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Bernbeck M, Orlova AP, Hilgar JD, Gembicky M, Ozerov M, Rinehart JD. Dipolar Coupling as a Mechanism for Fine Control of Magnetic States in ErCOT-Alkyl Molecular Magnets. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7243-7256. [PMID: 38456803 PMCID: PMC10958522 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The design of molecular magnets has progressed greatly by taking advantage of the ability to impart successive perturbations and control vibronic transitions in 4fn systems through the careful manipulation of the crystal field. Herein, we control the orientation and rigidity of two dinuclear ErCOT-based molecular magnets: the inversion-symmetric bridged [ErCOT(μ-Me)(THF)]2 (2) and the nearly linear Li[(ErCOT)2(μ-Me)3] (3). The conserved anisotropy of the ErCOT synthetic unit facilitates the direction of the arrangement of its magnetic anisotropy for the purposes of generating controlled internal magnetic fields, improving control of the energetics and transition probabilities of the electronic angular momentum states with exchange biasing via dipolar coupling. This control is evidenced through the introduction of a second thermal barrier to relaxation operant at low temperatures that is twice as large in 3 as in 2. This barrier acts to suppress through-barrier relaxation by protecting the ground state from interacting with stray local fields while operating at an energy scale an order of magnitude smaller than the crystal field term. These properties are highlighted when contrasted against the mononuclear structure ErCOT(Bn)(THF)2 (1), in which quantum tunneling of the magnetization processes dominate, as demonstrated by magnetometry and ab initio computational methods. Furthermore, far-infrared magnetospectroscopy measurements reveal that the increased rigidity imparted by successive removal of solvent ligands when adding bridging methyl groups, along with the increased excited state purity, severely limits local spin-vibrational interactions that facilitate magnetic relaxation, manifesting as longer relaxation times in 3 relative to those in 2 as temperature is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
G. Bernbeck
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Angelica P. Orlova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jeremy D. Hilgar
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Rinehart
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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2
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Geue N. Emerging scientists in analytical sciences: Niklas Geue. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 5:2300049. [PMID: 38828083 PMCID: PMC11142393 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Geue
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
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3
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Jin PB, Yu KX, Luo QC, Liu YY, Zhai YQ, Zheng YZ. Tetraanionic arachno-Carboranyl Ligand Imparts Strong Axiality to Terbium(III) Single-Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203285. [PMID: 35426226 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A family of fully sandwiched arachno-lanthanacarborane complexes formulated as {η6 -[μ-1,2-[o-C6 H4 (CH2 )2 ]-1,2-C2 B10 H10 ]2 Ln}{Li5 (THF)10 } (Ln=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Y) is successfully synthesized, where the "carbons-adjacent" carboranyl ligand (arachno-R2 -C2 B10 H10 4- ) bears four negative charges and coordinates to the central lanthanide ions using the hexagonal η6 C2 B4 face. Thus, the central lanthanide cations are pseudo-twelve-coordinate and have an approximate pseudo-D6h symmetry or hexagonal-prismatic geometry. As the crystal field effect imparted by this geometry is still unknown, we thoroughly investigated the magnetic properties of this series of complexes and found that the crystal field imposed by this ligand causes a relation of Tb>Dy>Ho>Er for the energy gaps between the ground and the first excited states, which is of striking resemblance to the ferrocenophane and phthalocyanine ligands although the latter two ligands give disparate local coordination geometries. Moreover, the effective energy barrier to magnetization reversal of 445(10) K, the observable hysteresis loop up to 4 K and the relaxation time of the yttrium-diluted sample reaching 193(17) seconds at 2 K under an optimized field for the Tb analogue of this family of arachno-lanthanacarborane complexes, render a new benchmark for Tb3+ -based single-molecule magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Bo Jin
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Mater, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Xin Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Mater, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Cheng Luo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Mater, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Ye Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Mater, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Qi Zhai
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Mater, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Zhen Zheng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Mater, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
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4
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Jin PB, Yu KX, Luo QC, Liu YY, Zhai YQ, Zheng YZ. Tetraanionic arachno‐Carboranyl Ligand Imparts Strong Axiality to Terbium(III) Single‐Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Bo Jin
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Ke-Xin Yu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Qian-Cheng Luo
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Ye-Ye Liu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Yuan-Qi Zhai
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Yan-Zhen Zheng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Center for Applied Chemical Research 99 Yan Xiang LuQujiang Campus of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityA316 Xi Yi Lou 710054 Xian CHINA
