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Sundaresan S, Brooker S. Solution Spin Crossover Versus Speciation Effects: A Cautionary Tale. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37482662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Two acyclic tetradentate Schiff base ligands, HLX-OH (X = H and Br), were synthesised by 2:1 condensation of either 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde or 5-bromo-2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde and 1,3-diamino-2-propanol and then used to prepare six mononuclear complexes, [FeII(HLX-OH)(NCE)2], with three different NCE co-ligands (E = BH3, Se, and S). The apparent solution spin crossover switching temperature, T1/2, of these 6 complexes, determined by Evans method NMR studies, is tuned by several factors: (a) substituent X present at the 5 position of the pyridine ring of the ligand, (b) E present in the NCE co-ligand, (c) solvent employed (P'), and (d) potentially also by speciation effects. In CD3CN, for the pair of NCE = NCBH3 complexes, when X = H, the complex is practically LS (extrapolated T1/2 ∼624 K), whereas when X = Br, it is far lower (373 K), which implies a higher field strength when X = H than when it is Br. The same trend, X = H results in a higher apparent T1/2 than X = Br, is seen for the other two pairs of complexes, with E = Se (429 > 351 K, ΔT1/2 = 78 K) or S (361 > 342 K, ΔT1/2 = 19 K). For the family of three X = Br complexes, the change of E from BH3 (373 K) to Se (351 K) to S (342 K) leads to an overall ΔT1/2(apparent) = 31 K, whereas the decreases are far more pronounced in the X = H family (BH3 ∼624 > Se 429 > S 361 K). Changing the solvent used from CD3CN to (CD3)2CO and CD3NO2, for [FeII(HLBr-OH)(NCE)2] with either E = BH3 or S, revealed excellent, and very similar, positive linear correlations (R2 = 0.99) of increasing solvent polarity index P' (from 5 to 7) with increasing apparent T1/2 of the complex (E = BH3 gave T1/2 300 < 373 < 451 K , ΔT1/2 = 151 K; E = S gave T1/2 288 < 342 < 427 K, ΔT1/2 = 147 K). Several other solvent parameters were also correlated with the apparent T1/2 of these complexes (R2 = 0.74-0.96). Excellent linear correlations (R2 = 0.99) are also obtained with the coordination ability (aTM) of the three NCE co-ligands with the apparent T1/2 in both families of compounds, [FeII(HLX-OH)(NCE)2] where X = H or Br. The 15N NMR chemical shifts of the nitrogen atom in the three NCE co-ligands (direct measurement) show modest correlations (R2 = 0.74 for LH-OH family and 0.80 for LBr-OH family) with the apparent T1/2 values of the corresponding complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Sundaresan
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Sil D, Khan FST, Rath SP. Effect of intermacrocyclic interactions: Modulation of metal spin-state in oxo/hydroxo/fluoro-bridged diiron(III)/dimanganese(III) porphyrin dimers. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Structural Evidence of Spin State Selection and Spin Crossover Behavior of Tripodal Schiff Base Complexes of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and Related Tripodal Amines. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A review of the tripodal Schiff base (SB) complexes of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, Nap(CH2CH 2NH2)3 (tren), and a few closely related tripodal amines with Cr(II), Mn(III) (d4), Mn(II), Fe(III) (d5), Fe(II) (d6), and Co(II) (d7) is provided. Attention is focused on examination of key structural features, the M-Nimine, M-Namine, or M-O and M-Nap bond distances and Nimine-M-N(O) bite and C-Nap-C angles and how these values correlate with spin state selection and spin crossover (SCO) behavior. A comparison of these experimental values with density functional theory calculated values is also given. The greatest number, 132, of complexes is observed with cationic mononuclear iron(II) in a N6 donor set, Fe(II)N6. The dominance of two spin states, high spin (HS) and low spin (LS), in these systems is indicated by the bimodal distribution of histogram plots of Fe(II)-Nimine and Fe(II)-Nazole/pyridine bond distances and of Nimine–Fe(II)-Nazole/pyridine and C-Nap-C bond angles. The values of the two maxima, corresponding to LS and HS states, in each of these histograms agree closely with the theoretical values. The iron(II)-Nimine and iron(II)-Nazole/pyridine bond distances correlate well for these complexes. Examples of SCO complexes of this type are tabulated and a few of the 20 examples are discussed that exhibit interesting features. There are only a few mononuclear iron(III) cationic complexes and one is SCO. In addition, a significant number of supramolecular complexes of these ligands that exhibit SCO, intervalence, and chiral recognition are discussed. A summary is made regarding the current state of this area of research and possible new avenues to explore based on analysis of the present data.
