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Crystal Structures of Half-Sandwich Ru(II) Complexes, [(η6-p-Cymene)(3-chloro-6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine)Ru(X)]BF4, (X = Cl, Br, I). MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and single-crystal X-ray structures of three (η6-p-cymene)Ru(II) tetrafluoroborate salts, viz., [(η6-p-cymene)(3-chloro-6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine)Ru(X)]BF4, (X = Cl, Br, I), Ru1-3. They were prepared by the reactions of [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(μ-X)(X)]2, (X = Cl, Br, I) with two-mole equivalents of 3-chloro-6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine, under inert conditions at ambient temperatures, and subsequently precipitated by the addition of excess BF4− ions. Orange crystalline precipitates were obtained in good yields, from which the respective single crystals for X-ray diffraction analysis were recrystallized by slow evaporation from their methanolic/diethyl ether solutions. The Ru(II) complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and chemical methods, which included FTIR, 1H/13C NMR, UV-visible absorption, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures were solved by single-crystal X-ray crystal diffraction analysis. The complexes crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system in the P21/c (Ru1-2) and P21/n (Ru3) space groups. Density Functionals Theoretical (DFT) calculations were performed in methanol to gain an understanding of the electronic and structural properties of the complexes. Trends in the data metrics were established, and selected data were compared with the diffraction data. The electrophilicity indices of Ru1-3 follow the order Ru3 > Ru2 > Ru1, and the trend is in line with their anticipated order of reactivity towards nucleophiles.
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Haider K, Shrivastava N, Pathak A, Prasad Dewangan R, Yahya S, Shahar Yar M. Recent advances and SAR study of 2-substituted benzothiazole scaffold based potent chemotherapeutic agents. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Zafar M, Ramalakshmi R, Pathak K, Ahmad A, Roisnel T, Ghosh S. Five-Membered Ruthenacycles: Ligand-Assisted Alkyne Insertion into 1,3-N,S-Chelated Ruthenium Borate Species. Chemistry 2019; 25:13537-13546. [PMID: 31332858 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Building upon previous work, the chemistry of [(η6 -p-cymene)Ru{P(OMe)2 OR}Cl2 ], (R=H or Me) has been extended with [H2 B(mbz)2 ]- (mbz=2-mercaptobenzothiazolyl) using different Ru precursors and borate ligands. As a result, a series of 1,3-N,S-chelated ruthenium borate complexes, for example, [(κ2 -N,S-L)PR3 Ru{κ3 -H,S,S'-H2 B(L)2 }], (2 a-d and 2 a'-d'; R=Ph, Cy, OMe or OPh and L=C5 H4 NS or C7 H4 NS2 ) and [Ru{κ3 -H,S,S'-H2 B(L)2 }2 ], (3: L=C5 H4 NS, 3': L=C7 H4 NS2 ) were isolated upon treatment of [(η6 -p-cymene)RuCl2 PR3 ], 1 a-d (R=Ph, Cy, OMe or OPh) with [H2 B(mp)2 ]- or [H2 B(mbz)2 ]- ligands (mp=2-mercaptopyridyl). All the Ru borate complexes, 2 a-d and 2 a'-d' are stabilized by phosphine/phosphite and hemilabile N,S-chelating ligands. Treatment of these Ru borate species, 2 a'-c' with various terminal alkynes yielded two different types of five-membered ruthenacycle species, namely [PR3 {C7 H4 S2 -(E)-N-C=CH(R')}Ru{κ3 -H,S,S'-H2 B(L)2 }], (4-4'; R=Ph and R'=CO2 Me or C6 H4 NO2 ; L=C7 H4 NS2 ) and [PR3 {C7 H4 NS-(E)-S-C=CH(R')}Ru{κ3 -H,S,S'-H2 B(L)2 }], (5-5', 6 and 7; R=Ph, Cy or OMe and R'=CO2 Me or C6 H4 NO2 ; L=C7 H4 NS2 ). All these five-membered ruthenacycle species contain an exocyclic C=C moiety, presumably formed by the insertion of a terminal alkyne into the Ru-N and Ru-S bonds. The new species have been characterized spectroscopically and the structures were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Theoretical studies and chemical-bonding analyses established that charge transfer occurs from phosphorus to ruthenium center following the trend PCy3 <PPh3 <P(OPh)3 <P(OMe)3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Rongala Ramalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Kriti Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Asif Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
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Reshi NUD, Kathuria L, Samuelson AG. Chemoselective Reduction of Imines Catalyzed by Ruthenium(II) Half‐Sandwich Complexes: A Mechanistic Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noor U. Din Reshi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Lakshay Kathuria
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Ashoka G. Samuelson
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
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Xiao Y, Jing B, Liu X, Xue H, Liu Y. Metal-free C-H mercaptalization of benzothiazoles and benzoxazoles using 1,3-propanedithiol as thiol source. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:279-284. [PMID: 30800177 PMCID: PMC6369980 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and effective C-H functionalization strategy for the synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles and 2-mercaptobenzoxazoles is described. 1,3-Propanedithiol was employed to convert benzothiazoles and benzoxazoles to the corresponding heteroarylthiols in the presence of potassium hydroxide and DMSO. This novel protocol is featured by direct C-H mercaptalization of heteroarenes and a simple reaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103# Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 10016, China
| | - Bing Jing
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, 2# Dagong Road, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, 2# Dagong Road, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Hongyu Xue
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, 2# Dagong Road, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, 2# Dagong Road, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
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K.S. N, Eswaran J, M. T, Nattamai S.P B, M.A. N, Velusamy KM. Organoruthenium (II) complexes featuring pyrazole-linked Schiff base ligands: Crystal structure, DNA/BSA interactions, cytotoxicity and molecular docking. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neethu K.S.
