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Berger T, Lebon J, Maichle‐Mössmer C, Anwander R. CeCl
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‐BuLi: Enträtselung von Imamotos Organocer‐Reagenz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tassilo Berger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Jakob Lebon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Cäcilia Maichle‐Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
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Sun X, Simler T, Kraetschmer F, Roesky PW. Thermally Stable Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Supported by Chelating Silylene Ligands. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Simler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS, École polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Frederic Kraetschmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Berger T, Lebon J, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. CeCl 3 /n-BuLi: Unraveling Imamoto's Organocerium Reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15622-15631. [PMID: 33905590 PMCID: PMC8362106 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CeCl3(thf) reacts at low temperatures with MeLi, t‐BuLi, and n‐BuLi to isolable organocerium complexes. Solvent‐dependent extensive n‐BuLi dissociation is revealed by 7Li NMR spectroscopy, suggesting “Ce(n‐Bu)3(thf)x” or solvent‐separated ion pairs like “[Li(thf)4][Ce(n‐Bu)4(thf)y]” as the dominant species of the Imamoto reagent. The stability of complexes Li3Ln(n‐Bu)6(thf)4 increases markedly with decreasing LnIII size. Closer inspection of the solution behavior of crystalline Li3Lu(n‐Bu)6(thf)4 and mixtures of LuCl3(thf)2/n‐BuLi in THF indicates occurring n‐BuLi dissociation only at molar ratios of <1:3. n‐BuLi‐depleted complex LiLu(n‐Bu)3Cl(tmeda)2 was obtained by treatment of Li2Lu(n‐Bu)5(tmeda)2 with ClSiMe3, at the expense of LiCl incorporation. Imamoto's ketone/tertiary alcohol transformation was examined with 1,3‐diphenylpropan‐2‐one, affording 99 % of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassilo Berger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Lebon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Shinohara K, Tsurugi H, Anwander R, Mashima K. Trivalent Rare-Earth Metal Amide Complexes as Catalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Benzophenone Derivatives with HN(SiHMe 2 ) 2 by Amine-Exchange Reaction. Chemistry 2020; 26:14130-14136. [PMID: 32634253 PMCID: PMC7745047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The rare-earth metal complexes Ln(L1 )[N(SiHMe2 )2 ](thf) (Ln=La, Ce, Y; L1 =N,N''-bis(pentafluorophenyl)diethylenetriamine dianion) were synthesized by treating Ln[N(SiHMe2 )2 ]3 (thf)2 with L1 H2 . The lanthanum and cerium derivatives are active catalysts for the hydrosilylation of benzophenone derivatives with HN(SiHMe2 )2 . An amine-exchange reaction was revealed as a key step of the catalytic cycle, in which Ln-Si-H β-agostic interactions are proposed to promote insertion of the carbonyl moiety into the Si-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Shinohara
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
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Bayer U, Anwander R. Carbonyl group and carbon dioxide activation by rare-earth-metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17472-17493. [PMID: 33232414 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The rare-earth elements (Ln = Sc, Y, La-Lu) are widely used in stoichiometric and catalytic carbonyl group transformations. Sufficient availability, non-toxicity, high oxophilicity, tunable ion size/Lewis acidity and enhanced ligand exchangeability have been major driving factors for their successful implementation. Routinely employed reagents for stoichiometric carbonyl group transformations are divalent ytterbium and samarium compounds (e.g., ketone reduction), bimetallic CeCl3/LiR (C-C coupling), or ceric ammonium nitrate CAN (cyclic ketone oxidation). Rare-earth-metal triflates, and in particular Sc(OTf)3, are prominent examples of Lewis acid catalysts for versatile use in organic synthesis (e.g., Aldol and Michael reactions). Moreover, Ln(ii) and Ln(iii) complexes efficiently catalyze the (co)polymerization of carbonyl group-containing monomers including lactones, lactides, acrylates, and carbon dioxide. Featuring the most notorious greenhouse gas, CO2 is currently assessed as a cheap, abundant, and non-toxic C1 building block. Ln(iii) complexes are not only capable of efficient CO2 capture via reversible insertion but also of CO2 activation for catalytic conversions (copolymerization/cycloaddition with epoxides). This perspective focuses on structurally elucidated Ln complexes resulting from ketone or carbonyl derivative activation/insertion as well as carbon dioxide insertion products. The respective compounds will be sorted by structural motifs and, if applicable, details on reactivity and feasibility of catalytic reactions are presented. The article is subdivided in three parts: (i) donor and insertion products of ketones and aldehydes, (ii) redox-enhanced activation of carbonyl derivatives, and (iii) CO2 insertion/redox products and homogeneous catalytic conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Bayer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (EKUT), Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Barger CJ, Motta A, Weidner VL, Lohr TL, Marks TJ. La[N(SiMe3)2]3-Catalyzed Ester Reductions with Pinacolborane: Scope and Mechanism of Ester Cleavage. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Barger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma I-00185, Italy
