1
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Haketa Y, Yamasumi K, Maeda H. π-Electronic ion pairs: building blocks for supramolecular nanoarchitectonics viaiπ- iπ interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7170-7196. [PMID: 37795542 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00581j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The pairing of charged π-electronic systems and their ordered arrangement have been achieved by iπ-iπ interactions that are derived from synergetically worked electrostatic and dispersion forces. Charged π-electronic systems that provide ion pairs as building blocks for assemblies have been prepared by diverse strategies for introducing charge in the core π-electronic systems. One method to prepare charged π-electronic systems is the use of covalent bonding that makes π-electronic ions and valence-mismatched metal complexes as well as protonated and deprotonated states. Noncovalent ion complexation is another method used to create π-electronic ions, particularly for anion binding, producing negatively charged π-electronic systems. Charged π-electronic systems afford various ion pairs, consisting of both cationic and anionic π-systems, depending on their combinations. Geometries and electronic states of the constituents in π-electronic ion pairs affect the photophysical properties and assembling modes. Recent progress in π-electronic ion pairs has revealed intriguing characteristics, including the transformation into radical pairs through electron transfer and the magnetic properties influenced by the countercations. Furthermore, the assembly states exhibit diversity as observed in crystals and soft materials including liquid-crystal mesophases. While the chemistry of ion pairs (salts) is well-established, the field of π-electronic ion pairs is relatively new; however, it holds great promise for future applications in novel materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Haketa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Yamasumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
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2
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Energetic material derivatives of insoluble 3,4,5-triamino-1-tetrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole (TATT). J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Yuan WL, Zhang L, Tao GH, Wang SL, Wang Y, Zhu QH, Zhang GH, Zhang Z, Xue Y, Qin S, He L, Shreeve JM. Designing high-performance hypergolic propellants based on materials genome. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eabb1899. [PMID: 33277244 PMCID: PMC7717915 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A new generation of rocket propellants for deep space exploration, ionic liquid propellants, with long endurance and high stability, is attracting more and more attention. However, a major defect of ionic liquid propellants that restricts their application is the inadequate hypergolic reactivity between the fuel and the oxidant, and this defect results in local burnout and accidental explosions during the launch process. We propose a visualization model to show the features of structure, density, thermal stability, and hypergolic activity for estimating propellant performances and their application abilities. This propellant materials genome and visualization model greatly improves the efficiency and quality of developing high-performance propellants, which benefits the discovery of new advanced functional molecules in the field of energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guo-Hong Tao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | | | - You Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guo-Hao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ying Xue
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Song Qin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ling He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2343, USA.
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4
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Cheng KL, Yuan WL, He L, Tang N, Jian HM, Zhao Y, Qin S, Tao GH. Fluorescigenic Magnetofluids Based on Gadolinium, Terbium, and Dysprosium-Containing Imidazolium Salts. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6376-6390. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lun Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wen-Li Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ling He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ning Tang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hong-Mei Jian
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Song Qin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guo-Hong Tao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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5
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Keshavarz MH, Nazari B, Jafari M, Bakhtiari R. A Simple Approach for Prediction of the Condensed Phase Heat of Formation of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids or Salts. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| | - Behzad Nazari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| | - Reza Bakhtiari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
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6
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Tian T, Hu X, Guan P, Wang S, Ding X. Density and thermodynamic performance of energetic ionic liquids based on 1-alkyl/esteryl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Insensitive ionic bio-energetic materials derived from amino acids. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12744. [PMID: 28986528 PMCID: PMC5630594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Energetic salts/ionic liquids have received increasing attention as fascinating energetic materials, and the use of renewable compounds is a promising approach to developing energetic materials. Until recently, biomolecules have been used as raw materials to develop neutral energetic compounds, whereas research focused on ionic energetic materials obtained from natural bio-renewable frameworks is scarce. This work systematically investigates ionic bio-energetic materials (IBEMs) derived from sustainable natural amino acids. In addition to combustibility, high density, good thermal stability, and one-step preparation, these IBEMs demonstrated apparent hypotoxicity and insensitivity. Moreover, a theoretical examination was performed to explore their appropriate properties. The intriguing results of this study indicates that IBEMs are potential bio-based energetic materials.
