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Siebe L, Butenuth C, Stammler A, Bögge H, Walleck S, Glaser T. Generation and Reactivity of μ-1,2-Peroxo Cu IICu II and Bis-μ-oxo Cu IIICu III Species and Catalytic Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol with Hydrogen Peroxide. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2627-2639. [PMID: 38243916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Tetradentate-N4 ligands stabilize dinuclear {CuII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CuII} and {CuIII(μ-O)2CuIII} species, and CuII complexes of these ligands were reported to catalyze the oxidation of benzene with H2O2. Here, we report {CuII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CuII} and {CuIII(μ-O)2CuIII} intermediates of dinucleating bis(tetradentate-N4) ligands depending on the absence or presence of 6-methyl substituents on the terminal pyridine donors, respectively, generated either from {CuICuI} precursors with O2 or from {CuIICuII} precursors with H2O2 and NEt3. Both intermediates are not stable even at low temperatures, but they show no electrophilic HAT reactivity with DHA. Catalytic investigations on the hydroxylation of benzene with excess H2O2 between 30 and 50 °C indicate that both radical-based and {Cu2On}-based mechanisms depend strongly on the catalytic conditions. In the presence of a radical scavenger, TONs of ∼920/∼720 have been achieved without/with the 6-methyl group of the ligand. Although {CuII(μ-OH)CuII} reacts with excess H2O2 at -40 °C to {CuII(OOH)}2 species, these are only stable for seconds at 20 °C and cannot account for catalytic oxidations over a period of 24 h at 30-50 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Siebe
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christoph Butenuth
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anja Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Finke S, Stammler A, Oldengott J, Walleck S, Glaser T. Direct and remote control of electronic structures and redox potentials in μ-oxo diferric complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17548-17561. [PMID: 37962521 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02734a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-heme diiron enzymes activate O2 for the oxidation of substrates in the form of peroxo FeIII2 or high-valent FeIV2 intermediates. We have developed a dinucleating bis(tetradentate) ligand system that stabilizes peroxo and hydroperoxo FeIII2 complexes with terminal 6-methylpyridine donors, while the peroxo FeIII2 intermediate is reactive with terminal pyridine donors presumably via conversion to a fluent high-valent FeIV2 intermediate. We present here a derivative with electron-donating methoxy substituents at the pyridine donors and its diferric complexes with an {FeIIIX(μ-O)FeIIIX} (X- = Cl-, OAc-, and OH-) or an {FeIII(μ-O)(μ-OAc)FeIII} core. The complex-induced oxidation of EtOH with H2O2 provides μ-OAc-, and in acetone, the complex with mixed OH-/OAc- exogenous donors is obtained. Both reactivities indicate a reactive fluent peroxo FeIII2 intermediate. The coupling constant J and the LMCT transitions are insensitive to the nature of the directly bound ligands X- and reflect mainly the electronic structure of the central {FeIII(μ-O)FeIII} core, while Mössbauer spectroscopy and d-d transitions probe the local FeIII sites. The remote methoxy substituents decrease the potential for the oxidation to FeIV by ∼100 mV, while directly bound OH- in {FeIII(OH)(μ-O)FeIII(OH)} with a short 1.91 Å FeIII-OOH bond decreases the potential by 590 mV compared to {FeIII(OAc)(μ-O)FeIII(OAc)} with a 2.01 Å FeIII-OOAc bond. Interestingly, this FeIII-OH bond is even shorter (1.87 Å) in the mixed OH-/OAc- complex but the potential is the mean value of the potentials of the OH-/OH- and OAc-/OAc- complexes, thus reflecting the electron density of the central {FeIII(μ-O)FeIII} core and not of the local FeIII-OH unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Finke
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Anja Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Jan Oldengott
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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3
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Depenbrock F, Limpke T, Bill E, SantaLucia DJ, van Gastel M, Walleck S, Oldengott J, Stammler A, Bögge H, Glaser T. Reactivities and Electronic Structures of μ-1,2-Peroxo and μ-1,2-Superoxo Co IIICo III Complexes: Electrophilic Reactivity and O 2 Release Induced by Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17913-17930. [PMID: 37838986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Peroxo complexes are key intermediates in water oxidation catalysis (WOC). Cobalt plays an important role in WOC, either as oxides CoOx or as {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CoIII} complexes, which are the oldest peroxo complexes known. The oxidation of {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CoIII} complexes had usually been described to form {CoIII(μ-1,2-superoxo)CoIII} complexes; however, recently the formation of {CoIV(μ-1,2-peroxo)CoIII} species were suggested. Using a bis(tetradentate) dinucleating ligand, we present here the synthesis and characterization of {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} and {CoIII(μ-OH)2CoIII} complexes. Oxidation of {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} at -40 °C in CH3CN provides the stable {CoIII(μ-1,2-superoxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} species and activates electrophilic reactivity. Moreover, {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} catalyzes water oxidation, not molecularly but rather via CoOx films. While {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} can be reversibly deprotonated with DBU at -40 °C in CH3CN, {CoIII(μ-1,2-superoxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} undergoes irreversible conversions upon reaction with bases to a new intermediate that is also the decay product of {CoIII(μ-1,2-superoxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} in aqueous solution at pH > 2. Based on a combination of experimental methods, the new intermediate is proposed to have a {CoII(μ-OH)CoIII} core formed by the release of O2 from {CoIII(μ-1,2-superoxo)(μ-OH)CoIII} confirmed by a 100% yield of O2 upon photocatalytic oxidation of {CoIII(μ-1,2-peroxo)(μ-OH)CoIII}. This release of O2 by oxidation of a peroxo intermediate corresponds to the last step in molecular WOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Depenbrock
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Thomas Limpke
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470, Germany
| | - Daniel J SantaLucia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470, Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470, Germany
| | - Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Jan Oldengott
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Anja Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
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4
