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Ye Q, Meng X, Pang L. D 2O assisted FTIR spectroscopic analysis of moisture in edible oil. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100679. [PMID: 37179978 PMCID: PMC10172893 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
D2O-assisted moisture analysis of edible oils was investigated. The acetonitrile extract of the oil samples was split into two parts. The spectrum of one part was taken as is, another was recorded after addition of excess D2O. Changes in spectral absorption of the H-O-H bending band (1600-1660 cm-1) was used to calculate moisture in oil samples. To effectively depleting absorption of water in the acetonitrile extract, a 30-fold excess of D2O is required. The typical OH-containing constituents in oil did not show significant interference on the H/D exchange. Validation experiments by using five oils with five levels of moisture spiked (50-1000 μg/g) suggested that the prediction tracked the spiked amounts well. The results of variance analysis indicate that there is no difference in terms of analytical methods and oil types used (p < 0.001). The D2O method developed is generally applicable to the accurate analysis of moisture at trace levels (<100 μg/g) in edible oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ye
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313200, China
- Corresponding author at: College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 999, Changhong East Street, Deqing County, Deqing 313200, China.
| | - Linjiang Pang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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2
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Rodrigues N, Peres F, Casal S, Santamaria-Echart A, Barreiro F, Peres AM, Alberto Pereira J. Geographical discrimination of olive oils from Cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’. Food Chem 2023; 398:133945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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3
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Argun MŞ. Functional Properties of Extracts from Wheat (
Triticum aestivum
L.) Coarse Bran and Shorts (Razmol) Obtained under Different Supercritical
CO
2
Extraction Conditions. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Şamil Argun
- Selçuk University Akşehir Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Food Engineering Department Akşehir Konya Türkiye
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4
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Lamas S, Rodrigues N, Fernandes IP, Barreiro MF, Pereira JA, Peres AM. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-chemometric approach as a non-destructive olive cultivar tool for discriminating Portuguese monovarietal olive oils. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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ATR-FTIR-MIR Spectrometry and Pattern Recognition of Bioactive Volatiles in Oily versus Microencapsulated Food Supplements: Authenticity, Quality, and Stability. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164837. [PMID: 34443424 PMCID: PMC8401874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on the middle infrared region (ATR-FTIR-MIR) proved to be a convenient and reliable technique to evaluate foods' quality and authenticity. Plants' essential oils are bioactive mixtures used as such or in different oily or microencapsulated formulations, beneficial to human health. Six essential oils (thyme, oregano, juniperus, tea tree, clove, and cinnamon) were introduced in three oily formulations (Biomicin, Biomicin Forte, and Biomicin urinary) and these formulations were microencapsulated on fructose and maltodextrin matrices. To study their stability, the microencapsulated powders were kept under light irradiation for 14 days at 25 °C or introduced in biopolymer capsules. All variants were analysed by ATR-FTIR-MIR, recording wavenumbers and peak intensities (3600-650 cm-1). The data were processed by Unscrambler and Metaboanalyst software, with specific algorithms (PCA, PLSDA, heatmaps, and random forest analysis). The results demonstrated that ATR-FTIR-MIR can be successfully applied for fingerprinting and finding essential oil biomarkers as well as to recognize this pattern in final microencapsulated food supplements. This study offers an improved ATR-FTIR-MIR procedure coupled with an adequate chemometric analysis and accurate data interpretation, to be applied for the evaluation of authenticity, quality, traceability, and stability during storage of essential oils incorporated in different matrices.
