1
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Grasser MA, Müller U, Ruck M. Low‐Temperature Synthesis of NiSb2, Cu2Sb, InSb and Sb2Te3 Starting from the Elements. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Ruck
- Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Helmholtzstr. 10 01069 Dresden GERMANY
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2
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Grasser MA, Pietsch T, Brunner E, Ruck M. Exploration of metal sulfide syntheses and the dissolution process of antimony sulfide in phosphonium-based ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4079-4086. [PMID: 35179150 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04165g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs), especially task-specific ILs, are capable of dissolving various solids at moderate temperatures without the need for special reaction vessels. Direct synthesis of binary sulfides of B, Bi, Ge, Mo, Cu, Au, Sn, In, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ga, Ni, Al, Zn, and Sb in [P66614]Cl was tested at 100 °C, i.e. below the melting point of sulfur. Under these conditions, substantial sulfide formation occurred only for nickel (Ni3S4, Ni3S2, NiS) and copper (Cu2S, CuS). Sb showed no formation of crystalline sulfide, but after addition of EtOH, an orange material precipitated which was identified as amorphous metastibnite. Subsequently, the dissolution of antimony sulfide (Sb2S3), the main source of antimony production, in the phosphonium-based ILs [P66614][OAc] and [P66614]Cl at 100 °C was studied in detail. The dissolution proceeds without H2S evolution, and amorphous Sb2S3 can be precipitated from these solutions. Heating Sb2S3 in the Lewis-acidic IL [BMIm]Cl·4.7AlCl3 led to the crystallization of [Sb13S16Cl2][AlCl4]5, which contains a new quadruple heterocubane cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias A Grasser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Tobias Pietsch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Eike Brunner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany. .,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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3
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Grasser MA, Finzel K, Ruck M. The Layered Semiconductor Cu(Sb
2
S
3
)[AlCl
4
]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias A. Grasser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Kati Finzel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
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4
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Zhang T, Doert T, Wang H, Zhang S, Ruck M. Inorganic Synthesis Based on Reactions of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22148-22165. [PMID: 34032351 PMCID: PMC8518931 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents are of growing interest as solvents for the resource‐efficient synthesis of inorganic materials. This Review covers chemical reactions of various deep eutectic solvents and types of ionic liquids, including metal‐containing ionic liquids, [BF4]−‐ or [PF6]−‐based ionic liquids, basic ionic liquids, and chalcogen‐containing ionic liquids. Cases in which cations, anions, or both are incorporated into the final products are also included. The purpose of this Review is to raise caution about the chemical reactivity of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents and to establish a guide for their proper use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Thomas Doert
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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5
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Zhang T, Doert T, Wang H, Zhang S, Ruck M. Ionische Flüssigkeiten und stark eutektische Lösungsmittel in der anorganischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Thomas Doert
- Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Michael Ruck
- Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe 01187 Dresden Deutschland
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6
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Tan D, Kirbus B, Eng LM, Ruck M. Nanostructured Borate Halides for Optical Second Harmonic Generation at Surfaces. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deming Tan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Benjamin Kirbus
- Institute of Applied Physics Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Lukas M. Eng
- Institute of Applied Physics Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
- ct.qmat Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter Cluster of Excellence EXC 2147 Dresden/Würzburg Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
- ct.qmat Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter Cluster of Excellence EXC 2147 Dresden/Würzburg Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
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7
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Tan D, Chen P, Wang G, Chen G, Pietsch T, Brunner E, Doert T, Ruck M. One-pot resource-efficient synthesis of SnSb powders for composite anodes in sodium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2020; 10:22250-22256. [PMID: 35516593 PMCID: PMC9054498 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03679j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
SnSb alloy, which can be used as an anode in a sodium-ion cell, was synthesized following a resource-efficient route at low temperature. This one-pot approach greatly reduces the energy consumption and maximizes the efficient use of raw materials. The reaction of elemental tin and antimony in the ionic liquid (IL) trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([P66614]Cl) at 200 °C led to a microcrystalline powder of single-phase SnSb within 10 h with very high yield (95%). Liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that the IL remains essentially stable during the reaction. It was recovered almost quantitatively by distilling off the organic solvent used for product separation. Composites of SnSb powder and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated by a simple ball milling process. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the Na‖SnSb/CNTs cell retains close to 100% of its initial capacity after 50 cycles at a current of 50 mA g-1, which is much better than the Na‖SnSb cell. The greatly increased capacity retainability can be attributed to the conductive network formed by CNTs inside the SnSb/CNTs electrode, providing 3D effective and fast electronic pathways during sodium intercalation and de-intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Tan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Peng Chen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Gang Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Guangbo Chen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Tobias Pietsch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Doert