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8
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Yu Q, Cheng G, Ju X, Lu C, Lin Q, Yang H. Compounds based on 3-amino-4-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)furazan as insensitive energetic materials. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03333d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Insensitivity: Derivatives based on 3-amino-4-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)furazan were synthesized and characterized. Most of these compounds are thermally stable and insensitive which make them competitive replacement as insensitive energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Guangbin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xuehai Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chunxu Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Qiuhan Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology
| | - Hongwei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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10
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Liu Q, Jin B, Zhang Q, Shang Y, Guo Z, Tan B, Peng R. Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Metal-Organic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Thermal Behaviors of Pb(II) Complex Based on N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-Amine. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9080681. [PMID: 28773805 PMCID: PMC5512347 DOI: 10.3390/ma9080681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The focus of energetic materials is on searching for a high-energy, high-density, insensitive material. Previous investigations have shown that 3D energetic metal-organic frameworks (E-MOFs) have great potential and advantages in this field. A nitrogen-rich E-MOF, Pb(bta)·2H₂O [N% = 31.98%, H₂bta = N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-amine], was prepared through a one-step hydrothermal reaction in this study. Its crystal structure was determined through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The complex has high heat denotation (16.142 kJ·cm-3), high density (3.250 g·cm-3), and good thermostability (Tdec = 614.9 K, 5 K·min-1). The detonation pressure and velocity obtained through theoretical calculations were 43.47 GPa and 8.963 km·s-1, respectively. The sensitivity test showed that the complex is an impact-insensitive material (IS > 40 J). The thermal decomposition process and kinetic parameters of the complex were also investigated through thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Non-isothermal kinetic parameters were calculated through the methods of Kissinger and Ozawa-Doyle. Results highlighted the nitrogen-rich MOF as a potential energetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Liu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621010, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Bo Jin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Qingchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yu Shang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Zhicheng Guo
- School of National Defence Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Bisheng Tan
- Institute of Chemical Materials, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Rufang Peng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621010, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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11
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Yuan B, Bernstein ER. Initial mechanisms for the unimolecular decomposition of electronically excited nitrogen-rich energetic materials with tetrazole rings: 1-DTE, 5-DTE, BTA, and BTH. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:234302. [PMID: 27334157 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, USA
| | - Elliot R. Bernstein
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, USA
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12
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Singh D, Gardas RL. Influence of Cation Size on the Ionicity, Fluidity, and Physiochemical Properties of 1,2,4-Triazolium Based Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:4834-42. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Tang N, Zhao Y, He L, Yuan WL, Tao GH. Long-lived luminescent soft materials of hexanitratosamarate(III) complexes with orange visible emission. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8816-23. [PMID: 25860117 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00191a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sm(III)-based ionic liquids incorporating hexanitratosamarate(III) anions were obtained and fully characterized as novel Sm(III)-containing organic complexes. The structure of the ionic liquids was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (1: monoclinic system C2/c space group with cell parameters: a = 19.5624(4) Å, b = 10.11895(18) Å, c = 33.2256(6) Å, β = 101.2912(18)°, Z = 8). The central Sm(III) ion is 12-coordinated by six bidentate nitrate ligands with twelve oxygen donors to form a [Sm(NO3)6](3-) anion. The low melting point, high thermostability and wide liquid range of these ionic liquids were determined in detail. All the complexes 1-5 display orange luminescence, rather than red luminescence as in most Sm(III)-containing organic complexes. Three characteristic monochromatic bands and an intense emission, derived from (4)G5/2→(6)HJ (J = 5/2, 7/2, and 9/2) intraconfigurational f-f transitions, were revealed. All these complexes exhibit long luminescence lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
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14