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6
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Azizian H, Dugan MER, Kramer JKG. Clarifications of the Carbonyl and Water Absorptions in Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectra from Extra Virgin Olive Oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael E. R. Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Lacombe Alberta T4L 1W1 Canada
| | - John K. G. Kramer
- Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Guelph Ontario N1G 5C9 Canada
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7
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Analytical Methods Used in Determining Antioxidant Activity: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073380. [PMID: 33806141 PMCID: PMC8037236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of antioxidants and their implications in various fields, from food engineering to medicine and pharmacy, is of major interest to the scientific community. The present paper is a critical presentation of the most important tests used to determine the antioxidant activity, detection mechanism, applicability, advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Out of the tests based on the transfer of a hydrogen atom, the following were presented: the Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity (ORAC) test, the Hydroxyl Radical Antioxidant Capacity (HORAC) test, the Total Peroxyl Radical Trapping Antioxidant Parameter (TRAP) test, and the Total Oxyradical Scavenging Capacity (TOSC) test. The tests based on the transfer of one electron include the Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Power (CUPRAC) test, the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) test, the Folin-Ciocalteu test. Mixed tests, including the transfer of both a hydrogen atom and an electron, include the 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) test, and the [2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl] (DPPH) test. All these assays are based on chemical reactions and assessing the kinetics or reaching the equilibrium state relies on spectrophotometry, presupposing the occurrence of characteristic colours or the discolouration of the solutions to be analysed, which are processes monitored by specific wavelength adsorption. These assays were successfully applied in antioxidant analysis or the determination of the antioxidant capacity of complex samples. As a complementary method in such studies, one may use methods based on electrochemical (bio)sensors, requiring stages of calibration and validation. The use of chemical methods together with electrochemical methods may result in clarification of the operating mechanisms and kinetics of the processes involving several antioxidants.
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8
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Zaroual H, Chénè C, El Hadrami EM, Karoui R. Application of new emerging techniques in combination with classical methods for the determination of the quality and authenticity of olive oil: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4526-4549. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1876624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Zaroual
- Université d'Artois, UMRT 1158 BioEcoAgro, ICV-Institut Charles VIOLLETTE, Lens, France
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Applied Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - El Mestafa El Hadrami
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Applied Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Fez, Morocco
| | - Romdhane Karoui
- Université d'Artois, UMRT 1158 BioEcoAgro, ICV-Institut Charles VIOLLETTE, Lens, France
- INRA, USC 1281,Lille, France
- Yncréa, Lille, France
- University of the Littoral Opal Coast (ULCO), Boulogne sur Mer, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
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9
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Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) Coupled with Chemometrics, to Control the Botanical Authenticity and Quality of Cold-Pressed Functional Oils Commercialized in Romania. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared ppectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) proved to be a reliable, rapid, and easy-to-use technique to evaluate vegetable oils quality and authenticity. The spectral range of the middle infrared region (MIR) of FTIR spectra, from 4000 to 600 cm−1, has been commonly used to fingerprint specific functional groups of lipids and their modified forms induced by oxidation of thermal treatment. The applicability of FTIR-MIR spectroscopy in assessing oil fingerprinting and quality parameters is crucially dependent on the chemometric methods, including calibrations with authentic samples. We report here the evaluation of seven types of cold-pressed functional oils (sunflower, pumpkin, hempseed, soybean, walnut, linseed, sea buckthorn) produced in Romania, provided directly from small enterprises (as genuine, process-controlled authentic samples) comparative to commercialized samples. Concomitantly, olive oils of similar claimed quality were investigated. The ATR-FTIR-MIR data were complemented by UV–Vis spectral fingerprints and multivariate analysis using Unscrambler X.10.4 and Metaboanalyst 4.0 software (e.g., PCA, PLSDA, cluster analysis, heatmap, Random forest analysis) and ANOVA post-hoc analysis using Fischer’s least significant difference. The integration of spectral and chemometric analysis proved to offer valuable criteria for their botanical group recognition, individual authenticity, and quality, easy to be applied for large cohorts of commercialized oils.