- Inorganic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore 641 046 India
| | - Jayanthi Eswaran
- Department of Chemistry; Kongunadu Arts and Science College; Coimbatore 641049 India
| | - Theetharappan M.
- Chemistry Research Centre, National Engineering College; K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti 628503 Thoothukudi District Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Neelakantan M.A.
- Chemistry Research Centre, National Engineering College; K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti 628503 Thoothukudi District Tamil Nadu India
| | - Kaveri M. Velusamy
- Inorganic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore 641 046 India
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8
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Selective synthesis of 2-aminobenzoxazoles and 2-mercaptobenzoxazoles by using o-aminophenols as starting material. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lipophilicity-antiproliferative activity relationship study leads to the preparation of a ruthenium(II) arene complex with considerable in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cells and a lower in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos than clinically approved cis-platin. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:282-293. [PMID: 28371640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II)-arene complexes are attracting increasing attention due to their considerable antitumoral activity. However, it is difficult to clearly establish a direct relationship between their structure and antiproliferative activity, as substantial structural changes might not only affect their anticancer activity but also tightly control their activation site(s) and/or their biological target(s). Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of four ruthenium(II) arene complexes bearing bidentate N,O-donor Schiff-base ligands ([Ru(η6-benzene)(N-O)Cl]) that display a significantly distinct antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, despite their close structural similarity. Furthermore, we suggest there is a link between their respective antiproliferative activity and their lipophilicity, as the latter affects their ability to accumulate into cancer cells. This lipophilicity-cytotoxicity relationship was exploited to design another structurally related ruthenium complex with a much higher antiproliferative activity (IC50 > 25.0 μM) against three different human cancer cell lines. Whereas this complex shows a slightly lower activity than that of clinically approved cis-platin against the same human cancer cell lines, it displays a lower toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos at concentrations up to 20 μM.
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Bhattacharyya S, Purkait K, Mukherjee A. Ruthenium(ii) p-cymene complexes of a benzimidazole-based ligand capable of VEGFR2 inhibition: hydrolysis, reactivity and cytotoxicity studies. Dalton Trans 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00938k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru(ii)-p-Cymene complexes of a bispyrazole-benzimidazole ligand inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor 2, reduce the cellular glutathione pool and inhibit cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - Kallol Purkait
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - Arindam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
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El-Faham A, El-Merghany A, Ghabbour HA. Crystal structure of N′-(2-phenylacetyl)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide monohydrate, C 13H 14N 2O 3S. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2016-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C13H14N2O3S, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 27.9910(12) Å, b = 6.5721(3) Å, c = 14.2821(7) Å, β = 92.600(3)°, V = 2624.6(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.042, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.105, T = 100 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Adel El-Merghany
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Hazem A. Ghabbour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud, University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Mitra R, Sridevi VS, Somasundaram K, Samuelson AG. Photophysical and Biological Studies with Organometallic Ruthenium Complexes of Selenodiazole Ligands. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INDIA SECTION A-PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-016-0292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Synthesis and crystal structure of a novel ruthenium(II) complex with in situ generated dithiobiurea ligand. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Mandal P, Malviya N, Guedes da Silva MFC, Dhankhar SS, Nagaraja CM, Mobin SM, Mukhopadhyay S. Fine tuning through valence bond tautomerization of ancillary ligands in ruthenium(ii) arene complexes for better anticancer activity and enzyme inhibition properties. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:19277-19289. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02969h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel valence tautomerized ancillary ligand induce antiproliferative activity in ruthenium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Mandal
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 453552
- India
| | - Novina Malviya
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 453552
- India
| | | | | | - C. M. Nagaraja
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Ropar
- Rupnagar 140001
- India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 453552
- India
| | - Suman Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 453552
- India
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De S, Mitra R, Samuelson A, Das PK. First hyperpolarizability of Ru-half-sandwich complexes: The effect of halogen atom substitution on the ancillary ligand. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mitra R, Pramanik AK, Samuelson AG. Seleno‐Nucleobases and Their Water‐Soluble Ruthenium–Arene Half‐Sandwich Complexes: Chemistry and Biological Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Mitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, http://ipc.iisc.ernet.in/~ashoka/
| | - Anup K. Pramanik
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, http://ipc.iisc.ernet.in/~ashoka/
| | - Ashoka G. Samuelson
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, http://ipc.iisc.ernet.in/~ashoka/
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