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
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8
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Tan D, Kirbus B, Rüsing M, Pietsch T, Ruck M, Eng LM. Resource-Efficient Low-Temperature Synthesis of Microcrystalline Pb 2 B 5 O 9 X (X = Cl, Br) for Surfaces Studies by Optical Second Harmonic Generation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000857. [PMID: 32402141 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optically nonlinear Pb2 B5 O9 X (X = Cl, Br) borate halides are an important group of materials for second harmonic generation (SHG). Additionally, they also possess excellent photocatalytic activity and stability in the process of dechlorination of chlorophenols, which are typical persistent organic pollutants. It would be of great interest to conduct in situ (photo-) catalysis investigations during the whole photocatalytic process by SHG when considering them as photocatalytic materials. In order to get superior photocatalytic efficiency and maximum surface information, small particles are highly desired. Here, a low-cost and fast synthesis route that allows growing microcrystalline optically nonlinear Pb2 B5 O9 X borate halides at large quantities is introduced. When applying the ionothermal growth process at temperatures between 130 and 170 °C, microcrystallites with an average size of about 1 µm precipitate with an orthorhombic hilgardite-like borate halide structure. Thorough examinations using powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, the Pb2 B5 O9 X microcrystals are indicated to be chemically pure and single-phased. Besides, the Pb2 B5 O9 X borate halides' SHG efficiencies are confirmed using confocal SHG microscopy. The low-temperature synthesis route thus makes these borate halides a highly desirable material for surface studies such as monitoring chemical reactions with picosecond time resolution and in situ (photo-) catalysis investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Tan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kirbus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Michael Rüsing
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Tobias Pietsch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
- ct.qmat-Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2147, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Lukas M Eng
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
- ct.qmat-Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2147, Dresden, 01069, Germany
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9
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Zhang G, Liu D, Tian N, Liu B, Li S, You C, Qu X, Ma H, Fan C, Zhang Y. Liquid Exfibration and Optoelectronic Devices of Fibrous Phosphorus. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:976-979. [PMID: 31885252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) semiconductor materials, such as carbon nanotubes, SbSI, MP15 (M = Li, Na, K), and selenium and tellurium nanowires, show amazing potential for applications in future nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices. However, intricate chirality in the structure of carbon nanotubes limits their applications. Also, the performance of MP15 in optoelectronics has yet to be extensively explored. One new Q1D semiconductor material, fibrous phosphorus (FP), has recently received attention because its raw material is less toxic. However, the ability to characterize FP by phase identification is limited in the assessment of micro/nano-thickness, such as exfibrated FP. So, identifying a precise Raman spectrum will allow for much better characterization. Here, a sufficiently sharp Raman spectrum of FP was obtained and analyzed. Moreover, we demonstrated that high-quality, few-layer FP fibers with thicknesses as low as 5.55 nm can be produced by liquid-phase exfibration under ambient conditions in solvents. More importantly, an optoelectronic detector based on a single FP fiber field-effect-transistor configuration was investigated. A rise time as short as about 40 ms was obtained for the FP transistors, illustrating the potential of FP single bundle crystals as a new one-dimensional material for optoelectronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nan Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices , Guilin University of Technology , Guilin 541004 , China
| | | | - Songyu Li
- School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | | | | | | | - Changzeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology , Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao 066004 , China
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10
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Zhu Q, Wang H, Yang J, Xie C, Zeng D, Zhao N. Red Phosphorus: An Elementary Semiconductor for Room-Temperature NO 2 Gas Sensing. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2629-2636. [PMID: 30456951 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Black and blue phosphorus (both allotropes of elementary phosphorus) have recently been widely explored as an active material for electronic devices, and their potential in gas sensing applications has been demonstrated. On the other hand, amorphous red phosphorus (a-RP), a much cheaper and readily available phosphorus allotrope, has seldom been investigated as an electronic material, and its gas sensing properties have never been studied. In this work we have investigated these properties of a-RP by combining experimental characterizations with theoretical calculations. We found that a-RP exhibited an amphoteric character for detecting both commonly regarded reducing and oxidizing gas molecules, featuring a negative correlation between the electrical resistance of a-RP and the gas concentration. Interestingly, the a-RP based sensors appear to be particularly suitable for room-temperature NO2 detection, exhibiting excellent sensitivity and selectivity, as well as fast temporal response and recovery. A unique sensing feature of a-RP toward NO2 was identified, which is associated with the expansion of P-P bonds upon NO2 chemisorption. Based on density functional theory calculations we proposed a physiochemical model to elaborate the synergistic effects of the P-P bond expansion and Langmuir isotherm adsorption on the electronic properties and gas sensing processes of a-RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Changsheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dawen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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11