| | - Victoria L. Weidner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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Mullane KC, Cheisson T, Nakamaru-Ogiso E, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Reduction of Carbonyl Groups by Uranium(III) and Formation of a Stable Amide Radical Anion. Chemistry 2018; 24:826-837. [PMID: 28873254 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Methyl benzoate, N,N-dimethylbenzamide, and benzophenone were reduced by UIII [N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 resulting in uranium(IV) products. Reduction of benzophenone lead to UIV [OC⋅Ph2 )][N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 , (1.1) which forms the dinuclear complex, [N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 UIV (OCPhPh-CPh2 O)UIV [N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 (1.2), through coupling of the ketyl radical species upon crystallization. Reaction of N,N-dimethylbenzamide with UIII [N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 resulted in UIV [OC⋅(Ph)(NMe2 )][N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 (2), a uranium(IV) compound and the first example of a charge-separated amide radical. In the case of methyl benzoate, the reduction resulted in UIV (OMe)[N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 (3) and benzaldehyde as the reduced organic fragment. Compound 2 showed the ability to act as a uranium(III) synthon in its reactivity with trimethylsilyl azide, a reaction that yielded UV (=NSiMe3 )[N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 . Additionally, 2 was reduced with potassium graphite resulting in [U(μ-O)[O=C(NMe2 )(Ph)][N(SiMe3 )2 ]2 ]2 (4), a dinuclear uranium compound bridged by oxo ligands. Reduction of 2 in the presence of 15-crown-5 afforded isolation of the mono-oxo compound, [(15-crown-5)2 K][UO[N(SiMe3 )2 ]3 ] (5). The results expand the reduction capabilities of UIII complexes and demonstrate a strategy for isolating novel metal-stabilized radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C Mullane
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St., Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St., Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Eiko Nakamaru-Ogiso
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA.,Mitochondrial Medicine Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Brian C Manor
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St., Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St., Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St., Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
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Zabula AV, Qiao Y, Kosanovich AJ, Cheisson T, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Ozerov OV, Schelter EJ. Structure, Electronics and Reactivity of Ce(PNP) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:17923-17934. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zabula
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Yusen Qiao
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Alex J. Kosanovich
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Brian C. Manor
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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Werner D, Deacon GB, Junk PC, Anwander R. Facile Reversible Benzophenone Insertion into Rare‐Earth Metal Pyrazolate Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Werner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie University of Tübingen (EKUT) Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Glen B. Deacon
- School of Chemistry Monash University 3800 Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Peter C. Junk
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University 4811 Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie University of Tübingen (EKUT) Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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Arnold PL, Turner ZR. Carbon oxygenate transformations by actinide compounds and catalysts. Nat Rev Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-016-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Solowey DP, Kurogi T, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Mindiola DJ. Metallo-Wittig chemistry of an alkylidene to form a terminal titanium oxo complex. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:15894-15901. [PMID: 27338555 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01534d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a terminal titanium oxo complex generated by alkylidene benzophenone cross-metathesis is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takashi Kurogi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Brian C. Manor
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
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Arnold PL, Cadenbach T, Marr IH, Fyfe AA, Bell NL, Bellabarba R, Tooze RP, Love JB. Homo- and heteroleptic alkoxycarbene f-element complexes and their reactivity towards acidic N-H and C-H bonds. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:14346-58. [PMID: 24920060 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of a series of organometallic rare earth and actinide complexes with hemilabile NHC-ligands towards substrates with acidic C-H and N-H bonds is described. The synthesis, characterisation and X-ray structures of the new heteroleptic mono- and bis(NHC) cyclopentadienyl complexes LnCp2(L) 1 (Ln = Sc, Y, Ce; L = alkoxy-tethered carbene [OCMe2CH2(1-C{NCHCHN(i)Pr})]), LnCp(L)2 (Ln = Y) , and the homoleptic tetrakis(NHC) complex Th(L)4 4 are described. The reactivity of these complexes, and of the homoleptic complexes Ln(L)3 (Ln = Sc 3, Ce), with E-H substrates is described, where EH = pyrrole C4H4NH, indole C8H6NH, diphenylacetone Ph2CC(O)Me, terminal alkynes RC≡CH (R = Me3Si, Ph), and cyclopentadiene C5H6. Complex 1-Y heterolytically cleaves and adds pyrrole and indole N-H across the metal carbene bond, whereas 1-Ce does not, although 3 and 4 form H-bonded adducts. Complexes 1-Y and 1-Sc form adducts with CpH without cleaving the acidic C-H bond, 1-Ce cleaves the Cp-H bond, but 2 reacts to form the very rare H(+)-[C5H5](-)-H(+) motif. Complex 1-Ce cleaves alkyne C-H bonds but the products rearrange upon formation, while complex 1-Y cleaves the C-H bond in diphenylacetone forming a product which rearranges to the Y-O bonded enolate product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly L Arnold
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK.
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2013. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bertz SH, Hardin RA, Heavey TJ, Ogle CA. The X-ray Crystal Structure of a Cuprate-Carbonyl π-Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bertz SH, Hardin RA, Heavey TJ, Ogle CA. The X-ray Crystal Structure of a Cuprate-Carbonyl π-Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10250-2. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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