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Lewis Acidic Zinc(II) Complexes of Tetradentate Ligands as Building Blocks for Responsive Assembled Supramolecular Structures. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents representative examples illustrating how the Lewis acidic character of the Zn(II) metal center in Zn(salen)-type complexes, as well as in complexes of other tetradentate ligands, and the nature of the medium govern their supramolecular aggregation, leading to the formation of a variety of supramolecular structures, either in solution or in the solid state. Stabilization of these Lewis acidic complexes is almost always reached through an axial coordination of a Lewis base, leading to a penta-coordinated square-pyramidal geometry around the metal center. The coverage is not exhaustive, mainly focused on their crystallographic structures, but also on their aggregation and sensing properties in solution, and on their self-assembled and responsive nanostructures, summarizing their salient aspects. The axial ligands can easily be displaced, either in solution or in the solid state, with suitable Lewis bases, thus being responsive supramolecular structures useful for sensing. This contribution represents the first attempt to relate some common features of the chemistry of different families of Zn(II) complexes of tetradentate ligands to their intrinsic Lewis acidic character.
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Ma W, Cheng T, Liu FZ, Liu Y, Yan K. Allosteric Binding-Induced Intramolecular Mechanical-Strain Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202213. [PMID: 35212101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recently, polymer mechanochemistry has attracted much scientific interest due to its potential to develop degradable polymers. When the two ends of a polymer chain experience a linear pulling stress, molecular strain builds up, at sufficiently strong force, a bond scission of the weakest covalent bond results. In contrast, bond-breaking events triggered by conformational stress are much less explored. Here, we discovered that a Zn salen complex would undergo conformational switching upon allosteric complexation with alkanediammonium guests. By controlling the guest chain length, the torsional strain experienced by Zn complex can be modulated to induce bond cleavage with chemical stimulus, and reactivity trend is predicted by conformational analysis derived by DFT calculation. Such strain-release reactivity by a Zn(salen) complex initiated by guest binding is reminiscent of conformation-induced reactivity of enzymes to enable chemical events that are otherwise inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Fang-Zi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - KaKing Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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Ma W, Cheng T, Liu F, Liu Y, Yan K. Allosteric Binding‐Induced Intramolecular Mechanical‐Strain Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Fang‐Zi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - KaKing Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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Fish H, Hart S, Lamb KJ, North M, Quek SCZ, Whitwood AC, Woods B, Wu X. Structural analysis of five-coordinate aluminium(salen) complexes and its relationship to their catalytic activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:587-598. [PMID: 33367409 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03598j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of [Al(tBu-salen)]2O·HCl shows major changes compared to that of [Al(tBu-salen)]2O. The additional proton is localized on the bridging oxygen atom, making the aluminium atoms more electron deficient. As a result, a water molecule coordinates to one of the aluminium atoms, which becomes six-coordinate. This pushes the salen ligand associated with the six-coordinate aluminium ion closer to the other salen ligand and results in the geometry around the five-coordinate aluminium atom becoming more trigonal bipyramidal. These results experimentally mirror the predications of DFT calculations on the interaction of [Al(tBu-salen)]2O and related complexes with carbon dioxide. Variable temperature NMR studies of protonated [Al(tBu-salen)]2O complexes revealed that the structures were dynamic and could be explained on the basis of an intramolecular rearrangement in which the non-salen substituent of a five-coordinate aluminium(tBu-salen) unit migrates from one face of a square based pyramidal structure to the other via the formation of structures with trigonal bipyramidal geometries. Protonated [Al(tBu-salen)]2O complexes were shown to have enhanced Lewis acidity relative to [Al(tBu-salen)]2O, coordinating to water, dioxane and 1,2-epoxyhexane. Coordinated epoxyhexane was activated towards ring-opening, to give various species which remained coordinated to the aluminium centers. The protonated [Al(tBu-salen)]2O complexes catalysed the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide both in the presence and absence of tetrabutylammonium bromide as a nucleophilic cocatalyst. The catalytic activity was principally determined by the nature of the nucleophilic species within the catalyst structure rather than by changes to the Lewis acidity of the metal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Fish
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Sam Hart
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Katie J Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Michael North
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Sophie C Z Quek
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Adrian C Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Barnaby Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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Hylland KT, Øien‐Ødegaard S, Heyn RH, Tilset M. Zinc Schiff Base Complexes Derived from 2,2'‐Diaminobiphenyls: Solution Behavior and Reactivity towards Nitrogen Bases. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigurd Øien‐Ødegaard
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | | | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
