for the coordination of the primary metal, has to be created. The concept of post-synthetic modification of organometallic complexes by click-reaction is relatively recent and the currently available experimental material does not yet allow us to identify trends and formulate recommendations to address specific problems. In the present study, we have applied the CuAAC reaction for the post-synthetic modification of diimine mononuclear complexes Re(I), Pt(II) and Ir(III) with C≡C bonds at the periphery of the ligand environment and demonstrated that click-chemistry is a powerful tool for the tunable chemical post-synthetic modification of coordination compounds.
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6
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Sutton JJ, Preston D, Traber P, Steinmetzer J, Wu X, Kayal S, Sun XZ, Crowley JD, George MW, Kupfer S, Gordon KC. Excited-State Switching in Rhenium(I) Bipyridyl Complexes with Donor-Donor and Donor-Acceptor Substituents. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9082-9093. [PMID: 34111929 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of two Re(CO)3(bpy)Cl complexes in which the bpy is substituted with two donor (triphenylamine, TPA, ReTPA2) as well as both donor (TPA) and acceptor (benzothiadiazole, BTD, ReTPA-BTD) groups are presented. For ReTPA2 the absorption spectra show intense intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) bands at 460 nm with small solvatochromic behavior; for ReTPA-BTD the ILCT transitions are weaker. These transitions are assigned as TPA → bpy transitions as supported by resonance Raman data and TDDFT calculations. The excited-state spectroscopy shows the presence of two emissive states for both complexes. The intensity of these emission signals is modulated by solvent. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy definitively assigns the excited states present in CH2Cl2 to be MLCT in nature, and in MeCN the excited states are ILCT in nature. DFT calculations indicated this switching with solvent is governed by access to states controlled by spin-orbit coupling, which is sufficiently different in the two solvents, allowing to select out each of the charge-transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Sutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Philipp Traber
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Steinmetzer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Surajit Kayal
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Xue-Z Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Michael W George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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7
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Gao Q, Peng F, Wang C, Lin J, Chang X, Zou C, Lu W. Phosphorescent Zwitterionic Pt(
II
)
N
‐Heterocyclic
Allenylidene Complexes: Metallophilicity and Ionic
Self‐Assembly
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chuanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jinqiang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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8
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Neugebauer M, Schmitz S, Brünink D, Doltsinis NL, Klein A. Dynamics of the efficient cyclometalation of the undercoordinated organoplatinum complex [Pt(COD)(neoPh)] + (neoPh = 2-methyl-2-phenylpropyl). NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04811a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The cyclometalation reaction of [Pt(COD)(κ1-neoPh)]+ (neoPh = 2-methyl-2-phenylpropyl) to [Pt(COD)(κ2-neoPh)] was studied experimentally and mechanistically using DFT and MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Neugebauer
- University of Cologne
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- D-50939 Cologne
- Germany
| | - Simon Schmitz
- University of Cologne
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- D-50939 Cologne
- Germany
| | - Dana Brünink
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Axel Klein
- University of Cologne
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- D-50939 Cologne
- Germany
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9
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Photoluminescence of platinum(II) diethynylphenanthroline organometallic complexes with bis-arylethynyl derivatives in solution and solid state. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Neugebauer M, Schmitz S, Krause M, L. Doltsinis N, Klein A. Reactions of the organoplatinum complex [Pt(cod) (neoSi)Cl] (neoSi = trimethylsilylmethyl) with the non-coordinating anions SbF6– and BPh4–. OPEN CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2018-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractReactions of the organoplatinum complex [Pt(cod)(neoSi)Cl] (neoSi = (trimethylsilylmethyl) with the Ag(I) salts of oxo or fluoride containing anions A– = NO3–, ClO4–, OTf – (trifluoromethanesulfonate) and SbF6– lead to the desired abstraction of the chlorido ligand and precipitation of AgCl. However, further reaction of the resulting Pt complexes [Pt(cod)(neoSi) (solvent)]+ with diverse N-heterocyclic ligands L such as pyridines, caffeine, and guanine did not yield the targeted complexes [Pt(cod)(neoSi)(L)](A) in most of the cases, but to extensive decomposition yielding [Pt(cod)(Me) (solvent)]+, thus transforming the neoSi into a methyl ligand. A detailed study on the reaction with SbF6– combining DFT calculations with NMR and MS revealed that Pt catalysed decomposition of SbF6‒ and fluorination of the neoSi silicon atom leading to FSiMe3. When reacting the parent complex with Ag(BPh4), the arylated derivative [Pt(cod)(neoSi)(Ph)] was obtained and characterised by multinuclear NMR, MS and single crystal XRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Neugebauer
- Universität zu Köln, Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie Greinstraße 6, D-50939Köln, Germany
| | - Simon Schmitz
- Universität zu Köln, Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie Greinstraße 6, D-50939Köln, Germany
| | - Maren Krause
- Universität zu Köln, Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie Greinstraße 6, D-50939Köln, Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Axel Klein