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Zhou Z, McNeely J, Greenough J, Wei Z, Han H, Rouzières M, Rogachev AY, Clérac R, Petrukhina MA. Lanthanide-mediated tuning of electronic and magnetic properties in heterotrimetallic cyclooctatetraenyl multidecker self-assemblies. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3864-3874. [PMID: 35432895 PMCID: PMC8966735 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00631f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel family of homoleptic COT-based heterotrimetallic self-assemblies bearing the formula [LnKCa(COT)3(THF)3] (Ln(iii) = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) is reported followed by their X-ray crystallographic and magnetic characterization. All crystals conform to the monoclinic P21/c space group with a slight compression of the unit cell from 3396.4(2) Å3 to 3373.2(4) Å3 along the series. All complexes exhibit a triple-decker structure having the Ln(iii) and K(i) ions sandwiched by three COT2- ligands with an end-bound {Ca2+(THF)3} moiety to form a non-linear (153.5°) arrangement of three different metals. The COT2- ligands act in a η8-mode with respect to all metal centers. A detailed structural comparison of this unique set of heterotrimetallic complexes has revealed consistent trends along the series. From Gd to Yb, the Ln to ring-centroid distance decreases from 1.961(3) Å to 1.827(2) Å. In contrast, the separation of K(i) and Ca(ii) ions from the COT-centroid (2.443(3) and 1.914(3) Å, respectively) is not affected by the change of Ln(iii) ions. The magnetic property investigation of the [LnKCa(COT)3(THF)3] series (Ln(iii) = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) reveals that the Dy, Er, and Tm complexes display slow relaxation of their magnetization, in other words, single-molecule magnet (SMM) properties. This behaviour is dominated by thermally activated (Orbach-like) and quantum tunneling processes for [DyKCa(COT)3(THF)3] in contrast to [ErKCa(COT)3(THF)3], in which the thermally activated and Raman processes appear to be relevant. Details of the electronic structures and magnetic properties of these complexes are further clarified with the help of DFT and ab initio theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - James McNeely
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Joshua Greenough
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Haixiang Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Mathieu Rouzières
- Univ. of Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031 F-33600 Pessac France
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. of Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031 F-33600 Pessac France
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
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6
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Pugliese ER, Benner F, Castellanos E, Delano F, Demir S. Heteroleptic Rare-Earth Tris(metallocenes) Containing a Dibenzocyclooctatetraene Dianion. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2444-2454. [PMID: 35042339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isolable heteroleptic tris(metallocenes) containing five-membered and larger rings remain extremely scarce. The utilization of tripositive rare-earth-metal ions with ionic radii >1 Å allowed access to unprecedented and sterically congested dibenzocyclooctatetraenyl (dbCOT) metallocenes, [K(crypt-222)][Cptet2RE(η2-dbCOT)] (RE = Y (1), Dy (2); Cptet = tetramethylcyclopentadienyl), through a salt metathesis reaction involving Cptet2RE(BPh4) and the potassium salt of the dbCOT dianion. The solid-state structures were investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetometry, and IR spectroscopy and provided evidence for the first crystallographically characterized (dbCOT)2- anion in a complex containing d- or f-block metals. Remarkably, the (Cptet)- ligands force a distortion from planarity within the (dbCOT)2- moiety, engendering a rare η2-bonding motif, as opposed to the classical η8 conformation observed in complexes bearing a (COT)2- ion. The η2 coordination mode was proven crystallographically between 100 and 298 K and computationally (DFT and NBO). Furthermore, nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) calculations uncovered significant ring current within the dbCOT ligand. The solution-state properties of 1 and 2 were analyzed via cyclic voltammetry, NMR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammograms of 1 and 2 exhibit a quasi-reversible feature indicating the accessibility of complexes with dbCOT in two oxidation states (dbCOT2-/3-•). Importantly, the dysprosium congener, 2, is a zero-field single-molecule magnet (SMM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Pugliese
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Florian Benner
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Ernesto Castellanos
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Francis Delano
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Selvan Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
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7
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8
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Zhu Y, Zhou Z, Wei Z, Petrukhina MA. Two-Fold Reduction of Dibenzo[a,e]cyclooctatetraene with Group 1 Metals: From Lithium to Cesium. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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9
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Gompa TP, Ramanathan A, Rice NT, La Pierre HS. The chemical and physical properties of tetravalent lanthanides: Pr, Nd, Tb, and Dy. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15945-15987. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01400a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The thermochemistry, descriptive chemistry, spectroscopy, and physical properties of the tetravalent lanthanides (Pr, Nd, Tb and Dy) in extended phases, gas phase, solution, and as isolable molecular complexes are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaige P. Gompa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Arun Ramanathan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Natalie T. Rice
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Henry S. La Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program
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10
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Huang Z, Tan G, Chen C, Zhang WX, Wang X, Xi Z. Selective reduction of 1,5-diazacyclooctatetraenes: synthesis and structures of aromatic diazacyclooctatetraenyl dianions and a 2,6-bipyrrolinyl dianionic Co( ii) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2648-2651. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The first structurally well-defined aromatic 1,5-diazacyclooctatetraenyl dianion and a 2,6-bipyrrolinyl dianionic Co(ii) complex were obtained selectively via reduction of 1,5-diazacyclooctatetraenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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11
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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