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He L, Ji SP, Tang N, Zhao Y, Tao GH. Synthesis, structure and near-infrared photoluminescence of hexanitratoneodymate ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:2325-32. [PMID: 25534015 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five hexanitratoneodymate-based rare earth complexes () were synthesized using a straightforward method. Purple plate crystals of were isolated and the crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction with respect to the coordination mode of the nitrate anion to the central Nd(iii) ion. (: monoclinic system P21/c, a = 15.9460(3) Å, b = 10.2457(6) Å, c = 33.323(3) Å, β = 91.8108(17)°, V = 3109.11(11) Å(3), Z = 4). The central Nd(iii) ion is surrounded by six bidentate nitrate ligands, with a major trend towards high symmetry of the [Nd(NO3)6](3-) anion as an icosahedron. Thermal properties were determined from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combined with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests. Complexes are found to be room temperature liquids, and their excitation and emission spectra were recorded. These complexes exhibit intense near-infrared (NIR) luminescence emission, which originates from interconfigurational f-f transitions (4)F3/2→(4)IJ multiplet (J = 9/2-13/2). These liquid Nd(iii) complexes are of interest as potential NIR luminescent soft materials with high thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
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15
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Liu X, Li J, Bi F, Zhang W, Zhang G, Gao Z. Ionic Ferrocene‐Based Burning‐Rate Catalysts with Polycyano Anions: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Migration, and Catalytic Effects during Combustion. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201403023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China, http://chem.snnu.edu.cn/
| | - Jizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China, http://chem.snnu.edu.cn/
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Bi
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China, http://chem.snnu.edu.cn/
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China, http://chem.snnu.edu.cn/
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China, http://chem.snnu.edu.cn/
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16
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Gao YF, Zhang L, He L, Zhao Y, Tang N, Yuan WL, Tao GH. Insensitive energetic 5-nitroaminotetrazolate ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07415k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Combustible 5-nitroaminotetrazolate-based energetic ionic liquids with high stability as well as environmentally friendly decomposition gases were prepared and fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Gao
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Ling He
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Ning Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Wen-Li Yuan
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Guo-Hong Tao
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
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17
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Zhao Y, He L, Tang N, Qin S, Tao G, Liang F. Structures and Properties of Luminescent Pentanitratoeuropate(III) Ionic Liquids. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201403018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, http://chem.scu.edu.cn/professor/taoguohong/index.htm
| | - Ling He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, http://chem.scu.edu.cn/professor/taoguohong/index.htm
| | - Ning Tang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, http://chem.scu.edu.cn/professor/taoguohong/index.htm
| | - Song Qin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, http://chem.scu.edu.cn/professor/taoguohong/index.htm
| | - Guo‐Hong Tao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, http://chem.scu.edu.cn/professor/taoguohong/index.htm
| | - Fu‐Xin Liang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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18
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Zhang Q, Shreeve JM. Energetic ionic liquids as explosives and propellant fuels: a new journey of ionic liquid chemistry. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10527-74. [PMID: 25207674 DOI: 10.1021/cr500364t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) , Mianyang 621900, China
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Electrochemical and thermodynamic properties of Ln(III) (Ln = Eu, Sm, Dy, Nd) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95832. [PMID: 24752584 PMCID: PMC3994148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior and thermodynamic properties of Ln(III) (Ln = Eu, Sm, Dy, Nd) were studied in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid (BmimBr) at a glassy carbon (GC) electrode in the range of 293–338 K. The electrode reaction of Eu(III) was found to be quasi-reversible by the cyclic voltammetry, the reactions of the other three lanthanide ions were regarded as irreversible systems. An increase of the current intensity was obtained with the temperature increase. At 293 K, the cathodic peak potentials of −0.893 V (Eu(III)), −0.596 V (Sm(III)), −0.637 V (Dy(III)) and −0.641 V (Nd(III)) were found, respectively, to be assigned to the reduction of Ln(III) to Ln(II). The diffusion coefficients (Do), the transfer coefficients (α) of Ln(III) (Ln = Eu, Sm, Dy, Nd) and the charge transfer rate constants (ks) of Eu(III) were estimated. The apparent standard potential (E0*) and the thermodynamic properties of the reduction of Eu(III) to Eu(II) were also investigated.
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