- Universität zu Köln, Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie Greinstraße 6, D-50939Köln, Germany
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11
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Wilde S, Stegemann L, Daniliuc CG, Koch T, Doltsinis NL, Strassert CA. Studie über den Einfluss des Fluorierungsgrades an einem tetradentaten C^N*N^C-Luminophor auf die photophysikalischen Eigenschaften seiner Platin(II)-Komplexe und deren Aggregation. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2018-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Herein, we present three new tetradentate C^N*N^C luminophores and their platinum(II) complexes. We describe the influence of the degree of fluorination at the phenylpyridine luminophore on the photophysical properties of the monomeric species. A blue-shift can be observed with increasing number of fluorine atoms (0–6), which is related to a growing HOMO-LUMO gap that reaches a maximum for four halogen moieties. Increasing degree of fluorination enables intermolecular Pt–Pt interactions and promotes emission from 3MMLCT states in amorphous solids and matrices, with the drawback of lowered solubility. A clear trend towards layered packing patterns in crystals has been observed within the series. This knowledge is important for the design and realization of triplet emitters with aggregation-controlled luminescence towards potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wilde
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11 , Münster D-48149 , Germany
| | - Linda Stegemann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11 , Münster D-48149 , Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , Münster D-48149 , Germany
| | - Tobias Koch
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie und Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 , Münster D-48149 , Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie und Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 , Münster D-48149 , Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11 , Münster D-48149 , Germany
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12
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Hebenbrock M, Stegemann L, Kösters J, Doltsinis NL, Müller J, Strassert CA. Phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes bearing a monoanionic C^N^N luminophore and tunable ancillary ligands. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:3160-3169. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00393e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new monoanionic pincer luminophore is presented, yielding phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes bearing a neutral 1,2,3-triazole ring introduced via click chemistry. The overall charge, intermolecular interactions and excited state properties can be manipulated and controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Hebenbrock
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Linda Stegemann
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
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13
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Huff GS, Lo WKC, Horvath R, Turner JO, Sun XZ, Weal GR, Davidson HJ, Kennedy ADW, McAdam CJ, Crowley JD, George MW, Gordon KC. Excited States of Triphenylamine-Substituted 2-Pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12238-12253. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S. Huff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Warrick K. C. Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Raphael Horvath
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Jack O. Turner
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Xue-Zhong Sun
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Geoffrey R. Weal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | | | | | - C. John McAdam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. George
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Department of Chemical and Environmental
Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East
Road, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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14
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Liu FW, Niu LY, Chen Y, Ramamurthy V, Wu LZ, Tung CH, Chen YZ, Yang QZ. A Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Bipyridyl Supramolecular Polymer Based on Quadruple Hydrogen Bonds. Chemistry 2016; 22:18132-18139. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 29 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Li-Ya Niu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 29 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | | | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 29 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 29 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Yu-Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 29 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Qing-Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
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15
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Synthesis, photophysical characterization and DFT studies on fluorine-free deep-blue emitting Pt(II) complexes. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2015-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Herein we show that cyclometalated, square planar Pt(II) complexes can be tuned to achieve deep-blue phosphorescent emitters. For this purpose, the introduction of an electron-donating moiety on two different bidentate NˆN and NˆO fluorine-free luminophores, namely 2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine and picolinic acid, was carried out. The remaining two coordination sites of the Pt(II) metal center were filled by a sterically demanding cyclometallating unit, namely a tertiary phosphite CˆP ligand. This ancillary ligand avoids aggregation and provides high solubility in organic solvents. Based on this approach, we were able to blue-shift the emission of the complexes down to 411 nm, and to achieve a maximal photoluminescence quantum yield of 56% in the solid state.
