Meijer MS, Bonnet S. Diastereoselective Synthesis and Two-Step Photocleavage of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complexes Bearing a Bis(thioether) Ligand.
Inorg Chem 2019;
58:11689-11698. [PMID:
31433170 PMCID:
PMC6724527 DOI:
10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01669]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
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Thioethers are good
ligands for photoactivatable ruthenium(II)
polypyridyl complexes, as they form thermally stable complexes that
are prone to ligand photosubstitution. Here, we introduce a novel
symmetric chelating bis(thioether) ligand scaffold, based on 1,3-bis(methylthio)-2-propanol
(4) and report the synthesis and stereochemical characterization
of the series of novel ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(bpy)2(L)](PF6)2 ([1]–[3](PF6)2), where L is ligand 4, its methyl ether, 1,3-bis(methylthio)-2-methoxypropane (5), or its carboxymethyl ether, 1,3-bis(methylthio)-2-(carboxymethoxy)propane
(6). Coordination of ligands 4–6 to the bis(bipyridine)ruthenium center gives rise to 16
possible isomers, consisting of 8 possible Λ diastereoisomers
and their Δ enantiomers. We found that the synthesis of [1]–[3](PF6)2 is
diastereoselective, yielding a racemic mixture of the Λ-(S)-eq-(S)-ax-OHeq-[Ru]2+ and Δ-(R)-ax-(R)-eq-OHeq-[Ru]2+ isomers. Upon
irradiation with blue light in water, [1]–[3](PF6)2 selectively substitute their
bis(thioether) ligands for water molecules in a two-step photoreaction,
ultimately producing [Ru(bpy)2(H2O)2]2+ as the photoproduct. The relatively stable photochemical
intermediate was identified as cis-[Ru(bpy)2(κ1-L)(H2O)]2+ by mass spectrometry.
Global fitting of the time evolution of the UV–vis absorption
spectra of [1]–[3](PF6)2 was employed to derive the photosubstitution quantum
yields (Φ443) for each of the two photochemical reaction
steps separately, revealing very high quantum yields of 0.16–0.25
for the first step and lower values (0.0055–0.0093) for the
second step of the photoreaction. The selective and efficient photochemical
reaction makes the photocleavable bis(thioether) ligand scaffold reported
here a promising candidate for use in e.g. ruthenium-based photo-activated
chemotherapy.
Thioethers are excellent photocleavable ligands for ruthenium(II)
polypyridyl complexes but may lead to the formation of several stereoisomers
when they are present in bidentate ligands. Here, a chelating bis(thioether)
ligand was found to coordinate to Ru(II) diastereoselectively, in
spite of the four chiral centers of the resulting complex. Photosubstitution
of this bis(thioether) ligand in water occurs via a selective, two-step
process that involves a relatively stable mono(aqua) intermediate.
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