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10
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Kim S, Swanson JMJ. The Surface and Hydration Properties of Lipid Droplets. Biophys J 2020; 119:1958-1969. [PMID: 33120015 PMCID: PMC7732727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are energy storage organelles composed of neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerol (TG) and sterol esters, surrounded by a phospholipid (PL) monolayer. Their central role in metabolism, complex life cycle, and unique lipid monolayer surface have garnered great attention over the last decade. In this article, results from the largest and longest all-atom simulations to date suggest that 5-8% of the LD surface is occupied by TG molecules, a number that exceeds the maximal solubility reported for TGs in PL bilayers (2.8%). Two distinct classes of TG molecules that interact with the LD monolayer are found. Those at the monolayer surface (SURF-TG) are ordered like PLs with the glycerol moiety exposed to water, creating a significant amount of chemically unique packing defects, and the acyl chains extended toward the LD center. In contrast, the TGs that intercalate just into the PL tail region (CORE-TG) are disordered and increase the amount of PL packing defects and the PL tail order. The degree of interdigitation caused by CORE-TG is stable and determines the width of the TG-PL overlap, whereas that caused by SURF-TG fluctuates and is highly correlated with the area per PL or the expansion of the monolayer. Thus, when the supply of PLs is limited, SURF-TG may reduce surface tension by behaving as a secondary membrane component. The hydration properties of the simulated LD systems demonstrate ∼10 times more water in the LD core than previously reported. Collectively, the reported surface and hydration properties are expected to play a direct role in the mechanisms by which proteins target and interact with LDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyoung Kim
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
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11
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Di Pietro N, Baldassarre MPA, Cichelli A, Pandolfi A, Formoso G, Pipino C. Role of Polyphenols and Carotenoids in Endothelial Dysfunction: An Overview from Classic to Innovative Biomarkers. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6381380. [PMID: 33133348 PMCID: PMC7593735 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6381380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the dramatically increased prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus and their related complications, including endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease, represents one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Dietary nutrients together with healthy lifestyles have a crucial role in the endothelium health-promoting effects. From a growing body of evidence, active natural compounds from food, including polyphenols and carotenoids, have attracted particular attention as a complementary therapy on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, as well as preventive approaches through the attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress. They mainly act as radical scavengers by promoting a variety of biological mechanisms, such as improvements in endothelial function, blood pressure, platelet activity, and insulin sensitivity, and by modulating various known biomarkers. The present review highlights the role of polyphenols and carotenoids in early endothelial dysfunction with attention to their beneficial effect in modulating both classical and recent technologically generated emerging biomarkers. These, alone or in combination, can play an important role in the prediction, diagnosis, and evolution of cardiovascular disease. However, a main challenge is to speed up early and prompt new interventions in order to prevent or slow down disease progression, even with an adequate intake of bioactive compounds. Hence, there is an urgent need of new more validated, appropriate, and reliable diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers useful to diagnose endothelial dysfunction at an earlier stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Pompea Antonia Baldassarre
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelo Cichelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gloria Formoso
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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12
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An Italian Innovative Small-Scale Approach to Promote the Conscious Consumption of Healthy Food. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10165678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An unhealthy diet is considered to be one of the main causes for increases in obesity and chronic diseases. Food choices are frequently influenced by food systems and environments along with the availability and affordability of healthy and sustainable food. In this context, a major contemporary challenge lies in improving these aspects in order to support healthy dietary choices. Hence, to address this issue, here, we propose a small-scale approach called SANI (Italian for “healthy”) which involves experts in science and marketing. Two typical agri-foods of the Abruzzo area (center of Italy), tomato sauce and extra virgin olive oil, are characterized as high-quality products in terms of their nutrient content, absence of chemical contaminants (chromatographic, spectrophotometric, and magnetic resonance techniques), and ecological footprint (lifecycle assessment and carbon footprint). Hence, their consumption is promoted, with strict attention being paid to several aspects of the food system, such as production, processing, distribution, labeling, and promotion, as well as marketing strategies and dissemination activities. Overall, these SANI actions, especially labeling and dissemination, have proven to be a valuable learning tool for consumers moving toward more conscious consumption, which can be extended and applied to additional food products. Future applications of similar research strategies in a wider context could positively affect human and environmental health.
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Johnson J, Mani J, Ashwath N, Naiker M. Potential for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy toward predicting antioxidant and phenolic contents in powdered plant matrices. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 233:118228. [PMID: 32155578 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mid-infrared spectroscopy is finding an increasing number of applications; however, many of its potential uses remain unexplored. In this study, mid-infrared spectroscopy is applied to predict total antioxidant capacity and phenolic contents of powdered matrices of 14 diverse plant species. In all instances, the optimum prediction models were found using standard normal variate smoothing as a pre-processing method. The results show high correlation between the FTIR predicted and chemically determined values, namely R2 values of 0.962 for total phenolics, 0.829 for cupric reducing antioxidant potential (CUPRAC) and 0.911 for ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). The relative RMSE found for validation indicated that total phenolic content could be predicted with higher accuracy than CUPRAC or FRAP. This pilot study highlights the promise of this technology for plant breeders and a range of industries where rapid screening of many samples for antioxidant and/or phenolic content is envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Johnson
- CQUniversity, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, North Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia.