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16
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Galstyan A, Naziruddin AR, Cebrián C, Iordache A, Daniliuc CG, De Cola L, Strassert CA. Correlating the Structural and Photophysical Features of Pincer Luminophores and Monodentate Ancillary Ligands in PtIIPhosphors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Stengel I, Götz G, Weil M, Bäuerle P. A Dinuclear (bpy)PtII-Decorated Crownophane. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Lo WKC, Huff GS, Cubanski JR, Kennedy ADW, McAdam CJ, McMorran DA, Gordon KC, Crowley JD. Comparison of inverse and regular 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole "click" complexes: structures, stability, electrochemical, and photophysical properties. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:1572-87. [PMID: 25615621 DOI: 10.1021/ic502557w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two inverse 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole "click" ligands, 2-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine and 2-(4-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine, and their palladium(II), platinum(II), rhenium(I), and ruthenium(II) complexes have been synthesized in good to excellent yields. The properties of these inverse "click" complexes have been compared to the isomeric regular compounds using a variety of techniques. X-ray crystallographic analysis shows that the regular and inverse complexes are structurally very similar. However, the chemical and physical properties of the isomers are quite different. Ligand exchange studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that metal complexes of the regular 2-(1-R-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (R = phenyl, benzyl) ligands are more stable than those formed with the inverse 2-(4-R-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine (R = phenyl, benzyl) "click" chelators. Additionally, the bis-2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) ruthenium(II) complexes of the "click" chelators have been shown to have short excited state lifetimes, which in the inverse triazole case, resulted in ejection of the 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ligand from the complex. Under identical conditions, the isomeric regular 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ruthenium(II) bpy complexes are photochemically inert. The absorption spectra of the inverse rhenium(I) and platinum(II) complexes are red-shifted compared to the regular compounds. It is shown that conjugation between the substituent group R and triazolyl unit has a negligible effect on the photophysical properties of the complexes. The inverse rhenium(I) complexes have large Stokes shifts, long metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state lifetimes, and respectable quantum yields which are relatively solvent insensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warrick K C Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago , P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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19
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Sanning J, Ewen PR, Stegemann L, Schmidt J, Daniliuc CG, Koch T, Doltsinis NL, Wegner D, Strassert CA. Rastertunnelspektroskopisch gesteuertes Design maßgeschneiderter tiefblauer Triplettemitter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201407439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Sanning J, Ewen PR, Stegemann L, Schmidt J, Daniliuc CG, Koch T, Doltsinis NL, Wegner D, Strassert CA. Scanning-Tunneling-Spectroscopy-Directed Design of Tailored Deep-Blue Emitters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:786-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Liu L, Guo S, Ma J, Xu K, Zhao J, Zhang T. Broadband Visible-Light-Harvestingtrans-Bis(alkylphosphine) Platinum(II)-Alkynyl Complexes with Singlet Energy Transfer between BODIPY and Naphthalene Diimide Ligands. Chemistry 2014; 20:14282-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Induced Self-Assembly of Platinum(II) Alkynyl Complexes through Specific Interactions between Citrate and Guanidinium for Proof-of-Principle Detection of Citrate and an Assay of Citrate Lyase. Chemistry 2014; 20:13016-27. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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23
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Stengel I, Strassert CA, De Cola L, Bäuerle P. Tracking Intramolecular Interactions in Flexibly Linked Binuclear Platinum(II) Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om4004237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Stengel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced
Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Nanotechnology and Physikalisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstrasse
11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Nanotechnology and Physikalisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstrasse
11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced
Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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24
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Friebe C, Schulze B, Görls H, Jäger M, Schubert US. Designing Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Complexes for Anodic Electropolymerization. Chemistry 2014; 20:2357-66. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Schulze B, Schubert US. Beyond click chemistry – supramolecular interactions of 1,2,3-triazoles. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:2522-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60386e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 583] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Gourlaouen C, Daniel C. Spin–orbit effects in square-planar Pt(ii) complexes with bidentate and terdentate ligands: theoretical absorption/emission spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:17806-19. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01822b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical “spin-free” (in black) and “spin–orbit” (in red) absorption spectra of [Pt(tpy)Cl]+ and electronic densities characterizing the main intense bands MLCT/XLCT at 384 nm, and MLCT/LC at 326 nm and 250 nm (the experimental spectrum is shown in the inset).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique UMR-7177 CNRS-UdS
- Université de Strasbourg
- F-67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Chantal Daniel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique UMR-7177 CNRS-UdS
- Université de Strasbourg
- F-67008 Strasbourg, France
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27
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White JD, Osborn MF, Moghaddam AD, Guzman LE, Haley MM, DeRose VJ. Picazoplatin, an azide-containing platinum(II) derivative for target analysis by click chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11680-3. [PMID: 23879391 PMCID: PMC4130293 DOI: 10.1021/ja402453k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the broad use of platinum-based chemotherapeutics, identification of their full range of cellular targets remains a significant challenge. In order to identify, visualize, and isolate cellular targets of Pt(II) complexes, we have modified the chemotherapeutic drug picoplatin with an azide moiety for subsequent click reactivity. The new compound picazoplatin readily binds DNA and RNA oligonucleotides and undergoes facile post-labeling click reactions to alkyne-fluorophore conjugates. Pt-fluorophore click reactions in rRNA purified from drug-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrate its potential for future in vivo efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan D. Moghaddam
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Lindsay E. Guzman
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Victoria J. DeRose
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253 USA
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28
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Liu L, Huang D, Draper SM, Yi X, Wu W, Zhao J. Visible light-harvesting trans bis(alkylphosphine) platinum(ii)-alkynyl complexes showing long-lived triplet excited states as triplet photosensitizers for triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:10694-706. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50496d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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29
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Gibard C, Avignant D, Cisnetti F, Gautier A. CuAAC Functionalization of Azide-Tagged Copper(I)-NHCs Acting as Catalyst and Substrate. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3005355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Gibard
- Institut de Chimie
de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS UMR 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, F-63177 Aubière,
France
| | - Daniel Avignant
- Institut de Chimie
de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS UMR 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, F-63177 Aubière,
France
| | - Federico Cisnetti
- Institut de Chimie
de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS UMR 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, F-63177 Aubière,
France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Institut de Chimie
de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS UMR 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, F-63177 Aubière,
France
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30
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Volz D, Baumann T, Flügge H, Mydlak M, Grab T, Bächle M, Barner-Kowollik C, Bräse S. Auto-catalysed crosslinking for next-generation OLED-design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33291d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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