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Queffélec C, Pati PB, Pellegrin Y. Fifty Shades of Phenanthroline: Synthesis Strategies to Functionalize 1,10-Phenanthroline in All Positions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6700-6902. [PMID: 38747613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
1,10-Phenanthroline (phen) is one of the most popular ligands ever used in coordination chemistry due to its strong affinity for a wide range of metals with various oxidation states. Its polyaromatic structure provides robustness and rigidity, leading to intriguing features in numerous fields (luminescent coordination scaffolds, catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, sensors, theranostics, etc.). Importantly, phen offers eight distinct positions for functional groups to be attached, showcasing remarkable versatility for such a simple ligand. As a result, phen has become a landmark molecule for coordination chemists, serving as a must-use ligand and a versatile platform for designing polyfunctional arrays. The extensive use of substituted phenanthroline ligands with different metal ions has resulted in a diverse array of complexes tailored for numerous applications. For instance, these complexes have been utilized as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells, as luminescent probes modified with antibodies for biomaterials, and in the creation of elegant supramolecular architectures like rotaxanes and catenanes, exemplified by Sauvage's Nobel Prize-winning work in 2016. In summary, phen has found applications in almost every facet of chemistry. An intriguing aspect of phen is the specific reactivity of each pair of carbon atoms ([2,9], [3,8], [4,7], and [5,6]), enabling the functionalization of each pair with different groups and leading to polyfunctional arrays. Furthermore, it is possible to differentiate each position in these pairs, resulting in non-symmetrical systems with tremendous versatility. In this Review, the authors aim to compile and categorize existing synthetic strategies for the stepwise polyfunctionalization of phen in various positions. This comprehensive toolbox will aid coordination chemists in designing virtually any polyfunctional ligand. The survey will encompass seminal work from the 1950s to the present day. The scope of the Review will be limited to 1,10-phenanthroline, excluding ligands with more intracyclic heteroatoms or fused aromatic cycles. Overall, the primary goal of this Review is to highlight both old and recent synthetic strategies that find applicability in the mentioned applications. By doing so, the authors hope to establish a first reference for phenanthroline synthesis, covering all possible positions on the backbone, and hope to inspire all concerned chemists to devise new strategies that have not yet been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yann Pellegrin
- Nantes Université, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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2
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Awal A, Islam S, Islam T, Hasan MM, Nayem SMA, James MMH, Hossain MD, Ahammad AJS. Facile Chemical Synthesis of Co-Ru-Based Heterometallic Supramolecular Polymer for Electrochemical Oxidation of Bisphenol A: Kinetics Study at the Electrode/Electrolyte Interface. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28355-28366. [PMID: 37576688 PMCID: PMC10413823 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the adverse effects of Bisphenol A (BPA), its use in industry and in day-to-day life is increasing at a higher rate every year. In the present study, a simple and reliable chemical approach was used to develop an efficient BPA sensor based on a Co-Ru-based heterometallic supramolecular polymer (polyCoRu). Surface morphology and elemental analysis were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Furthermore, functional group analysis was accomplished by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). UV-vis spectroscopy was used to confirm the complexation in the ratio of 0.5:0.5:1 (metal 1/metal 2/ligand). Electrochemical characterization of the synthesized polyCoRu was conducted using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses. The study identified two distinct linear dynamic ranges for the detection of BPA, 0.197-2.94 and 3.5-17.72 μM. The regression equation was utilized to determine the sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD), resulting in values of 0.6 μA cm-2 μM-1 and 0.02 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. The kinetics of BPA oxidation at the polyCoRu/GCE were investigated to evaluate the heterogeneous rate constant (k), charge transfer coefficient (α), and the number of electrons transferred during the oxidation and rate-determining step. A probable electrochemical reaction mechanism has been presented for further comprehending the phenomena occurring at the electrode surface. The practical applicability of the fabricated electrode was analyzed using tap water, resulting in a high percentage of recovery ranging from 96 to 105%. Furthermore, the reproducibility and stability data demonstrated the excellent performance of polyCoRu/GCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Awal
- Department
of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Santa Islam
- Department
of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Islam
- Environmental
Science & Engineering Program, University
of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Md. Mahedi Hasan
- Environmental
Science & Engineering Program, University
of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - S. M. Abu Nayem
- Department
of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
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Ranjan Jena S, Mandal T, Choudhury J. Metal-Terpyridine Assembled Functional Materials for Electrochromic, Catalytic and Environmental Applications. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200165. [PMID: 36002341 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular assembly induced by metal-terpyridine-based coordinative interactions has become an emergent research topic due to its ease of synthesis and diverse applications. This article highlights recent significant developments in the metal-terpyridine-based supramolecular architectures. At first, the design aspect of the molecular building blocks has been described, followed by elaboration on how the ligand backbone plays an important role for achieving different dimensionalities of the resulting assemblies which exhibit a wide range of potential applications. After that, we discussed different synthetic approaches for constructing these assemblies, and finally, we focused on their significant developments in three specific areas, viz., electrochromic materials, catalysis and a new application in wastewater treatment. In the field of electrochromic materials, these assemblies made important advancements in various aspects like sub-second switching time (<1 s), low switching voltage (<1 V), increased switching stability (>10000 cycles), tuning of multiple colors by using multimetallic systems, fabrication of charge storing electrochromic devices, utilizing and storing solar energy etc. Similarly, the catalysis field witnessed application of the metal-terpyridine assemblies in C-H monohalogenation, heterogeneous Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, photocatalysis, reduction of carbon dioxide, etc. Finally, the environmental application of these coordination assemblies includes capturing Cr(VI) from waste water efficiently with high capture capacity, good recyclability, wide pH independency etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Ranjan Jena
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Tanmoy Mandal
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, India
