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Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Unmodified Paddlewheel Dirhodium(II,II)-Acetate/-Formamidinate Complexes and Their Axially Modified Low-Valent Metallodendrimers. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062671. [PMID: 36985643 PMCID: PMC10055960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Two diphenyl formamidine ligands, four dirhodium(II,II) complexes, and three axially modified low-valent dirhodium(II,II) metallodendrimers were synthesized and evaluated as anticancer agents against the A2780, A2780cis, and OVCAR-3 human ovarian cancer cell lines. The dirhodium(II,II) complexes show moderate cytotoxic activity in the tested tumor cell lines, with acetate and methyl-substituted formamidinate compounds displaying increased cytotoxicity that is relative to cisplatin in the A2780cis cisplatin resistant cell line. Additionally, methyl- and fluoro-substituted formamidinate complexes showed comparable and increased cytotoxic activity in the OVCAR-3 cell line when compared to cisplatin. The low-valent metallodendrimers show some activity, but a general decrease in cytotoxicity was observed when compared to the precursor complexes in all but one case, which is where the more active acetate-derived metallodendrimer showed a lower IC50 value in the OVCAR-3 cell line in comparison with the dirhodium(II,II) tetraacetate.
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2
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Sibuyi NRS, Moabelo KL, Fadaka AO, Meyer S, Onani MO, Madiehe AM, Meyer M. Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticles for Improved Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications: A Review. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:174. [PMID: 34866165 PMCID: PMC8645298 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The medical properties of metals have been explored for centuries in traditional medicine for the treatment of infections and diseases and still practiced to date. Platinum-based drugs are the first class of metal-based drugs to be clinically used as anticancer agents following the approval of cisplatin by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) over 40 years ago. Since then, more metals with health benefits have been approved for clinical trials. Interestingly, when these metals are reduced to metallic nanoparticles, they displayed unique and novel properties that were superior to their bulk counterparts. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are among the FDA-approved metallic nanoparticles and have shown great promise in a variety of roles in medicine. They were used as drug delivery, photothermal (PT), contrast, therapeutic, radiosensitizing, and gene transfection agents. Their biomedical applications are reviewed herein, covering their potential use in disease diagnosis and therapy. Some of the AuNP-based systems that are approved for clinical trials are also discussed, as well as the potential health threats of AuNPs and some strategies that can be used to improve their biocompatibility. The reviewed studies offer proof of principle that AuNP-based systems could potentially be used alone or in combination with the conventional systems to improve their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Koena Leah Moabelo
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Samantha Meyer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Martin Opiyo Onani
- Organometallics and Nanomaterials, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
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Wang Y, Guo W, Guan AL, Liu S, Yao ZJ. Half-Sandwich Iridium Complexes Based on β-Ketoamino Ligands: Preparation, Structure, and Catalytic Activity in Amide Synthesis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11514-11520. [PMID: 34255966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of β-ketoamino-based N,O-chelate half-sandwich iridium complexes with the general formula [Cp*IrClL] have been prepared in good yields. These air-insensitive iridium complexes showed desirable catalytic activity in an amide preparation under mild conditions. A number of amides with diverse substituted groups were furnished in a one-pot reaction with good-to-excellent yields through an amidation reaction of NH2OH·HCl with aldehydes in the presence of these iridium(III) precursors. The excellent catalytic activity, mild reaction conditions, and broad substrate scope gave this type of iridium catalyst potential for use in industry. All of the obtained iridium complexes were well characterized by different spectroscopy techniques. The exact molecular structure of complex 3 has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wen Guo
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ai-Lin Guan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zi-Jian Yao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.,Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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4
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Abstract
Platinum-based anticancer drugs are most likely the most successful group of bioinorganic compounds. Their apparent disadvantages have led to the development of anticancer compounds of other noble metals, resulting in several ruthenium-based drugs which have entered clinical trials on oncological patients. Besides ruthenium, numerous rhodium complexes have been recently reported as highly potent antiproliferative agents against various human cancer cells, making them potential alternatives to Pt- and Ru-based metallodrugs. In this review, half-sandwich Rh(III) complexes are overviewed. Many representatives show higher in vitro potency than and different mechanisms of action (MoA) from the conventional anticancer metallodrugs (cisplatin in most cases) or clinically studied Ru drug candidates. Furthermore, some of the reviewed Rh(III) arenyl complexes are also anticancer in vivo. Pioneer anticancer organorhodium compounds as well as the recent advances in the field are discussed properly, and adequate attention is paid to their anticancer activity, solution behaviour and various processes connected with their MoA. In summary, this work summarizes the types of compounds and the most important biological results obtained in the field of anticancer half-sandwich Rh complexes.
