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Ketcham HE, Bennett MT, Reid CW, Gunnoe TB. Advances in arene alkylation and alkenylation catalyzed by transition metal complexes based on ruthenium, nickel, palladium, platinum, rhodium and iridium. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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2
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Martins LM. Catalytic applications of recent metal poly(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-methane scorpionates. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Francis S, Rice CR, Scattergood PA, Elliott PIP. Synthesis and characterisation of group 8 tris(1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)- p-anisolylmethane complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13692-13702. [PMID: 36001010 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02503e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tris(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methane framework offers a highly versatile architecture for ligand design, yet the coordination chemistry of this class of ligand remains largely unexplored. We report here the synthesis and characterisation of the homoleptic complexes [M(ttzm)2](PF6)2 (ttzm = tris(1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-p-anisolylmethane; M = Fe (Fe), Ru (Ru), Os (Os)). Initial attempts to prepare Ru by reaction of [Ru(p-cymene)Cl2]2 and ttzm also led to the isolation of the heteroleptic complex [Ru(p-cymene)(ttzm)](PF6)2. The structures of [Ru(p-cymene)(ttzm)](PF6)2, [Fe(ttzm)2]2+ (as its BPh4- salt) and Os were solved by X-ray diffraction. The homoleptic Fe(II) and Os(II) containing cations adopt distorted octahedral geometries due to the steric interactions between the ansiole and triazole rings of the ttzm ligands. The homoleptic complexes all adopt a low-spin d6 configuration and exhibit reversible M(II)/M(III) processes (+0.35 to +0.72 V vs. Fc/Fc+). These oxidation processes are cathodically shifted relative to those of related hexatriazole donor based complexes with density functional theory (DFT) calculations showing the metal d-orbitals are destabilised through a π-donor contribution from the triazole rings. The complexes all show prominent UV-visible absorption bands between 350 and 450 nm assigned to transitions of 1MLCT character. Whilst none of the homoleptic complexes are emissive in room temperature fluid solutions, Os is emissive at 77 K in an EtOH/MeOH glass (λmax 472 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Francis
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Craig R Rice
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Paul A Scattergood
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Paul I P Elliott
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
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González‐Montiel S, Ignacio Sandoval‐Chávez C, Castillo‐Moreno MÁ, Mendoza‐Espinosa D, Manuel Vásquez‐Pérez J, Cruz‐Borbolla J, Salazar‐Pereda V. Coordination from Heteroscorpionate Ligand Towards Pd(II) via Pd⋅⋅⋅Hδ−C(sp3) Interaction: Structural and Catalytic Studies. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simplicio González‐Montiel
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - César Ignacio Sandoval‐Chávez
- CONACYT Research-Fellow, Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C. P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Miguel Ángel Castillo‐Moreno
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Daniel Mendoza‐Espinosa
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - José Manuel Vásquez‐Pérez
- CONACYT Research-Fellow, Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C. P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Julián Cruz‐Borbolla
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Verónica Salazar‐Pereda
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
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Gunnoe TB, Schinski WL, Jia X, Zhu W. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Arene Alkylation and Alkenylation: Catalytic Processes for the Generation of Chemical Intermediates. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Brent Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - William L. Schinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Xiaofan Jia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Weihao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Pyykkönen A, Feher R, Köhler FH, Vaara J. Paramagnetic Pyrazolylborate Complexes Tp 2M and Tp* 2M: 1H, 13C, 11B, and 14N NMR Spectra and First-Principles Studies of Chemical Shifts. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9294-9307. [PMID: 32558559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The paramagnetic pyrazolylborates Tp2M and Tp*2M (M = Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, V) as well as [Tp2M]+ and [Tp*2M]+ (M = Fe, Cr, V) have been synthesized and their NMR spectra recorded. The 1H signal shift ranges vary from ∼30 ppm (Cu(II) and V(III)) to ∼220 ppm (Co(II)), and the 13C signal shift ranges from ∼180 ppm (Fe(III)) to ∼1150 ppm (Cr(II)). The 11B and 14N shifts are ∼360 and ∼730 ppm, respectively. Both negative and positive shifts have been observed for all nuclei. The narrow NMR signals of the Co(II), Fe(II), Fe(III), and V(III) derivatives provide resolved 13C,1H couplings. All chemical shifts have been calculated from first-principles on a modern version of Kurland-McGarvey theory which includes optimized structures, zero-field splitting, and g tensors, as well as signal shift contributions. Temperature dependence in the Fe(II) spin-crossover complex results from the equilibrium of the ground singlet and the excited quintet. We illustrate both the assignment and analysis capabilities, as well as the shortcomings of the current computational methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Pyykkönen