| | - Janice Mani
- CQUniversity, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, North Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia
| | - Nanjappa Ashwath
- CQUniversity, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, North Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- CQUniversity, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, North Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia
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14
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Alfei S, Marengo B, Domenicotti C. Development of a Fast, Low‐Cost, Conservative and Ecological Method for Quantifying Gallic Acid in Polymeric Formulations by FTIR Spectroscopy in Solution. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4-I-Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR)University of Genoa Viale Cembrano, 4 - I 16148 Genova GE Italy
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine – DIMESUniversity of Genoa Via Alberti L.B. 2 I 16132 Genoa Italy
| | - Cinzia Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine – DIMESUniversity of Genoa Via Alberti L.B. 2 I 16132 Genoa Italy
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15
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Goh KM, Maulidiani M, Rudiyanto R, Wong YH, Ang MY, Yew WM, Abas F, Lai OM, Wang Y, Tan CP. Rapid assessment of total MCPD esters in palm-based cooking oil using ATR-FTIR application and chemometric analysis. Talanta 2019; 198:215-223. [PMID: 30876552 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The technique of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is widely used to generate spectral data for use in the detection of food contaminants. Monochloropropanediol (MCPD) is a refining process-induced contaminant that is found in palm-based fats and oils. In this study, a chemometric approach was used to evaluate the relationship between the FTIR spectra and the total MCPD content of a palm-based cooking oil. A total of 156 samples were used to develop partial least squares regression (PLSR), artificial neural network (nnet), average artificial neural network (avNNET), random forest (RF) and cubist models. In addition, a consensus approach was used to generate fusion result consisted from all the model mentioned above. All the models were evaluated based on validation performed using training and testing datasets. In addition, the box plot of coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), slopes and intercepts by 100 times randomization was also compared. Evaluation of performance based on the testing R2 and RMSE suggested that the cubist model predicted total MCPD content with the highest accuracy, followed by the RF, avNNET, nnet and PLSR models. The overfitting tendency was assessed based on differences in R2 and RMSE in the training and testing calibrations. The observations showed that the cubist and avNNET models possessed a certain degree of overfitting. However, the accuracy of these models in predicting the total MCPD content was high. Results of the consensus model showed that it slightly improved the accuracy of prediction as well as significantly reduced its uncertainty. The important variables derived from the cubist and RF models suggested that the wavenumbers corresponding to the MCPDs originated from the -CH=CH2 or CH=CH (990-900 cm-1) and C-Cl stretch (800-700 cm-1) regions of the FTIR spectrum data. In short, chemometrics in combination with FTIR analysis especially for the consensus model represent a potential and flexible technique for estimating the total MCPD content of refined vegetable oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Ming Goh
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M Maulidiani
- School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - R Rudiyanto
- School of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yu Hua Wong
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - May Yen Ang
- Shimadzu Malaysia Sdn Bhd, No.6 Lorong Teknologi 3/4 A, Nouvelle Industrial Park 2, Taman Sains Selangor 1, Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wooi Meng Yew
- Shimadzu Malaysia Sdn Bhd, No.6 Lorong Teknologi 3/4 A, Nouvelle Industrial Park 2, Taman Sains Selangor 1, Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Oi Ming Lai
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Guangdong Research Center of Lipid Science Applied Engineering Technology, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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16
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Squeo G, Caponio F, Paradiso VM, Summo C, Pasqualone A, Khmelinskii I, Sikorska E. Evaluation of total phenolic content in virgin olive oil using fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:2513-2520. [PMID: 30379336 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determination of the total phenolic content (TPC) in olive oils is of great interest, as phenolic compounds affect the health benefits, sensory attributes and oxidative stability of olive oils. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of direct front-face fluorescence measurements coupled with chemometrics for developing multivatiate models for discrimination between virgin olive oils with low and high TPC and determination of TPC concentration. RESULTS Parallel factor analysis and principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) of virgin olive oils revealed different fluorescent properties for samples with low and high TPC. A perfect discrimination of oils with low and high TPC was achieved using partial least squares (PLS) discriminant analysis. The best regression model for the prediction of TPC was based on the PLS analysis of the unfolded entire EEMs (R2 = 0.951, RPD = 4.0). CONCLUSIONS The results show the potential of fluorescence spectroscopy for direct screening of virgin olive oils for TPC. This may contribute to the development of fast screening methods for TPC assessment, providing an alternative to conventional assays. The procedure is environmentally friendly and fulfils the requirements for green analytical chemistry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Squeo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Food Science and Technology Unit, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Caponio