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Omondi RO, Sibuyi NRS, Fadaka AO, Meyer M, Jaganyi D, Ojwach SO. Role of π-conjugation on the coordination behaviour, substitution kinetics, DNA/BSA interactions, and in vitro cytotoxicity of carboxamide palladium(II) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8127-8143. [PMID: 34027534 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Treatments of N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (L1), N-(quinolin-8-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (L2), N-(quinolin-8-yl)picolinamide (L3) and N-(quinolin-8-yl)quinoline-2-carboxamide (L4) with [PdCl2(NCMe)]2 afforded the corresponding Pd(ii) complexes, [Pd(L1)Cl] (PdL1); [Pd(L2)Cl] (PdL2); [Pd(L3)Cl] (PdL3); and [Pd(L4)Cl] (PdL4) in moderate yields. Structural characterisation of the compounds was achieved by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies, elemental analyses and single crystal X-ray crystallography. The solid-state structures of complexes PdL2-PdL4 established the presence of one tridentate carboxamide and Cl ligands around the Pd(ii) coordination sphere, to give distorted square planar complexes. Electrochemical investigations of PdL1-PdL4 showed irreversible one-electron oxidation reactions. Kinetics reactivity of the complexes towards bio-molecules, thiourea (Tu), l-methionine (L-Met) and guanosine 5'-diphosphate disodium salt (5'-GMP) decreased in the order: PdL1 > PdL2 > PdL3 > PdL4, in tandem with the density functional theory (DFT) data. The complexes bind favourably to calf thymus (CT-DNA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the order of their interactions agrees with the substitution kinetics trends. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of PdL1-PdL4 were examined in cancer cell lines A549, PC-3, HT-29, Caco-2, and HeLa, and a normal cell line, KMST-6. Overall, PdL1 and PdL3 displayed potent cytotoxic effects on A549, PC-3 HT-29 and Caco-2 comparable to cisplatin. All the investigated complexes exhibited lower toxicity on normal cells than cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinner O Omondi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.
| | - Nicole R S Sibuyi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adewale O Fadaka
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Deogratius Jaganyi
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Mount Kenya University, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Stephen O Ojwach
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.
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7
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Studer V, Anghel N, Desiatkina O, Felder T, Boubaker G, Amdouni Y, Ramseier J, Hungerbühler M, Kempf C, Heverhagen JT, Hemphill A, Ruprecht N, Furrer J, Păunescu E. Conjugates Containing Two and Three Trithiolato-Bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium(II)-Arene Units as In Vitro Antiparasitic and Anticancer Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E471. [PMID: 33339451 PMCID: PMC7767221 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antiparasitic and anticancer activity evaluation of new conjugates containing two and three dinuclear trithiolato-bridged ruthenium(II)-arene units are presented. Antiparasitic activity was evaluated using transgenic Toxoplasmagondii tachyzoites constitutively expressing β-galactosidase grown in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). The compounds inhibited T.gondii proliferation with IC50 values ranging from 90 to 539 nM, and seven derivatives displayed IC50 values lower than the reference compound pyrimethamine, which is currently used for treatment of toxoplasmosis. Overall, compound flexibility and size impacted on the anti-Toxoplasma activity. The anticancer activity of 14 compounds was assessed against cancer cell lines A2780, A2780cisR (human ovarian cisplatin sensitive and resistant), A24, (D-)A24cisPt8.0 (human lung adenocarcinoma cells wild type and cisPt resistant subline). The compounds displayed IC50 values ranging from 23 to 650 nM. In A2780cisR, A24 and (D-)A24cisPt8.0 cells, all compounds were considerably more cytotoxic than cisplatin, with IC50 values lower by two orders of magnitude. Irrespective of the nature of the connectors (alkyl/aryl) or the numbers of the di-ruthenium units (two/three), ester conjugates 6-10 and 20 exhibited similar antiproliferative profiles, and were more cytotoxic than amide analogues 11-14, 23, and 24. Polynuclear conjugates with multiple trithiolato-bridged di-ruthenium(II)-arene moieties deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Studer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Nicoleta Anghel
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Oksana Desiatkina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Timo Felder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Ghalia Boubaker
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Yosra Amdouni
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Institution de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia
| | - Jessica Ramseier
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Martin Hungerbühler
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kempf
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Thomas Heverhagen
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Hemphill
