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Ghareeb D, El-Zeftawy M, Balbaa M. The Hepatotoxicity of Nigella sativa Oil Linked to the Route of Administration. THE NATURAL PRODUCTS JOURNAL 2023; 13. [DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220519092602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Background:
Even Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has several pharmacological effects; the route
of administration is critical to obtain the desired activity in which intraperitoneal injection (IP) of oil
recruits macrophages and induces inflammation.
Objective:
The current study aimed to determine the best administration route of NSO in rats either
oral or IP.
Methods:
The components of NSO, routine blood analyses, hepatic oxidative stress and proinflammatory
parameters, and liver histopathological study were evaluated.
Results:
NSO contained 32.14% E,E,Z- 1, 3 , 12- nonadecatriene- 5, 14 diol, 25% thymoquinone (TQ)
and 3.74% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition, the rats who received IP injection of NSO
showed an increase in hepatic enzymes, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.
This was associated with hepatic up-regulation of the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM-
17) genes, which are corroborated by a reduction in hepatic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3
(TIMP-3) concentration. These indications were seen in rats given a small amount of DMSO (NSO
vehicle), indicating that NSO-oral delivery was safer than IP.
Conclusion:
NSO-IP administration promotes the hepatic oxidative stress-inflammation axis; thus,
NSO is a generally safe chemical, especially when administered orally to experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Ghareeb
- Department
of Biochemistry, Biological Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria,
Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Zeftawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
- Department
of Biochemistry, Biological Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria,
Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Balbaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Development and characterization of a fucoidan-based nanoemulsion using Nigella sativa oil for improvement of anti-obesity activity of fucoxanthin in an obese rat model. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123867. [PMID: 36870664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The anti-obesity activity of encapsulated fucoxanthin in fucoidan-based nanoemulsion was investigated. Then, high-fat diet (HFD) induced-obese rats were fed along with different treatments including administration of encapsulated fucoxanthin (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg/day), fucoidan (70 mg/kg), Nigella sativa oil (250 mg/kg), metformin (200 mg/kg), and free form of fucoxanthin (50 mg/kg) by oral gavage daily for 7 weeks. The study discovered that fucoidan-based nanoemulsions with a low and high dose of fucoxanthin had droplet size in the range of 181.70-184.87 nm and encapsulation efficacy of 89.94-91.68 %, respectively. Also exhibited 75.86 % and 83.76 % fucoxanthin in vitro release. The TEM images and FTIR spectera confirmed the particle size and encapsulation of fucoxanthin, respectively. Moreover, in vivo results revealed that encapsulated fucoxanthin reduced body and liver weight compared with a HFD group (p < 0.05). Biochemical parameters (FBS, TG, TC, HDL, LDL) and liver enzymes (ALP, AST, and ALT) were decreased after fucoxanthin and fucoidan administration. According to the histopathological analysis, fucoxanthin and fucoidan attenuated lipid accumulation in the liver.