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Lê Anh M, Wolff A, Kaiser M, Yogendra S, Weigand JJ, Pallmann J, Brunner E, Ruck M, Doert T. Mechanistic exploration of the copper(i) phosphide synthesis in phosphonium-based and phosphorus-free ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:15004-15011. [PMID: 29051938 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03083e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the synthesis of copper(i) phosphide (Cu3-xP) in the ionic liquid (IL) trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride ([P66614][Cl]) was investigated. The phosphide formation is promoted by a transformation of red phosphorus (Pred) into mobile P4 molecules and a surface activation of copper caused by the IL including the Brønsted acidic impurity. The surface activation is important to obtain a quantitative product yield. Moreover, we demonstrate that single-phase Cu3-xP can also be synthesized in the nitrogen-based IL tetrabutylammonium chloride ([N4444][Cl]). Further substitution of the anion of the IL using tetrabutylammonium bromide ([N4444][Br]) or the complete replacement of the IL by a deep eutectic solvent consisting of adipic acid and betaine do not lead to single-phase Cu3-xP. Therefore, the nature of the anions present in the IL also seems to be relevant for the convenient phosphidization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Lê Anh
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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12
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Gao M, Yuan J, Antonietti M. Ionic Liquids and Poly(ionic liquid)s for Morphosynthesis of Inorganic Materials. Chemistry 2017; 23:5391-5403. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min‐Rui Gao
- Max Plank Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Department of Colloid Chemistry Research Campus Golm Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Max Plank Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Department of Colloid Chemistry Research Campus Golm Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Max Plank Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Department of Colloid Chemistry Research Campus Golm Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
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13
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Zhang T, Schwedtmann K, Weigand JJ, Doert T, Ruck M. Dissolution behaviour and activation of selenium in phosphonium based ionic liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03564k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dissolution behaviour of grey selenium in phosphonium based ionic liquids (ILs) has been investigated for the first time by 31P and 77Se nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Kai Schwedtmann
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Thomas Doert
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids
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14
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Controlled Synthesis of Polyions of Heavy Main-Group Elements in Ionic Liquids. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091452. [PMID: 27598123 PMCID: PMC5037731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proven to be valuable reaction media for the synthesis of inorganic materials among an abundance of other applications in different fields of chemistry. Up to now, the syntheses have remained mostly “black boxes”; and researchers have to resort to trial-and-error in order to establish a new synthetic route to a specific compound. This review comprises decisive reaction parameters and techniques for the directed synthesis of polyions of heavy main-group elements (fourth period and beyond) in ILs. Several families of compounds are presented ranging from polyhalides over carbonyl complexes and selenidostannates to homo and heteropolycations.
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15
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Wolff A, Pallmann J, Boucher R, Weiz A, Brunner E, Doert T, Ruck M. Resource-Efficient High-Yield Ionothermal Synthesis of Microcrystalline Cu3–xP. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8844-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Ruck
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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16
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Liu Z, Shen Z, Yu JC. An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9580-5. [PMID: 27145537 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductive property of elementary substance is an interesting and attractive phenomenon. We obtain a breakthrough that fibrous phase red phosphorus, a recent discovered modification of red phosphorus by Ruck et al., can work as a semiconductor photocatalyst for visible-light-driven hydrogen (H2 ) evolution. Small sized fibrous phosphorus is obtained by 1) loading it on photoinactive SiO2 fibers or by 2) smashing it ultrasonically. They display the steady hydrogen evolution rates of 633 μmol h(-1) g(-1) and 684 μmol h(-1) g(-1) , respectively. These values are much higher than previous amorphous P (0.6 μmol h(-1) g(-1) ) and Hittorf P (1.6 μmol h(-1) g(-1) ). Moreover, they are the highest records in the family of elemental photocatalysts to date. This discovery is helpful for further understanding the semiconductive property of elementary substance. It is also favorable for the development of elemental photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen research institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luyan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhurui Shen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. .,Shenzhen research institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jimmy C Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. .,Shenzhen research institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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17
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Liu Z, Shen Z, Yu JC. An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen research institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
| | - Luyan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
| | - Zhurui Shen
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Shenzhen research institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
| | - Jimmy C. Yu
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen research institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
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