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Nico Ruprecht
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
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8
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Fan XN, Deng W, Liu ZJ, Yao ZJ. Half-Sandwich Iridium Complexes for the One-Pot Synthesis of Amides: Preparation, Structure, and Diverse Catalytic Activity. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16582-16590. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Nan Fan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Zi-Jian Yao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
- Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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9
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Baartzes N, Jordaan A, Warner DF, Combrinck J, Taylor D, Chibale K, Smith GS. Antimicrobial evaluation of neutral and cationic iridium(III) and rhodium(III) aminoquinoline-benzimidazole hybrid complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 206:112694. [PMID: 32861176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of neutral and cationic Ir(III) and Rh(III) aminoquinoline-benzimidazole hybrid complexes were synthesised and their inhibitory activities evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In general, the hybrid complexes display good activity against the chloroquine-sensitive NF54 strain of P. falciparum. The neutral Ir(III)- and Rh(III)-Cp∗ complexes were the most active (IC50 = 0.488 μM for IrIII), maintaining activity against the multidrug-resistant K1 strain. Low to no cytotoxicity against the Chinese hamster ovarian cell line was observed for the tested complexes. Selected active hybrid complexes demonstrated significant inhibition of β-haematin formation in a cell-free NP-40 assay, suggesting an effect on the host haemoglobin degradation pathway as a potential contributing mechanism of action. When tested against M. tuberculosis H37Rv, most hybrid complexes displayed moderate to good activity. Again, the neutral complexes outperformed the cationic complexes, with the neutral Ir(III)-Cp∗ complexes proving most active (MIC90 = 0.488-1.490 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Baartzes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Audrey Jordaan
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Digby F Warner
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Jill Combrinck
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dale Taylor
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council, Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Gregory S Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa.
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10
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Fan XN, Ou HD, Deng W, Yao ZJ. Air-Stable Half-Sandwich Iridium Complexes as Aerobic Oxidation Catalysts for Imine Synthesis. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4800-4809. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Nan Fan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Hui-Dan Ou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zi-Jian Yao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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11
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Vinoth G, Indira S, Bharathi M, Durgadevi A, Abinaya R, Alves LG, Martins AM, Bharathi KS. Synthesis of Imines
via
Reactions of Benzyl Alcohol with Amines Using Half‐Sandwich (η
6
‐
p
‐cymene) Ruthenium(II) Complexes Stabilised by 2‐aminofluorene Derivatives. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Govindasamy Vinoth
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical SciencesPeriyar University Periyar Palkalai Nagar Salem 636011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sekar Indira
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical SciencesPeriyar University Periyar Palkalai Nagar Salem 636011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Madheswaran Bharathi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical SciencesPeriyar University Periyar Palkalai Nagar Salem 636011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Anandhan Durgadevi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical SciencesPeriyar University Periyar Palkalai Nagar Salem 636011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ravikumar Abinaya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical SciencesPeriyar University Periyar Palkalai Nagar Salem 636011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Luis G. Alves
- Centro de Química EstruturalAssociação do Instituto Superior Técnico para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento Av. Rovisco Pais, 1 1049‐003 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Martins
- Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior Técnico Av. Rovisco Pais, 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Kuppannan Shanmuga Bharathi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical SciencesPeriyar University Periyar Palkalai Nagar Salem 636011 Tamil Nadu India
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12
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Lord RM, McGowan PC. Organometallic Iridium Arene Compounds: The Effects of C-Donor Ligands on Anticancer Activity. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne M. Lord