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Hylland KT, Øien‐Ødegaard S, Tilset M. The Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling as the Key Step in the Synthesis of 2‐Aminobiphenyls and 2,2'‐Diaminobiphenyls: Application in the Synthesis of Schiff Base Complexes of Zn. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigurd Øien‐Ødegaard
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
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Haiduc I. Review. Inverse coordination. Organic nitrogen heterocycles as coordination centers. A survey of molecular topologies and systematization. Part 2. Six-membered rings. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1670349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Haiduc
- Facultatea de Chimie, Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Consiglio G, Oliveri IP, Failla S, Di Bella S. On the Aggregation and Sensing Properties of Zinc(II) Schiff-Base Complexes of Salen-Type Ligands. Molecules 2019; 24:E2514. [PMID: 31324053 PMCID: PMC6651702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc(II) ion forms stable complexes with a wide variety of ligands, but those related to Schiff-bases are among the most largely investigated. This review deals with the peculiar aggregation characteristics of Zn(II) Schiff-base complexes from tetradentate N2O2 salen-type ligands, L, derivatives from salicylaldehydes and 1,2-diamines, and is mostly focused on their spectroscopic properties in solution. Thanks to their Lewis acidic character, ZnL complexes show interesting structural, nanostructural, and aggregation/deaggregation properties in relation to the absence/presence of a Lewis base. Deaggregation of these complexes is accompanied by relevant changes of their spectroscopic properties that can appropriately be exploited for sensing Lewis bases. Thus, ZnL complexes have been investigated as chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors of charged and neutral Lewis bases, including cell imaging, and have shown to be selective and sensitive to the Lewis basicity of the involved species. From these studies emerges that these popular, Lewis acidic bis(salicylaldiminato)Zn(II) Schiff-base complexes represent classical coordination compounds for modern applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Consiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ivan Pietro Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Failla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Santo Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
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Puglisi R, Ballistreri FP, Gangemi CMA, Toscano RM, Tomaselli GA, Pappalardo A, Sfrazzetto GT. Chiral Zn–salen complexes: a new class of fluorescent receptors for enantiodiscrimination of chiral amines. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03592b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient enantiomeric discrimination of chiral amines by fluorescent Zn–salen receptors is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Puglisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Catania
- Catania
- Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Pappalardo
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Catania
- Catania
- Italy
- INSTM Udr of Catania
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Synthesis, characterization and supramolecular building motifs of substituted salphen- and thiasalphen–metal complexes. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sabaté F, Gavara R, Giannicchi I, Bosque R, Cort AD, Rodríguez L. Ternary assemblies comprising metal–salophen complexes and 4,4′-bipyridine. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03210e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of ternary species containing zinc or uranyl–salophen complexes has been explored and analyzed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Sabaté
- Departament de Química Inorgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Raquel Gavara
- Departament de Química Inorgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Ilaria Giannicchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica and IMC-CNR Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione
- Università La Sapienza
- 00185 Roma
- Italy
| | - Ramon Bosque
- Departament de Química Inorgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Antonella Dalla Cort
- Dipartimento di Chimica and IMC-CNR Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione
- Università La Sapienza
- 00185 Roma
- Italy
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
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Zinc complexes chelated by bifunctional ketiminate ligands: Structure, reactivity and possible applications in initiation of ROP and copolymerization of epoxides with carbon dioxide. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Martínez-Rodríguez L, Bandeira NAG, Bo C, Kleij AW. Highly Efficient Chirality Transfer from Diamines Encapsulated within a Self-Assembled Calixarene-Salen Host. Chemistry 2015; 21:7144-50. [PMID: 25807915 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A calix[4]arene host equipped with two bis-[Zn(salphen)] complexes self-assembles into a capsular complex in the presence of a chiral diamine guest with an unexpected 2:1 ratio between the host and the guest. Effective chirality transfer from the diamine to the calix-salen hybrid host is observed by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and a high stability constant K2,1 of 1.59×10(11) M(-2) for the assembled host-guest ensemble has been determined with a substantial cooperativity factor α of 6.4. Density functional calculations are used to investigate the origin of the stability of the host-guest system and the experimental CD spectrum compared with those calculated for both possible diastereoisomers showing that the M,M isomer is the one that is preferentially formed. The current system holds promise for the chirality determination of diamines, as evidenced by the investigated substrate scope and the linear relationship between the ee of the diamine and the amplitude of the observed Cotton effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Martínez-Rodríguez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
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