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Klug CM, Ozumerzifon TJ, Bhowmick I, Livesay BN, Rappé AK, Shores MP. Anionic guest-dependent slow magnetic relaxation in Co(ii) tripodal iminopyridine complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9117-9126. [PMID: 30843557 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the syntheses and magnetic property characterizations of four mononuclear cobalt(ii) complex salts featuring a tripodal iminopyridine ligand with external anion receptor groups, [CoL5-ONHtBu]X2 (X = Cl (1), Br (2), I (3) and ClO4 (4)). While all four salts exhibit anion binding through pendant amide moieties, only in the case of 1 is field-induced slow relaxation of magnetisation observed, whereas in the other salts this phenomenon is absent at the limits of our instrumentation. The effect of chloride inducing a seventh Co-N interaction and concomitant structural distortion is hypothesized as the origin of the observed dynamic magnetic properties observed in 1. Ab initio computational studies carried out on a 7-coordinate Co(ii) model species survey the complex interplay of coordination number and trigonal twisting on the sign and magnitude of the axial anisotropy parameter (D), and identify structural features whose distortions can trigger large switches in the sign and magnitude of magnetic anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Klug
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Rodríguez-Jiménez S, Brooker S. Qualitative Guest Sensing via Iron(II) Triazole Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8188-8197. [PMID: 31124665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The pyridazine-pyridine triazole-based Rat ligand, Lpydzpy [4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(3-pyridazinyl)-5-(2-pyridinyl)-1,2,4-triazole], is potentially ditopic. Nevertheless, Lpydzpy is shown herein to exclusively form mononuclear iron(II) complexes, [FeII(Lpydzpy)2(NCE)2]·solvent, in the presence of coordinating NCE anions (E = S or Se). Specifically, a new family of 10 mononuclear complexes, in which Lpydzpy binds in a monotopic bidentate manner, has been made: two solvent-free complexes, [FeII(Lpydzpy)2(NCS)2] (1) and [FeII(Lpydzpy)2(NCSe)2] (2); six solvatomorphs, 1·4CH3CN, 2·4CH3CN, 1·2.25CH3CN, 2·3CH3CN, 2·tetrahydrofuran, and 2·CHCl3; and a pair of desolvated polymorphs, 1' and 2'. Seven of them are spin crossover-active, the exceptions being 1, 2, and 2'. This is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) for 1, 2, 1·4CH3CN, and 2·4CH3CN and is consistent with variable-temperature optical microscopy observations on single crystals of 1·4CH3CN and 2·4CH3CN and on samples of 1' and 2'. Powder XRD, thermogravimetric analysis, and solid-state magnetometry reveal that desolvated 1' and 2' are capable of absorbing and desorbing a range of volatile guests: CH3CN in both cases and also tetrahydrofuran and CHCl3 in the case of 2'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
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Ozumerzifon TJ, Higgins RF, Joyce JP, Kolanowski JL, Rappé AK, Shores MP. Evidence for Reagent-Induced Spin-State Switching in Tripodal Fe(II) Iminopyridine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7785-7793. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik J. Ozumerzifon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Robert F. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Justin P. Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jacek L. Kolanowski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anthony K. Rappé
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Matthew P. Shores
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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Singh S, Hogue RW, Feltham HLC, Brooker S. Dinuclear helicate and tetranuclear cage assembly using appropriately designed ditopic triazole-azine ligands. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15435-15444. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01890e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Architecture, helicate or cage, is controlled by choice of meta vs. para phenylene linker in new, robust, ditopic triazole-pyrimidine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Singh
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- University of Otago
- Dunedin 9054
- New Zealand
| | - Ross W. Hogue
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- University of Otago
- Dunedin 9054
- New Zealand
| | - Humphrey L. C. Feltham
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- University of Otago
- Dunedin 9054
- New Zealand
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- University of Otago
- Dunedin 9054
- New Zealand
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Cook BJ, Chen CH, Pink M, Caulton KG. Dehydrohalogenation of proton responsive complexes: versatile aggregation via pyrazolate pincer ligand arms. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2052-2060. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The behavior of the complex (H2L)CoCl2, where H2L is a bis-(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine, towards Brønsted bases is studied, to evaluate peripheral NH deprotonation as a route to a dianionic pincer ligand on a d7 center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Cook
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
- Indiana University Molecular Structure Center
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
- Indiana University Molecular Structure Center
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Oxo- and hydroxo-bridged diiron(III) porphyrin dimers: Inorganic and bio-inorganic perspectives and effects of intermacrocyclic interactions. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Kulmaczewski R, Cespedes O, Halcrow MA. Gradual Thermal Spin-Crossover Mediated by a Reentrant Z′ = 1 → Z′ = 6 → Z′ = 1 Phase Transition. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:3144-3148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Kulmaczewski
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics
and Astronomy, University of Leeds, E. C. Stoner Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Malcolm A. Halcrow
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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Ozumerzifon TJ, Bhowmick I, Spaller WC, Rappé AK, Shores MP. Toward steric control of guest binding modality: a cationic Co(ii) complex exhibiting cation binding and zero-field relaxation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4211-4214. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01172e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cationic Co(ii) complex shows slow magnetic relaxation in zero field and cation binding properties; computations support distortion-driven magnetic anisotropy.