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Robert Feher
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Frank H Köhler
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Juha Vaara
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
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Fernández-Alvarez FJ, Polo V, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Pérez-Torrente JJ, Oro LA, Lalrempuia R. Synthesis and reactivity at the Ir- MeTpm platform: from κ 1-N coordination to κ 3-N-based organometallic chemistry. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6455-6463. [PMID: 30924485 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00703b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of [Ir(μ-Cl)(COE)2]2 (COE = cis-cyclooctene) with tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane (MeTpm) affords [IrCl(κ1-N-MeTpm)(COD)] (1) (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene). The formation of 1 implies the transfer dehydrogenation of a COE ligand to give COD and COA (cyclooctane). A mechanistic proposal based on DFT calculations that explains this iridium promoted process has been disclosed. Additionally, reactivity studies have allowed the preparation and characterization, including determination of the molecular structures of a number of iridium complexes with the MeTpm ligand in κ1, κ2 or κ3-N coordination modes. Moreover, the first example of an Ir-cyclooctyl complex featuring hydride and carbonyl ligands, whose solid state structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Fernández-Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física-Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús J Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A Oro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ralte Lalrempuia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain and School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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8
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Biswas A, Ellern A, Sadow AD. CO Displacement in an Oxidative Addition of Primary Silanes to Rhodium(I). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3815-3824. [PMID: 30821972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rhodium dicarbonyl {PhB(OxMe2)2ImMes}Rh(CO)2 (1) and primary silanes react by oxidative addition of a nonpolar Si-H bond and, uniquely, a thermal dissociation of CO. These reactions are reversible, and kinetic measurements model the approach to equilibrium. Thus, 1 and RSiH3 react by oxidative addition at room temperature in the dark, even in CO-saturated solutions. The oxidative addition reaction is first-order in both 1 and RSiH3, with rate constants for oxidative addition of PhSiH3 and PhSiD3 revealing kH/ kD ∼ 1. The reverse reaction, reductive elimination of Si-H from {PhB(OxMe2)2ImMes}RhH(SiH2R)CO (2), is also first-order in [2] and depends on [CO]. The equilibrium concentrations, determined over a 30 °C temperature range, provide Δ H ° = -5.5 ± 0.2 kcal/mol and Δ S ° = -16 ± 1 cal·mol-1K-1 (for 1 ⇄ 2). The rate laws and activation parameters for oxidative addition (Δ H⧧ = 11 ± 1 kcal·mol-1 and Δ S⧧ = -26 ± 3 cal·mol-1·K-1) and reductive elimination (Δ H⧧ = 17 ± 1 kcal·mol-1 and Δ S⧧ = -10 ± 3 cal·mol-1K-1), particularly the negative activation entropy for both forward and reverse reactions, suggest the transition state of the rate-determining step contains {PhB(OxMe2)2ImMes}Rh(CO)2 and RSiH3. Comparison of a series of primary silanes reveals that oxidative addition of arylsilanes is ca. 5× faster than alkylsilanes, whereas reductive elimination of Rh-Si/Rh-H from alkylsilyl and arylsilyl rhodium(III) occurs with similar rate constants. Thus, the equilibrium constant Ke for oxidative addition of arylsilanes is >1, whereas reductive elimination is favored for alkylsilanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhranil Biswas
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University , 1605 Gilman Hall, 2415 Osborn Drive , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States.,United States Department of Energy Ames Laboratory , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Arkady Ellern
- United States Department of Energy Ames Laboratory , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Aaron D Sadow
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University , 1605 Gilman Hall, 2415 Osborn Drive , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States.,United States Department of Energy Ames Laboratory , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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9
