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Shi C, Gomez-Mendoza M, Gómez de Oliveira E, García-Tecedor M, Barawi M, Esteban-Betegón F, Liras M, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Monge A, de la Peña O'Shea VA, Gándara F. An anthraquinone-based bismuth-iron metal-organic framework as an efficient photoanode in photoelectrochemical cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6860-6866. [PMID: 38725492 PMCID: PMC11077510 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00980k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are appealing candidate materials to design new photoelectrodes for use in solar energy conversion because of their modular nature and chemical versatility. However, to date there are few examples of MOFs that can be directly used as photoelectrodes, for which they must be able to afford charge separation upon light absorption, and promote the catalytic dissociation of water molecules, while maintaining structural integrity. Here, we have explored the use of the organic linker anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (2, 6-AQDS) for the preparation of MOFs to be used as photoanodes. Thus, the reaction of 2, 6-AQDS with Bi(iii) or a combination of Bi(iii) and Fe(iii) resulted in two new MOFs, BiPF-10 and BiFePF-15, respectively. They display similar structural features, where the metal elements are disposed in inorganic-layer building units, which are pillared by the organic linkers by coordination bonds through the sulfonic acid groups. We show that the introduction of iron in the structure plays a crucial role for the practical use of the MOFs as a robust photoelectrode in a photoelectrochemical cell, producing as much as 1.23 mmol H2 cm-2 with the use of BiFePF-15 as photoanode. By means of time-resolved and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies we have been able to unravel the charge transfer mechanism, which involves the formation of a radical intermediate species, exhibiting a longer-lived lifetime by the presence of the iron-oxo clusters in BiFePF-15 to reduce the charge transfer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Shi
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel Gomez-Mendoza
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Eloy Gómez de Oliveira
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel García-Tecedor
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Mariam Barawi
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima Esteban-Betegón
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Liras
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Gutiérrez-Puebla
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Angeles Monge
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Víctor A de la Peña O'Shea
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
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2
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Bhatia H, Guo J, Savory CN, Rush M, James DI, Dey A, Chen C, Bučar DK, Clarke TM, Scanlon DO, Palgrave RG, Schroeder BC. Exploring Bismuth Coordination Complexes as Visible-Light Absorbers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:416-430. [PMID: 38101319 PMCID: PMC10777407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth-based coordination complexes are advantageous over other metal complexes, as bismuth is the heaviest nontoxic element with high spin-orbit coupling and potential optoelectronics applications. Herein, four bismuth halide-based coordination complexes [Bi2Cl6(phen-thio)2] (1), [Bi2Br6(phen-thio)2] (2), [Bi2I6(phen-thio)2] (3), and [Bi2I6(phen-Me)2] (4) were synthesized, characterized, and subjected to detailed photophysical studies. The complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, and NMR studies. Spectroscopic analyses of 1-4 in solutions of different polarities were performed to understand the role of the organic and inorganic components in determining the ground- and excited-state properties of the complexes. The photophysical properties of the complexes were characterized by ground-state absorption, steady-state photoluminescence, microsecond time-resolved photoluminescence, and absorption spectroscopy. Periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the solid-state structures to understand the role of the organic and inorganic parts of the complexes. The studies showed that changing the ancillary ligand from chlorine (Cl) and bromine (Br) to iodine (I) bathochromically shifts the absorption band along with enhancing the absorption coefficient. Also, changing the halides (Cl, Br to I) affects the photoluminescent quantum yields of the ligand-centered (LC) emissive state without markedly affecting the lifetimes. The combined results confirmed that ground-state properties are strongly influenced by the inorganic part, and the lower-energy excited state is LC. This study paves the way to design novel bismuth coordination complexes for optoelectronic applications by rigorously choosing the ligands and bismuth salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Bhatia
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Junjun Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher N. Savory
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Thomas
Young Centre, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Rush
- Polysolar
Ltd, High Cross, Aurora Cambridge at BAS, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, United
Kingdom
| | - David Ian James
- Johnson
Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Avishek Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dejan-Krešimir Bučar
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Tracey M. Clarke
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - David O. Scanlon
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Thomas
Young Centre, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11
0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G. Palgrave
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bob C. Schroeder
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Marwitz A, Dutta AK, McDonald MA, Knope KE. Efficient Europium Sensitization via Low-Level Doping in a 2-D Bismuth-Organic Coordination Polymer. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:3330-3337. [PMID: 38510753 PMCID: PMC10950293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
A new bismuth-organic compound containing 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDC) was synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure consists of 2-D {Bi(phen)(HPDC)(PDC)}n sheets wherein the PDC ligands bridge metal centers via three unique bonding modes. The 2-D sheets are further connected through strong hydrogen-bonding interactions to form a 3-D supramolecular network. The parent compound displayed yellow photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. Doping studies were undertaken to incorporate Eu3+ into the structure, statistically replacing Bi3+ in small quantities (1, 5, and 10 mol % Eu3+ relative to Bi3+). All three compounds displayed characteristic Eu3+ emission, with total quantum yields as high as 16.0% and sensitization efficiencies between 0.21 and 0.37 depending on the Eu3+ doping percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
C. Marwitz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Anuj K. Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Morgan A. McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Karah E. Knope
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
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4