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Gaudette AI, Thorarinsdottir AE, Harris TD. pH-Dependent spin state population and 19F NMR chemical shift via remote ligand protonation in an iron(ii) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12962-12965. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08158h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An FeII complex that features a pH-dependent spin state population and 19F chemical shift, by virtue of a variable ligand protonation state, is described.
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13
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Khan FST, Guchhait T, Sasmal S, Rath SP. Hydroxo-bridged diiron(iii) and dimanganese(iii) bisporphyrins: modulation of metal spins by counter anions. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:1012-1037. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03829h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A brief account has been presented on how the inter-heme interactions in μ-hydroxo diiron(iii) bisporphyrins and counter anions can induce significant change in the structure and properties including the iron spin state without affecting the overall topology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tapas Guchhait
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
| | - Sujit Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
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Khan FST, Pandey AK, Rath SP. Remarkable Anion-Dependent Spin-State Switching in Diiron(III) μ-Hydroxo Bisporphyrins: What Role do Counterions Play? Chemistry 2016; 22:16124-16137. [PMID: 27682429 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Addition of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (HTNP) to an ethene-bridged diiron(III) μ-oxo bisporphyrin (1) in CH2 Cl2 initially leads to the formation of diiron(III) μ-hydroxo bisporphyrin (2⋅TNP) with a phenolate counterion that, after further addition of HTNP or dissolution in a nonpolar solvent, converts to a diiron(III) complex with axial phenoxide coordination (3⋅(TNP)2 ). The progress of the reaction from μ-oxo to μ-hydroxo to axially ligated complex has been monitored in solution by using 1 H NMR spectroscopy because their signals appear in three different and distinct spectral regions. The X-ray structure of 2⋅TNP revealed that the nearly planar TNP counterion fits perfectly within the bisporphyrin cavity to form a strong hydrogen bond with the μ-hydroxo group, which thus stabilizes the two equivalent iron centers. In contrast, such counterions as I5 , I3 , BF4 , SbF6 , and PF6 are found to be tightly associated with one of the porphyrin rings and, therefore, stabilize two different spin states of iron in one molecule. A spectroscopic investigation of 2⋅TNP has revealed the presence of two equivalent iron centers with a high-spin state (S=5/2) in the solid state that converts to intermediate spin (S=3/2) in solution. An extensive computational study by using a range of DFT methods was performed on 2⋅TNP and 2+ , and clearly supports the experimentally observed spin flip triggered by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The counterion is shown to perturb the spin-state ordering through, for example, hydrogen-bonding interactions, switched positions between counterion and axial ligand, ion-pair interactions, and charge polarization. The present investigation thus provides a clear rationalization of the unusual counterion-specific spin states observed in the μ-hydroxo bisporphyrins that have so far remained the most outstanding issue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjani Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
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Khusniyarov MM. How to Switch Spin-Crossover Metal Complexes at Constant Room Temperature. Chemistry 2016; 22:15178-15191. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marat M. Khusniyarov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Zheng S, Siegler MA, Roubeau O, Bonnet S. Influence of Selenocyanate Ligands on the Transition Temperature and Cooperativity of bapbpy-Based Fe(II) Spin-Crossover Compounds. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:13162-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502381m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sipeng Zheng
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus
Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime A. Siegler
- Small Molecule
X-ray Facility, Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Olivier Roubeau
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón
(ICMA), CSIC and Universidad de Zaragoza, Plaza San Francisco s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus
Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
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Wang JH, Tang GM, Wang YT, Qin TX, Ng SW. Metal-directed assembly of coordination polymers with the versatile ligand 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl) acetic acid: from discrete structures to two-dimensional networks. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42099j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Barrett SA, Halcrow MA. Anion-dependent spin crossover in solution for an iron(ii) complex of a 1H-pyrazolyl ligand. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Hasserodt J, Kolanowski JL, Touti F. Magnetogenese in Wasser, ausgelöst durch einen chemischen Analyten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Hasserodt J, Kolanowski JL, Touti F. Magnetogenesis in Water Induced by a Chemical Analyte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:60-73. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Frank N, Hanau K, Flosdorf K, Langer R. Formation of an iron phosphine–borane complex by formal insertion of BH3 into the Fe–P bond. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11252-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51254a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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