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Majeed A, Muhammad Z, Ahmad H, Rehmanullah, Hayat SSS, Inayat N, Siyyar S. Nigella sativa L.: Uses in traditional and contemporary medicines – An overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Al-Okbi SY, Amin MA, Mohamed AEA, Edris AE, Sharaf OM, Mabrok HB, Ramadan AA. Basil Essential Oil and Its Nanoemulsion Mitigate Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Rat Model with Special Reference to Gut Microbiota. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:913-927. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Y. Al-Okbi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
| | - Magdy A. Amin
- Microbiology and Immunology department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University
| | - Amal E. A. Mohamed
- Microbiology and Immunology department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University
- Microbiology and Immunology department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University
| | - Amr E. Edris
- Aroma and Flavor Chemistry, Food Industries and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre
| | | | - Hoda B Mabrok
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
| | - Asmaa A. Ramadan
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
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Rashidmayvan M, Mohammadshahi M, Seyedian SS, Haghighizadeh MH. The effect of Nigella sativa oil on serum levels of inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, lipid profile, insulin and fasting blood sugar in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:453-459. [PMID: 31890671 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the metabolic disturbances associated with inflammation. Nigella sativa (NS) seed oil has different chemical compounds including Thymoquinone (TQ), unsaturated fatty acids, and flavonoids. NSs are used as anti-inflammatory and antioxidants in medical sciences. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NS oil on several parameters in serum levels of patients with NAFLD. Methods Forty-four patients diagnosed with NAFLD participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups; one receiving NS oil and the other receiving placebo (paraffin oil), for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken from the patients at the beginning and the end of the study. Afterwards, liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT), inflammatory markers (Hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6), insulin, lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, LDL-C, and HDL-C), FBS, and blood pressure were measured. Results Consumption of NS seed oil as supplement decreased the FBS level, lipid profiles (TG, TC, LDL, VLDL), liver enzymes (AST and ALT), hs-CRP inflammatory marker, IL-6, TNF-α, while it increased the HDL-C levels, compared to the placebo group (P < 0.05). Receiving NS oil had no significant effect on serum levels of insulin, blood pressure, and GGT in comparison with the beginning of the study (P < 0.05). Conclusion NS seed oil supplements may decrease the liver enzymes and lipid profiles in the patients with NAFLD and play a protective role in the liver via reducing the inflammation in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rashidmayvan
- 1Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Majid Mohammadshahi
- 2Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Seyedian
- 3Research Institute for Infectious Diseases of the Digestive System, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Haghighizadeh
- 4Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Khonche A, Huseini HF, Gholamian M, Mohtashami R, Nabati F, Kianbakht S. Standardized Nigella sativa seed oil ameliorates hepatic steatosis, aminotransferase and lipid levels in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 234:106-111. [PMID: 30639231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL EVIDENCE Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seeds are used in the Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of liver diseases. AIM OF STUDY To study the efficacy and safety of N. sativa seed oil in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients received 2.5 mL fully standardized N. sativa seed oil every 12 h and 60 other patients received placebo for 3 months. At the baseline and endpoint, hepatic steatosis ultrasound grade and blood levels of triglycerides, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and complete blood cell count as well as body mass index were determined in the oil and placebo groups and compared. RESULTS Grade of hepatic steatosis was significantly reduced in the oil group compared to the placebo group (P = 0.004). Mean ± standard deviation of changes of variables in the oil and placebo groups were respectively 32.6 ± 16.6 and 14.2 ± 19.7% for ALT (P < 0/001), 29.4 ± 16.3 and 12.3 ± 16.8% for AST (P < 0.001), 10 ± 13.9 and 0.22 ± 18.2% for triglycerides (P = 0.001), 14.1 ± 9.8 and 9.2 ± 11.1% for LDL-C (P = 0.01), 9.5 ± 7.7 and 4.8 ± 6.5% for HDL-C (P = 0.001). However, the oil did not significantly affect the other outcome variables compared to the placebo (all P > 0.05). No adverse effect was observed. CONCLUSIONS The N. sativa seed oil seems to be safe and improve liver steatosis and injury and blood levels of triglycerides, LDL-C and HDL-C in the NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Khonche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Fallah Huseini