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Laschuk NO, Ahmad R, Ebralidze II, Poisson J, Easton EB, Zenkina OV. Multichromic Monolayer Terpyridine-Based Electrochromic Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41749-41757. [PMID: 32870639 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The article describes novel electrochromic materials (ECMs) that are based on a monolayer consisting of two or three isostructural metal complexes of 4'-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine simultaneously deposited on surface-enhanced support. The support was made by screen printing of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles on ITO-glass and has a surface area sufficient for a monolayer to give color visible to the naked eye. The ability to separately electrochemically address the oxidation state of the metal centers on the surface (i.e., Co2+/Co3+, Os2+/Os3+, and Fe2+/Fe3+) provides an opportunity to achieve several distinct color-to-color transitions, thus opening the door for constructing monolayer-based multicolor ECMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia O Laschuk
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Rana Ahmad
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Iraklii I Ebralidze
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Jade Poisson
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - E Bradley Easton
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Olena V Zenkina
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
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Bera MK, Ninomiya Y, Higuchi M. Constructing Alternated Heterobimetallic [Fe(II)/Os(II)] Supramolecular Polymers with Diverse Solubility for Facile Fabrication of Voltage-Tunable Multicolor Electrochromic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:14376-14385. [PMID: 32150376 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metallo-supramolecular polymer (MSP)-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) have drawn much attention because of their variable colors and attractive electrochromic (EC) properties. However, fabrication of voltage-tunable multicolor ECDs using single MSP is yet hard to realize. We anticipated alternate introduction of two different redox-active metal ions in an MSP combined with the adjustment of counteranions could be a solution to fabricate multicolor ECDs. The heterometals will induce color variability upon voltage alteration, and counteranions will help to tune the solubility of MSP in different solvents. In an attempt to fulfill this target, we have synthesized four heterobimetallic supramolecular polymers (HBPs) having different counteranions (BF4-, Cl-, PF6-, and OAc-), in which Fe(II) and Os(II) are alternately complexed by two terpyridine units. To apply as EC material, the HBPs should be soluble in methanol and insoluble in acetonitrile for the preparation of EC film as well as ECDs. However, among the HBPs, only HBP-OAc is found to meet this requirement. The EC behaviors of the spray-coating film of HBP-OAc on an indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate are investigated in terms of maximum transmittance contrast, coloration voltage, response time, coloration efficiency, and operational stability, which exhibits reversible multicolor electrochromism (the initial purple color of the film is changed to violet followed by greenish-yellow) upon alteration of the voltage from 0.0 to 0.7 V [required to oxidize the Os(II) ion] and to 1.0 V [required to oxidize the Fe(II) ion]. The film is also integrated into a laminated ECD by using lithium-based gel electrolyte. Finally, as a proof-of-concept, a prototype voltage-tunable multicolor EC display (6 cm × 2.5 cm) is fabricated by using a designed image containing a flower, leaves, and a flower pot, which exhibits six different types of multicolor image upon application of tunable voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kumar Bera
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ninomiya
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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6
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Construction of optical active metallo-supramolecular polymers from enantiopure bis-pybox ligands. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Banasz R, Wałęsa-Chorab M. Polymeric complexes of transition metal ions as electrochromic materials: Synthesis and properties. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Jangizehi A, Ghaffarian SR, Ahmadi M. Dynamics of entangled supramolecular polymer networks in presence of high-order associations of strong hydrogen bonding groups. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Jangizehi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 Mainz D-55128 Germany
| | - Seyed Reza Ghaffarian
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| | - Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
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Rana U, Chakraborty C, Pandey RK, Hossain MD, Nagano R, Morita H, Hattori S, Minowa T, Higuchi M. Selective DNA Recognition and Cytotoxicity of Water-Soluble Helical Metallosupramolecular Polymers. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2307-2314. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Rana
- Electronic
Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Chanchal Chakraborty
- Electronic
Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), NIMS, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Rakesh K. Pandey
- Electronic
Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Md. Delwar Hossain
- Electronic
Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Reiko Nagano
- Nanotechnology
Innovation Station, NIMS, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Hiromi Morita
- Nanotechnology
Innovation Station, NIMS, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Shinya Hattori
- Nanotechnology
Innovation Station, NIMS, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Minowa
- Nanotechnology
Innovation Station, NIMS, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Electronic
Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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10
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Kanao M, Higuchi M. Synthesis of Ni-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer with Bis-NNO-Tridentate Ligand for Electrochromic Devices. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2016. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.29.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kanao
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
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11
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Zhang Y, Barboiu M. Constitutional Dynamic Materials—Toward Natural Selection of Function. Chem Rev 2015; 116:809-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems
Group, Institut Européen des Membranes—UMR CNRS 5635, Place Eugène
Bataillon, CC 047, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems
Group, Institut Européen des Membranes—UMR CNRS 5635, Place Eugène
Bataillon, CC 047, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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12
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Dong L, Sun Y, Zhang C, Han D, Bai Y, Chen M. Efficient CO2 capture by metallo-supramolecular polymers as fillers to fabricate a polymeric blend membrane. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12913c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel fillers based on metallo-supramolecular polymers were incorporated into PEBA2533 to obtain blend membranes, showing excellent CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Yuping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Dan Han
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Yunxiang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
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13
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HIGUCHI M. Design of Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers with Electronic and Optical Properties. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2014. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.71.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi HIGUCHI
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- Electronic Functional Materials Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
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