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, U.K
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13
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Gichumbi JM, Friedrich HB, Omondi B. Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble arene-ruthenium complexes and their application in biphasic olefin oxidation. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1548702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Gichumbi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Holger B. Friedrich
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bernard Omondi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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14
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Thangavel S, Paulpandi M, Friedrich HB, Sukesh K, Skelton AA. New Ru(II) half sandwich complexes bearing the N,N′ bidentate 9-ethyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)9H-carbazole-3-amine ligand: Effects of halogen (Cl−, Br− and I−) leaving groups versus in vitro activity on HepG2 cancer cells, cell cycle, fluorescence study, cellular accumulation and DFT study. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of mono- and trinuclear half-sandwich rhodium(III) and iridium(III) complexes based on N,O -salicylaldiminato-sulfonated scaffolds. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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16
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Matsheku AC, Chen MYH, Jordaan S, Prince S, Smith GS, Makhubela BC. Acridine-containing RuII
, OsII
, RhIII
and IrIII
Half-Sandwich Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Antiproliferative Activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asanda C. Matsheku
- Department of Chemistry; University of Johannesburg; PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa
| | - Marian Y.-H. Chen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch 7701 Cape Town South Africa
| | - Sandra Jordaan
- Department of Human Biology, Division of Cell Biology; University of the Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Department of Human Biology, Division of Cell Biology; University of the Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch 7701 Cape Town South Africa
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17
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Gichumbi JM, Friedrich HB, Omondi B. Solvato-polymorph of [(η6-C6H6)RuCl (L)]PF6 (L = (2,6-dimethyl-phenyl-pyridin-2-yl methylene amine). J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Gichumbi JM, Friedrich HB, Omondi B. Application of arene ruthenium(II) complexes with pyridine-2-carboxaldimine ligands in the transfer hydrogenation of ketones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Burgoyne AR, Kaschula CH, Parker MI, Smith GS. In vitro Cytotoxicity of Half-Sandwich Platinum Group Metal Complexes of a Cationic Alkylated Phosphaadamantane Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative and molecular docking study of new half sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 159:50-61. [PMID: 26918899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The new carbazole N,N' ligand containing [(η(5)-C5Me5)MCl(L)]PF6, (M=Ir (1) and Rh (2)) and [(η(6)-C6H6)RuCl(L)]PF6 (3) (C5Me5=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, L=9-ethyl-N-(pyridine-2-yl methylene)-9H-carbazole-3-amine) complexes has been synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, 2D NMR, melting point analysis, electronic absorption, infrared spectroscopy, HR-Mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The crystal structure of the [(η(5)-C5Me5)RhCl(L)]PF6 has been confirmed by single crystal XRD. The anticancer study of the synthesized complexes 1-3 clearly showed a potent inhibitor of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) under in vitro conditions. The inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the complexes 1-3 were determined at low (5, 6 and 8μM) concentration against the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Further cytotoxic, cell cycle and nuclear studies confirmed that the novel half sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II) complexes could be effective against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell proliferation. Moreover the results indicate that anticancer in vitro activity of complexes 1-3 falls in the order of 1>2>3. A molecular docking study of the complexes 1-3 showed the nature of binding energy, H-bond and hydrophobic interactions with the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) receptor.
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Govender P, Riedel T, Dyson PJ, Smith GS. Regulating the anticancer properties of organometallic dendrimers using pyridylferrocene entities: synthesis, cytotoxicity and DNA binding studies. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9529-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00849f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eight new heterometallic ferrocenyl-derived metal–arene metallodendrimers have been prepared and evaluated for anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tina Riedel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Cape Town
- South Africa
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