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Two Bi-MOFs with pyridylmulticarboxylate ligands showing distinct crystal structures and phosphorescence properties. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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5
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Ng SW. Ψ-Polyhedral symbols for bismuth(III) with an active electron lone pair. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2021; 77:740-744. [PMID: 34864715 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229621011888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seik Weng Ng
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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6
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Ayscue RL, Vallet V, Bertke JA, Réal F, Knope KE. Structure-Property Relationships in Photoluminescent Bismuth Halide Organic Hybrid Materials. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9727-9744. [PMID: 34128679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Seven novel bismuth(III)-halide phases, Bi2Cl6(terpy)2·0.5(H2O) (1), Bi2Cl4(terpy)2(k2-TC)2(2) (TC = 2-thiophene monocarboxylate), BiCl(terpy)(k2-TC)2 (3A-Cl), BiBr(terpy)(k2-TC)2 (3A-Br), BiCl(terpy)(k2-TC)2 (3B-Cl), [BiCl(terpy)(k2-TC)2][Bi(terpy)(k2-TC)3]·0.55(TCA) (4), [BiBr3(terpy)(MeOH)] (5), and [BiBr2(terpy)(k2-TC)][BiBr1.16(terpy)(k2-TC)1.84] (6), were prepared under mild synthetic conditions from methanolic/aqueous solutions containing BiX3 (X = Cl, Br) and 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (terpy) and/or 2-thiophene monocarboxylic acid (TCA). A heterometallic series, 3A-Bi1-xEuxCl, with the general formula Bi1-xEuxCl(terpy)(k2-TC)2 (x = 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05) was also prepared through trace Eu doping of the 3A-Cl phase. The structures were determined through single-crystal X-ray diffraction and are built from a range of molecular units including monomeric and dimeric complexes. The solid-state photoluminescent properties of the compounds were examined through steady-state and time-resolved methods. While the homometallic phases exhibited broad green to yellow emission, the heterometallic phases displayed yellow, orange, and red emission that can be attributed to the simultaneous ligand/Bi-halide and Eu centered emissions. Photoluminescent color tuning was achieved by controlling the relative intensities of these concurrent emissions through compositional modifications including the Eu doping percentage. Notably, all emissive homo- and heterometallic phases exhibited rare visible excitation pathways that based on theoretical quantum mechanical calculations are attributed to halide-metal to ligand charge transfer (XMLCT). Through a combined experimental and computational approach, fundamental insight into the structure-property relationships within these Bi halide organic hybrid materials is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lee Ayscue
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Valérie Vallet
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jeffery A Bertke
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Florent Réal
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Karah E Knope
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
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7
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Al-Nubi MAA, Hamisu AM, Ariffin A, Zhang J, Shimizu GKH, Jo H, Ok KM, Wibowo AC. A new bismuth coordination polymer with proton conductivity and orange-red photoluminescence. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.1921167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aliyu M. Hamisu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Hongil Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Arief C. Wibowo
- Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract
The synthesis methods, structures and applications of Bi(iii)-based MOFs in catalysis, adsorption, fluorescence, etc. are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xu Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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9
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Senior L, Linden A. Coordination polymers incorporating Bi(III) and 2,4,6-pyridine tricarboxylic acid and its derivatives: Synthesis, structure and topology. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Qi HX, Jo H, Chen X, Hong J, Ok KM. Second-Harmonic Generation and Photoluminescence Properties of Sn(II)- and Bi(III)-Based Lone Pair Cation–Pyridine Dicarboxylate Coordination Compounds. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11554-11561. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xin Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongil Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinglong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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11
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Sorg JR, Schneider T, Wohlfarth L, Schäfer TC, Sedykh A, Müller-Buschbaum K. Sb- and Bi-based coordination polymers with N-donor ligands with and without lone-pair effects and their photoluminescence properties. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4904-4913. [PMID: 32232237 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00265h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen new sublimable Sb- and Bi-based chlorido, bromido and iodido coordination polymers (CPs) with linear bispyridyl ligands are presented in this work and compared in terms of their crystal structures and photoluminescence properties. The Sb-CPs occur in two structural motifs: 1∞[Sb2X6(L)2] (X: Cl (a), Br (b), I (c); L: 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) (1), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpa) (2), 4,4'-bipyridine (bipy) (X: Br, I; 3)) with two polymorphs showing negligible stereochemical demand of the lone-pair and 1∞[SbCl3(bipy)] (3a) featuring a stereochemically active lone pair with significant 5p-contribution at SbIII. This is accompanied by differences in the coordination polyhedra being octahedral for high s-character, whereas a high p-character of the lone pair results in a square pyramid as the coordination sphere. The Bi-CPs are represented by the general formula 1∞[Bi2X6(L)2] (X: Cl (a), Br (b), I (c); L: 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) (4), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpa) (5)) and thus show no significant 6p-character of the lone pairs. For examining the parallels and differences between the SbIII- and BiIII-CPs, both are compared in terms of structures and luminescence properties, as well as with related literature known CPs. Altogether, this comparison of structures and properties allows for gaining new insights into the photoluminescence mechanisms of the Sb and Bi-containing CPs. For the first time, distinct hints on the participation of inter-valence charge transfer transitions in E3+-pairs (E: Sb, Bi) were observed for the Sb- and Bi-containing coordination polymers constructed from N-donor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens R Sorg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Schneider
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Luise Wohlfarth
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas C Schäfer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Alexander Sedykh
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Klaus Müller-Buschbaum
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany and Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany. and Center for Materials Research (LAMA), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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