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholamian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mohtashami
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Nabati
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Kianbakht
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
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Al-Okbi SY, El-Qousy SM, El-Ghlban S, Moawad HF. Role of Borage Seed Oil and Fish Oil with or without Turmeric and Alpha- Tocopherol in Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Fatty Liver in Rats. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1551-1562. [PMID: 30429440 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to Study the prevention of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation and fatty liver as risk factors for cardiovascular disease via intervention by borage oil (B) and fish oil (F) with or without turmeric (T) and alpha-tocopherols (TC). Fatty acids were assessed in both oils while curcuminoids were determined in turmeric. Rats were divided into; first group fed on balanced diet and designated as normal control (NC), second fed on dyslipidemic and steatohepatitis (DS) inducer diet which represented the DS control group and groups 3-6 fed on DS inducer diet with daily oral administration of B, B+T+TC, F and F+T+TC; respectively for 5 weeks. Liver fat and plasma lipid profile, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarker and liver and heart histopathology were assessed. Results showed gamma linolenic to be 21.01% in B. F contained eicosapentaenoic as 22.768% and docosahexaenoic acid as 13.574%.Total curcuminoids were 4.63 mg/g turmeric. The DS control group showed significant dyslipidemia, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha and liver fat with significant reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to NC. The different treatments produced significant improvement in all the parameters and histopathology. F was superior to B in ameliorating liver histopathological changes while B was more efficient in elevating TAC. B was more promising in improving lipid profile and liver fat compared to B + T + TC, while the latter was superior in improving MDA and liver histopathology. Fish oil was more efficient than F+TC+T except for TAC and high density lipoprotein cholesterol which were more improved on addition of TC and T. Conclusion: Borage and fish oil with or without antioxidants protect from cardiovascular and fatty liver diseases with variable degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Y Al-Okbi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
| | - Salah M El-Qousy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science El Menoufeia University
| | - Samah El-Ghlban
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science El Menoufeia University
| | - Hosam F Moawad
- Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
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Y Al-Okbi S, Mohamed DA, Abd-Elhady EE, Hussein AMS, Al-Siedy ESK. Comparative Study of Orange and its Main Bioactive Constituents as Remedy for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2018; 21:359-368. [PMID: 30417996 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.359.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is accused as inducer of both cardiovascular and chronic liver diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of combined freeze dried orange juice with its dried pulp supplemented with methionine, as functional food, in comparison to orange bioactive constituents, as parallel formula, in NAFLD rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proximate composition, dietary fibers, minerals, total phenolics, fatty acids and phytosterols were determined in the orange functional food. The NAFLD was induced in rats through feeding high fructose diet. The prepared functional food and its parallel formula were evaluated in NAFLD rats through determination of liver fat and plasma lipid profile, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, leptin, insulin and glucose as well as liver and kidney function with histopathological examination of the liver. Insulin resistance (IR) and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol were calculated. RESULTS Orange functional food was shown to contain 9.17% dietary fibers, 1.4% potassium, 1.4 phenolic content as mg gallic acid/g, oleic acid as the major fatty acid (29.75% of total fatty acids) and 11.97% phytosterols from unsaponifiable matter. The studied formulas produced reduction of liver and plasma lipids, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, IR and leptin with improving liver function and histopathology pointing to potential management of NAFLD. CONCLUSION Orange functional food and its parallel formula were promising in management of NAFLD; with superiority to orange functional food. Phenolic compounds, dietary fibers, phytosterols and mono and poly-unsaturated fatty acids could be responsible to the bioactivity of orange formula.