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Food Science and Technology Unit, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito M Paradiso
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Food Science and Technology Unit, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmine Summo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Food Science and Technology Unit, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Pasqualone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Food Science and Technology Unit, Bari, Italy
| | - Igor Khmelinskii
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Center of Electronics, Optoelectronics and Telecommunications, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade do Algarve, FCT, DQF and CIQA, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ewa Sikorska
- Department of Technology and Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Commodity Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poznań, Poland
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17
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Li Q, Chen J, Huyan Z, Kou Y, Xu L, Yu X, Gao JM. Application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the quality and safety analysis of fats and oils: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:3597-3611. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1500441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, P R China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, P R China
| | - Zongyao Huyan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, P R China
| | - Yuxing Kou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, P R China
| | - Lirong Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, P R China
| | - Xiuzhu Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, P R China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road Yangling, Shaanxi, P R China
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18
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Prediction of functional properties of registered chickpea samples using FT-IR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Pfister MKH, Horn B, Riedl J, Esslinger S, Fauhl-Hassek C. Vibrational spectroscopy in practice: Detection of mineral oil in sunflower oil with near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0960336018763196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy becomes increasingly important for detecting adulterations in food due to a minimal sample preparation and a fast nondestructive measurement. Sunflower oil is a popular food ingredient, which might be contaminated or even adulterated by compounds with health concerns such as mineral oil. In this context a feasibility study was performed to compare the suitability of near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy for detecting mineral oil in sunflower oil. For this purpose, sunflower oils spiked with mineral oil in the concentration range of 0.001–1.0% w/w were analyzed by Fourier transform near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy, respectively, and spectra data were preprocessed prior to partial least squares regression. Hereby, the data preparation was optimized for each technique to account for model performance influences. The model performance was fairly similar for both approaches with a slightly better precision and thus limit of detection (near infrared 0.12% w/w, mid infrared 0.16% w/w) for the near-infrared-based model compared to the mid-infrared model. Consequently, both techniques are considered suitable for the determination of mineral oil in sunflower oil in the context of food authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K-H Pfister
- Department of Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Horn
- Department of Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janet Riedl
- Department of Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Esslinger
- Department of Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Fauhl-Hassek
- Department of Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Cobaleda-Velasco M, Almaraz-Abarca N, Alanis-Bañuelos RE, Uribe-Soto JN, González-Valdez LS, Muñoz-Hernández G, Zaca-Morán O, Rojas-López M. Rapid Determination of Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Properties of Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem. and Physalis angulata L. by Infrared Spectroscopy and Partial Least Squares. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1331238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Orlando Zaca-Morán
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIBA-Tlaxcala, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Marlon Rojas-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIBA-Tlaxcala, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala, México
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21
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Mora-Ruiz ME, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Salvador MD, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J, Fregapane G. Assessment of polar phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil by NIR and mid-IR spectroscopy and their impact on quality. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Mora-Ruiz
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | | | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | - Giuseppe Fregapane
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Ciudad Real Spain
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22