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Molina de la Torre JA, Pérez-Ortega I, Beltrán Á, Rodríguez MR, Díaz-Requejo MM, Pérez PJ, Albéniz AC. Trispyrazolylborate Ligands Supported on Vinyl Addition Polynorbornenes and Their Copper Derivatives as Recyclable Catalysts. Chemistry 2019; 25:556-563. [PMID: 30194871 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Polynorbornenes prepared by vinyl addition polymerization and bearing pendant alkenyl groups serve as skeletons to support trispyrazolylborate ligands (Tpx ) built at those alkenyl sites. Reaction with CuI in acetonitrile led to VA-PNB-Tpx Cu(NCMe) (VA-PBN=vinyl addition polynorbornene) with a 0.8-1.4 mmol incorporation of Cu per gram of polymer. The presence of tetracoordinated copper(I) ions was been assessed by FTIR studies on the corresponding VA-PNB-Tpx Cu(CO) adducts, in agreement with those on discrete Tpx Cu(CO). The new materials were employed as heterogeneous catalysts in several carbene- and nitrene-transfer reactions, showing a behavior similar to that of the homogeneous counterparts but also being recycled several times maintaining a high degree of activity and selectivity. This is the first example of supported Tpx ligands onto polymeric supports with catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Ortega
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al, CSIC CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-, Huelva, Spain
| | - Manuel R Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al, CSIC CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-, Huelva, Spain
| | - M Mar Díaz-Requejo
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al, CSIC CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-, Huelva, Spain
| | - Pedro J Pérez
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al, CSIC CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-, Huelva, Spain
| | - Ana C Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071, Valladolid, Spain
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Sun C, Skorupskii G, Dou JH, Wright AM, Dincă M. Reversible Metalation and Catalysis with a Scorpionate-like Metallo-ligand in a Metal–Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17394-17398. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Grigorii Skorupskii
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jin-Hu Dou
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ashley M. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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11
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Studies of the decomposition of the ethylene hydrophenylation catalyst TpRu(CO)(NCMe)Ph. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Silva F, Fernandes C, Campello MPC, Paulo A. Metal complexes of tridentate tripod ligands in medical imaging and therapy. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park Y, Kim Y, Chang S. Transition Metal-Catalyzed C-H Amination: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:9247-9301. [PMID: 28051855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1558] [Impact Index Per Article: 222.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic transformation of ubiquitous C-H bonds into valuable C-N bonds offers an efficient synthetic approach to construct N-functionalized molecules. Over the last few decades, transition metal catalysis has been repeatedly proven to be a powerful tool for the direct conversion of cheap hydrocarbons to synthetically versatile amino-containing compounds. This Review comprehensively highlights recent advances in intra- and intermolecular C-H amination reactions utilizing late transition metal-based catalysts. Initial discovery, mechanistic study, and additional applications were categorized on the basis of the mechanistic scaffolds and types of reactions. Reactivity and selectivity of novel systems are discussed in three sections, with each being defined by a proposed working mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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15
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Di Giuseppe A, Castarlenas R, Oro LA. Rhodium Catalysts for C–S Bond Formation. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2016_171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Adach A, Daszkiewicz M, Tyszka-Czochara M. A family of complexes with N-scorpionate-type and other N-donor ligands obtained in situ from pyrazole derivative and zerovalent cobalt. Physicochemical and cytotoxicity studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06439f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we described one pot synthetic pathways which generated in situ three complexes which contain three different ligands: N,N,N-tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolylmethyl)amine (L1), urotropine (L2) and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (L3).
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Adach
- Institute of Chemistry
- Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce
- 25-406 Kielce
- Poland
| | - M. Daszkiewicz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 50-950 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - M. Tyszka-Czochara
- Department of Radioligands
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Jagiellonian University Medical College
- 30-688 Kraków
- Poland
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