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Röhs FLB, Dammers S, Stammler A, Oldengott J, Bögge H, Bill E, Glaser T. Dinuclear Diferrous Complexes of a Bis(tetradentate) Dinucleating Ligand: Influence of the Exogenous Ligands on the Molecular and Electronic Structures. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Dammers
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie GERMANY
| | - Anja Stammler
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie GERMANY
| | - Jan Oldengott
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie GERMANY
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie GERMANY
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Mulheimer Max-Planck-Institute: Max-Planck-Institut fur chemische Energiekonversion Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion GERMANY
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Department of Chemistry Universitätsstr. 24 33615 Bielefeld GERMANY
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5
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Walleck S, Zimmermann TP, Hachmeister H, Pilger C, Huser T, Katz S, Hildebrandt P, Stammler A, Bögge H, Bill E, Glaser T. Generation of a μ-1,2-hydroperoxo Fe IIIFe III and a μ-1,2-peroxo Fe IVFe III Complex. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1376. [PMID: 35296656 PMCID: PMC8927127 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
μ-1,2-Peroxo-diferric intermediates (P) of non-heme diiron enzymes are proposed to convert upon protonation either to high-valent active species or to activated P′ intermediates via hydroperoxo-diferric intermediates. Protonation of synthetic μ-1,2-peroxo model complexes occurred at the μ-oxo and not at the μ-1,2-peroxo bridge. Here we report a stable μ-1,2-peroxo complex {FeIII(μ-O)(μ-1,2-O2)FeIII} using a dinucleating ligand and study its reactivity. The reversible oxidation and protonation of the μ-1,2-peroxo-diferric complex provide μ-1,2-peroxo FeIVFeIII and μ-1,2-hydroperoxo-diferric species, respectively. Neither the oxidation nor the protonation induces a strong electrophilic reactivity. Hence, the observed intramolecular C-H hydroxylation of preorganized methyl groups of the parent μ-1,2-peroxo-diferric complex should occur via conversion to a more electrophilic high-valent species. The thorough characterization of these species provides structure-spectroscopy correlations allowing insights into the formation and reactivities of hydroperoxo intermediates in diiron enzymes and their conversion to activated P′ or high-valent intermediates. Iron coordination complexes can be used to gain insight on biologically relevant iron-oxygen compounds generated in iron metalloenzymes. Here, the authors characterise a μ-1,2-hydroperoxo FeIIIFeIII and a μ-1,2-peroxo FeIVFeIII, and study their reactivity in C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Philipp Zimmermann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Henning Hachmeister
- Biomolekulare Photonik, Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Pilger
- Biomolekulare Photonik, Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Huser
- Biomolekulare Photonik, Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sagie Katz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Hildebrandt
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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6
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Depenbrock F, Limpke T, Stammler A, Oldengott J, Bögge H, Glaser T. Molecular and Electronic Structures of a Series of Dinuclear CoII Complexes varied by Exogeneous Ligands: Influence of π‐Bonding on Redox Potentials. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Depenbrock
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Chemistry Department GERMANY
| | - Thomas Limpke
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Chemistry Department GERMANY
| | - Anja Stammler
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Chemistry Department GERMANY
| | - Jan Oldengott
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Chemistry Department GERMANY
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Chemistry department GERMANY
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Department of Chemistry Universitätsstr. 24 33615 Bielefeld GERMANY
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7
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Capel Berdiell I, Kulmaczewski R, Warriner SL, Cespedes O, Halcrow MA. Iron and Silver Complexes of 4‐(Imidazol‐1‐yl)‐2,6‐di(pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐pyridine (
L
), Including a [Fe
3
(µ‐F)
2
F
6
L
8
]
+
Assembly. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds EC Stoner Building LS2 9JT Leeds UK
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8
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Oldengott JC, Schnack J, Glaser T. Optimization of Single‐Molecule Magnets by Suppression of Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Christian Oldengott
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Jürgen Schnack
- Fakultät für Physik Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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9
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Goralski ST, Manes TA, Lumsden SEA, Lynch VM, Rose MJ. Divergent Solution and Solid-State Structures of Mono- and Dinuclear Nickel(II) Pyridone Complexes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean T. Goralski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Taylor A. Manes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Simone E. A. Lumsden
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael J. Rose
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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10
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Walleck S, Glaser T. A Dinucleating Ligand System with Varying Terminal Donors to Mimic Diiron Active Sites. Isr J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany
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11
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Will J, Schneider L, Becker J, Becker S, Miska A, Gawlig C, Schindler S. Synthesis and Reactivity of Iron(II) Complexes with a New Tripodal Imine Ligand. Isr J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Will
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University of Gießen Heinrich-Buff Ring 17 D-35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Lars Schneider
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University of Gießen Heinrich-Buff Ring 17 D-35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University of Gießen Heinrich-Buff Ring 17 D-35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Sabine Becker
- Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Fachbereich Chemie Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße Gebäude 54/684 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Andreas Miska
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University of Gießen Heinrich-Buff Ring 17 D-35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Christopher Gawlig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University of Gießen Heinrich-Buff Ring 17 D-35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University of Gießen Heinrich-Buff Ring 17 D-35392 Gießen Germany
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