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Beltrán Ortega J, Martínez Gila DM, Aguilera Puerto D, Gámez García J, Gómez Ortega J. Novel technologies for monitoring the in-line quality of virgin olive oil during manufacturing and storage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:4644-4662. [PMID: 27012363 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The quality of virgin olive oil is related to the agronomic conditions of the olive fruits and the process variables of the production process. Nowadays, food markets demand better products in terms of safety, health and organoleptic properties with competitive prices. Innovative techniques for process control, inspection and classification have been developed in order to to achieve these requirements. This paper presents a review of the most significant sensing technologies which are increasingly used in the olive oil industry to supervise and control the virgin olive oil production process. Throughout the present work, the main research studies in the literature that employ non-invasive technologies such as infrared spectroscopy, computer vision, machine olfaction technology, electronic tongues and dielectric spectroscopy are analysed and their main results and conclusions are presented. These technologies are used on olive fruit, olive slurry and olive oil to determine parameters such as acidity, peroxide indexes, ripening indexes, organoleptic properties and minor components, among others. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Beltrán Ortega
- Robotics, Automation and Computer Vision Group, Department of Electronic Engineering and Automation, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Diego M Martínez Gila
- Robotics, Automation and Computer Vision Group, Department of Electronic Engineering and Automation, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Daniel Aguilera Puerto
- ANDALTEC, Plastic Technological Center, Avd. Principal s/n. Ampliación Polígono Cañada de la Fuente, C/ Vilches s/n, 23600, Martos, Jaén, Spain
| | - Javier Gámez García
- Robotics, Automation and Computer Vision Group, Department of Electronic Engineering and Automation, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez Ortega
- Robotics, Automation and Computer Vision Group, Department of Electronic Engineering and Automation, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
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23
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Valli E, Bendini A, Berardinelli A, Ragni L, Riccò B, Grossi M, Gallina Toschi T. Rapid and innovative instrumental approaches for quality and authenticity of olive oils. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Valli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Alessandra Bendini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Annachiara Berardinelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Luigi Ragni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Bruno Riccò
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Grossi
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Tullia Gallina Toschi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL); Alma Mater Studiorum − University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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24
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Stoichiometric determination of moisture in edible oils by Mid-FTIR spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 918:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Andrianjaka-Camps ZN, Baumgartner D, Camps C, Guyer E, Arrigoni E, Carlen C. Prediction of raspberries puree quality traits by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Prediction of various chemical parameters of olive oils with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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28
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Lv J, Yang X, Ma H, Hu X, Wei Y, Zhou W, Li L. The oxidative stability of microalgae oil (Schizochytrium aggregatum) and its antioxidant activity after simulated gastrointestinal digestion: Relationship with constituents. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
- Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Xianqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Haixia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Ya Wei
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Wanjun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Laihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, National Research and Development Center for Aquatic Product Processing; Ministry of Agriculture; Guangzhou P. R. China
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29
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Cozzolino D. Infrared Spectroscopy as a Versatile Analytical Tool for the Quantitative Determination of Antioxidants in Agricultural Products, Foods and Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:482-97. [PMID: 26783838 PMCID: PMC4665432 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spectroscopic methods provide with very useful qualitative and quantitative information about the biochemistry and chemistry of antioxidants. Near infrared (NIR) and mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy are considered as powerful, fast, accurate and non-destructive analytical tools that can be considered as a replacement of traditional chemical analysis. In recent years, several reports can be found in the literature demonstrating the usefulness of these methods in the analysis of antioxidants in different organic matrices. This article reviews recent applications of infrared (NIR and MIR) spectroscopy in the analysis of antioxidant compounds in a wide range of samples such as agricultural products, foods and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1 Glen Osmond SA, Adelaide, 5064, Australia.
