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Kim D, Rosko MC, Castellano FN, Gray TG, Teets TS. Long Excited-State Lifetimes in Three-Coordinate Copper(I) Complexes via Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer to Pyrene-Decorated Isocyanides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19193-19204. [PMID: 38956456 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
There has been much effort to improve excited-state lifetimes in photosensitizers based on earth-abundant first-row transition metals. Copper(I) complexes have gained significant attention in this field, and in most cases, sterically driven approaches are used to optimize their lifetimes. This study presents a series of three-coordinate copper(I) complexes (Cu1-Cu3) where the excited-state lifetime is extended by triplet-triplet energy transfer. The heteroleptic compounds feature a cyclohexyl-substituted β-diketiminate (CyNacNacMe) paired with aryl isocyanide ligands, giving the general formula Cu(CyNacNacMe)(CN-Ar) (CN-dmp = 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide for Cu1; CN-pyr = 1-pyrenyl isocyanide for Cu2; CN-dmp-pyr = 2,6-dimethyl-4-(1-pyrenyl)phenyl isocyanide for Cu3). The nature, energies, and dynamics of the low-energy triplet excited states are assessed with a combination of photoluminescence measurements at room temperature and 77 K, ultrafast transient absorption (UFTA) spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. The complexes with the pyrene-decorated isocyanides (Cu2 and Cu3) exhibit extended excited-state lifetimes resulting from triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET) between the short-lived charge-transfer excited state (3CT) and the long-lived pyrene-centered triplet state (3pyr). This TTET process is irreversible in Cu3, producing exclusively the 3pyr state, and in Cu2, the 3CT and 3pyr states are nearly isoenergetic, enabling reversible TTET and long-lived 3CT luminescence. The improved photophysical properties in Cu2 and Cu3 result in improvements in activity for both photocatalytic stilbene E/Z isomerization via triplet energy transfer and photoredox transformations involving hydrodebromination and C-O bond activation. These results illustrate that the extended excited-state lifetimes achieved through TTET result in newly conceived photosynthetically relevant earth-abundant transition metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dooyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Michael C Rosko
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Thomas G Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Thomas S Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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2
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Zhang X, Wu Z, Xu JY, Li WX, Li XL. Synthesis, structures and naked-eye phosphorescence of 2-(6-Methoxynaphthyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline-Cu(I) complexes. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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3
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Sun ZZ, Zhu N, Pan X, Wang G, Li ZF, Xin XL, Han HL, Feng YB, Jin QH, Yang YP, Yang W. A new application of terahertz time-domain absorption spectra in luminescent complexes: characterization of the C-Hπ weak interactions in Cu(I) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10214-10224. [PMID: 34232237 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01023a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Six Cu(i) complexes, [Cu(2,3-f)(bdppmapy)]BF4 (1), [Cu(2,3-f)(bdppmapy)]ClO4 (2), [Cu(2,3-f)(bdppmapy)]CF3SO3 (3), [Cu(imidazo[4,5-f])(bdppmapy)]BF4 (4), [Cu(imidazo[4,5-f])(bdppmapy)]ClO4 (5), and [Cu(imidazo[4,5-f])(bdppmapy)]CF3SO3·MeOH (6·MeOH) (bdppmapy = N,N-bis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]-2-pyridinamine, 2,3-f = pyrazine[2,3-f][1,10]-phenanthroline, and imidazo[4,5-f] = 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline), have been synthesized to explore the effects of counteranions on their crystal structures, photophysical properties, and terahertz (THz) spectra. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) shows that the luminescence performance of these complexes is attributed to the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) in combination with ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT). In complexes 1-3, the characteristic peak at 1.4 THz is mainly related to the C-Hπ interaction formed by the H atom on the 4#/5# position of 2,3-f and the benzene ring from the bdppmapy on the adjacent asymmetric unit. The common C-Hπ interaction enhances the rigidity of the structure and has non-negligible influence on the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs): the stronger the C-Hπ interaction is, the higher the quantum yield (QY) is. In complexes 4-6, similar absorption peaks (1.10-1.30 THz) are mainly related to the C-Hπ interactions, and strong absorption peaks (1.50-1.90 THz) are affected by the typical hydrogen bonds N-HF/O and O-HO. These results show that some weak interactions can be characterized by THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). So, the THz spectroscopy method would make it possible to tune some of the weak interactions in complex structures to regulate the luminescence of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhou Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Zhong-Feng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xiu-Lan Xin
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hong-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yue-Bing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China. and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- School of Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnical Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, P. R. China.