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Efficacy of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) and Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.59183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Al-Okbi SY, Mohamed DA, Hamed TE, Edris AE, Fouda K. Hepatic Regeneration and Reno-Protection by Fish oil, Nigella sativa Oil and Combined Fish Oil/Nigella sativa Volatiles in CCl 4 Treated Rats. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:345-353. [PMID: 29459508 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of fish oil, crude Nigella sative oil and combined fish oil/Nigella sative volatile oil as hepato-regenerative and renal protective supplements. The oils were administered as emulsions to rat model with liver injury induced by CCl4. Plasma activities of transaminases (AST and ALT) were evaluated as liver function indicators, while plasma creatinine and urea and creatinine clearance were determined as markers of kidney function. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were estimated to assess the exposure to oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation. Liver fat was extracted and their fatty acids´ methyl esters were determined using gas chromatography. Results showed that plasma activities of AST and ALT were significantly higher in CCl4 control group compared to control healthy group. Plasma levels of creatinine and urea increased significantly in CCl4 control, while creatinine clearance was reduced significantly in the same group. All rat treated groups given the three oil emulsions showed improvement in liver function pointing to the initiation of liver regeneration. The combination of fish oil/Nigella sative volatiles showed the most promising regenerative activity. Oxidative stress and inflammation which were increased significantly in CCl4 control group showed improvement on administration of the three different oil emulsions. Fatty acids methyl ester of liver fat revealed that rats treated with fish oil/Nigella sative volatile oil presented the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids (45.52% ± 0.81) while fish oil showed the highest saturated fatty acids (53.28% ± 1.68). Conclusion; Oral administration of oil emulsions of native fish oil, Nigella sative crude oil and combined fish oil/Nigella sative volatile oil reduced liver and kidney injury in rat model of CCl4 through exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Fish oil/Nigella sative volatile oil emulsion was the most promising hepato-regenerative and reno-protective formula among the different groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Y Al-Okbi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
| | - Doha A Mohamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
| | - Thanaa E Hamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
| | - Amr E Edris
- Aroma and Flavor Chemistry Department, National Research Centre
| | - Karem Fouda
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre
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Hamed SF, Shaaban HA, Ramadan AA, Edris AE. Potentials of enhancing the physicochemical and functional characteristics of Nigella sativa oil by using the screw pressing technique for extraction. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2017. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0818162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the current investigation the crude oil of Nigella sativa was extracted from seeds using hydraulic and screw pressing techniques. Different parameters were evaluated in order to find out the appropriate technique to enhance the physicochemical and functional-related characteristics of the extracted crude oil. Results showed that the acid and peroxide values were significantly lower in the screw pressed oil (SPO) than in the hydraulic pressed oil (HPO). The total phenolic content of the SPO was significantly higher than that of HPO. Evaluation of the oxidative stability using the Rancimat test showed that SPO recorded a much higher oxidative stability index (40.07 h) than HPO (0.51 h). The yield of the volatile oil fraction and its contents of thymoquinone isolated from the SPO were higher than that from the HPO. Biological evaluation revealed that the SPO had significantly higher antimicrobial activity than HPO against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus at 40 μL/well.
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Enhanced prevention of progression of non alcoholic fatty liver to steatohepatitis by incorporating pumpkin seed oil in nanoemulsions. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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El-Hack MEA, Alagawany M, Farag MR, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Dhama K. Nutritional, Healthical and Therapeutic Efficacy of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) in Animals, Poultry and Humans. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.232.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Edris AE, Kalemba D, Adamiec J, Piątkowski M. Microencapsulation of Nigella sativa oleoresin by spray drying for food and nutraceutical applications. Food Chem 2016; 204:326-333. [PMID: 26988509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oleoresin of Nigella sativa L. (Black cumin) was obtained from the seeds using hexane extraction at room temperature. The oleoresin was emulsified in an aqueous solution containing gum Arabic/maltodextrin (1:1 w/w) and then encapsulated in powder form by spray drying. The characteristics of the obtained powder including moisture content, bulk density, wettability, morphology, encapsulation efficiency were evaluated. The effect of the spray drying on the chemical composition of the volatile oil fraction of N. sativa oleoresin was also evaluated using gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic analysis. Results indicated that the encapsulation efficiency of the whole oleoresin in the powder can range from 84.2±1.5% to 96.2±0.2% depending on the conditions of extracting the surface oil from the powder. On the other hand the encapsulation efficiency of the volatile oil fraction was 86.2% ±4.7. The formulated N. sativa L. oleoresin powder can be used in the fortification of processed food and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr E Edris
- Aroma & Flavor Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Danuta Kalemba
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Adamiec
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Piątkowski
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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Edris AE, Al-Okbi SY, Mohamed DA, Hamed TE. Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa crude oil and its blend with omega-3 fatty acid-rich oils in a modified hepatorenal syndrome model in rats. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2015. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0245151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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