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30
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Discrimination and characterisation of extra virgin olive oils from three cultivars in different maturation stages using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in tandem with chemometrics. Food Chem 2015; 174:226-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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An opto-electronic system for in-situ determination of peroxide value and total phenol content in olive oil. J FOOD ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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33
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Sherazi STH, Arain S, Mahesar SA, Bhanger MI, Khaskheli AR. Erucic acid evaluation in rapeseed and canola oil by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarfraz Arain
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry; University of Sindh; Jamshoro; Pakistan
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry; University of Sindh; Jamshoro; Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry; University of Sindh; Jamshoro; Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rauf Khaskheli
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry; University of Sindh; Jamshoro; Pakistan
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34
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Gunnaiah R, Kushalappa AC, Duggavathi R, Fox S, Somers DJ. Integrated metabolo-proteomic approach to decipher the mechanisms by which wheat QTL (Fhb1) contributes to resistance against Fusarium graminearum. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40695. [PMID: 22866179 PMCID: PMC3398977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance in plants to pathogen attack can be qualitative or quantitative. For the latter, hundreds of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified, but the mechanisms of resistance are largely unknown. Integrated non-target metabolomics and proteomics, using high resolution hybrid mass spectrometry, were applied to identify the mechanisms of resistance governed by the fusarium head blight resistance locus, Fhb1, in the near isogenic lines derived from wheat genotype Nyubai. Findings The metabolomic and proteomic profiles were compared between the near isogenic lines (NIL) with resistant and susceptible alleles of Fhb1 upon F. graminearum or mock-inoculation. The resistance-related metabolites and proteins identified were mapped to metabolic pathways. Metabolites of the shunt phenylpropanoid pathway such as hydroxycinnamic acid amides, phenolic glucosides and flavonoids were induced only in the resistant NIL, or induced at higher abundances in resistant than in susceptible NIL, following pathogen inoculation. The identities of these metabolites were confirmed, with fragmentation patterns, using the high resolution LC-LTQ-Orbitrap. Concurrently, the enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis such as cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, flavonoid O-methyltransferase, agmatine coumaroyltransferase and peroxidase were also up-regulated. Increased cell wall thickening due to deposition of hydroxycinnamic acid amides and flavonoids was confirmed by histo-chemical localization of the metabolites using confocal microscopy. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that the resistance in Fhb1 derived from the wheat genotype Nyubai is mainly associated with cell wall thickening due to deposition of hydroxycinnamic acid amides, phenolic glucosides and flavonoids, but not with the conversion of deoxynivalenol to less toxic deoxynivalenol 3-O-glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Gunnaiah
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ajjamada C. Kushalappa
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- Animal Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephen Fox
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Daryl J. Somers
- Vineland Research and Innovation Center, Vineland, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Assessment of the water content in extra virgin olive oils by Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression methods. J FOOD ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Meng X, Sedman J, van de Voort FR. Improving the determination of moisture in edible oils by FTIR spectroscopy using acetonitrile extraction. Food Chem 2012; 135:722-9. [PMID: 22868151 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method developed for the analysis of moisture in edible oils using dry acetonitrile as the extraction solvent was re-examined with the objective of improving its overall sensitivity and reproducibility. Quantitation was based on the H-O-H bending absorption at ∼1630 cm(-1) instead of the bands in the OH stretching region, fewer interferences being an issue in the former as opposed to the latter region. In addition, a spectroscopic dilution correction procedure was developed to compensate for any miscibility of oil samples with acetonitrile, and gap-segment 2nd derivative spectra were employed to minimise the associated possibility of spectral interferences from absorptions of the oils. In comprehensive standard addition experiments using a variety of edible oils, the FTIR method was shown to recover the amounts of water quantitatively added to dry oil with an accuracy of ±20 ppm when the spectra of the acetonitrile extracts of the water-spiked oils were ratioed against the spectra of the acetonitrile extracts of the corresponding dry oils. The accuracy deteriorated substantially when the spectra of the acetonitrile extracts of the water-spiked oils were ratioed against the spectrum of the acetonitrile extraction solvent only. However, the primary variable affecting the apparent difference in the accuracy of the two approaches was determined to be the variability in the residual moisture content of the dried oils used in the standard addition experiments, as confirmed by an FTIR procedure based on H-D exchange with D(2)O. The FTIR method as structured is amenable to automation (>120 samples/h) and provides a very competitive means by which to routinely measure moisture present in a variety of hydrophobic materials that are normally the domain of Karl Fischer titration, such as edible oils, mineral oils, biodiesel and fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Meng
- McGill IR Group, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada
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37
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Determination of Total Phenolic Content in Olive Oil Samples by UV–visible Spectrometry and Multivariate Calibration. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38
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Maggio RM, Valli E, Bendini A, Gómez-Caravaca AM, Toschi TG, Cerretani L. A spectroscopic and chemometric study of virgin olive oils subjected to thermal stress. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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