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4
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Rozhkov AV, Eliseeva SN, Baykov SV, Zelenkov LE, Goriachiy DO, Taydakov IV. Copper( i) ionic complexes based on imidazo[4,5- f][1,10]phenanthrolin diimine chelating ligands: crystal structures, and photo- and electroluminescence properties. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05109k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Four new luminescent diimine Cu(i) complexes have been synthesized and applied in organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V. Rozhkov
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana N. Eliseeva
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V. Baykov
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Lev E. Zelenkov
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry O. Goriachiy
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Ilya V. Taydakov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
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5
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Yang B, Wang J, Xu S, Chen H, Zhao F, Wang Y. Four-coordinate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) copper(I) complexes bearing functionalized 3-benzyl-1-(pyridyl)-1H-imidazolylidene ligands: Synthesis, photophysical properties and computational study. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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6
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Bortoluzzi M, Castro J, Girotto M, Enrichi F, Vomiero A. Luminescent copper(I) coordination polymer with 1-methyl-1H-benzotriazole, iodide and acetonitrile as ligands. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Shi Y, Liu X, Shan Y, Zhang X, Kong W, Lu Y, Tan Z, Li XL. Naked-eye repeatable off–on–off and on–off–on switching luminescence of copper(i)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline complexes with reversible acid–base responses. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2430-2441. [PMID: 30688965 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04538k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Repeatable off–on–off or on–off–on luminescence of a series of Cu(i) complexes is observed with reversible base–acid or acid–base responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yuyu Shan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Weibo Kong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yuenan Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Zhidan Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Xiu-Ling Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
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Yu X, Fan W, Wang G, Lin S, Li Z, Liu M, Yang Y, Xin X, Jin Q. Synthesis, structures, luminescence and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of nine Cu(I) complexes with P^P ligands and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Brunner F, Babaei A, Pertegás A, Junquera-Hernández JM, Prescimone A, Constable EC, Bolink HJ, Sessolo M, Ortí E, Housecroft CE. Phosphane tuning in heteroleptic [Cu(N^N)(P^P)]+ complexes for light-emitting electrochemical cells. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:446-460. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03827a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects on photo-and electroluminescent properties of structurally modifying the bisphosphane in [Cu(N^N)(P^P)]+ complexes (N^N = bpy, 6-Mebpy, 6,6′-Me2bpy) are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Brunner
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Azin Babaei
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Antonio Pertegás
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | | | | | | | - Henk J. Bolink
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Michele Sessolo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
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La Rosa M, Denisov SA, Jonusauskas G, McClenaghan ND, Credi A. Designed Long-Lived Emission from CdSe Quantum Dots through Reversible Electronic Energy Transfer with a Surface-Bound Chromophore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3104-3107. [PMID: 29383800 PMCID: PMC5873259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The size-tunable emission of luminescent quantum dots (QDs) makes them highly interesting for applications that range from bioimaging to optoelectronics. For the same applications, engineering their luminescence lifetime, in particular, making it longer, would be as important; however, no rational approach to reach this goal is available to date. We describe a strategy to prolong the emission lifetime of QDs through electronic energy shuttling to the triplet excited state of a surface-bound molecular chromophore. To implement this idea, we made CdSe QDs of different sizes and carried out self-assembly with a pyrene derivative. We observed that the conjugates exhibit delayed luminescence, with emission decays that are prolonged by more than 3 orders of magnitude (lifetimes up to 330 μs) compared to the parent CdSe QDs. The mechanism invokes unprecedented reversible quantum dot to organic chromophore electronic energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello La Rosa
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentariUniversità di BolognaViale Fanin 5040127BolognaItaly
| | - Sergey A. Denisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255Université de Bordeaux33405TalenceFrance
| | - Gediminas Jonusauskas
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5798Université de Bordeaux33405TalenceFrance
| | - Nathan D. McClenaghan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255Université de Bordeaux33405TalenceFrance
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentariUniversità di BolognaViale Fanin 5040127BolognaItaly
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11
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La Rosa M, Denisov SA, Jonusauskas G, McClenaghan ND, Credi A. Designed Long-Lived Emission from CdSe Quantum Dots through Reversible Electronic Energy Transfer with a Surface-Bound Chromophore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello La Rosa
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures; Università di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari; Università di Bologna; Viale Fanin 50 40127 Bologna Italy
| | - Sergey A. Denisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Université de Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Gediminas Jonusauskas
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5798; Université de Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Nathan D. McClenaghan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Université de Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures; Università di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Via Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari; Università di Bologna; Viale Fanin 50 40127 Bologna Italy
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