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Ying A, Bai L, Jiang X, Shen R, Liu Y, Liu Z. Boosting catalytic efficiency of lipase by regulating amphiphilic microenvironment through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerized modifications on polyacrylonitrile fiber. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134196. [PMID: 39069053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Lipases are increasingly attracting attention in green and sustainable biodiesel production. Currently, the research emphasis lies in immobilizing unstable lipase onto carriers to enhance its performance. Polyacrylonitrile fiber (PANF) is considered to be a promising material for lipase immobilization due to its excellent properties. In this study, functional carriers with regulated surface hydrophobicity were obtained by loading functional groups on PANF via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerized modification, and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) was covalently immobilized on the carrier with glutaraldehyde as a linker. By employing this optimized biocatalyst PANF@BMA&2VImBr-NH2-CRL in the transesterification process, the yield of biodiesel derived from soybean oil reached an impressive 92.7 %. The outstanding performance can be attributed to the activation of lipase interface induced by hydrophobic microenvironment derived from alkyl ester on the carrier skeleton. Moreover, the stability and storage performance of immobilized lipase were significantly improved. The immobilized lipase exhibited facile recovery and maintained a consistent biodiesel yield of 80.9 % even after undergoing 5 cycles of reuse, thereby highlighting its potential for sustainable production. To sum up, our research demonstrates that the designed and prepared process of PANF-supported lipase offers a promising approach for enzyme immobilization, thereby presenting extensive potential applications in the field of biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anguo Ying
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273100, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linsheng Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273100, People's Republic of China
| | - Runpu Shen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273100, People's Republic of China
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2
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Xie R, Peng X, Lee YY, Xie P, Tan CP, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Enzymatic preparation of diacylglycerols: lipase screening, immobilization, characterization and glycerolysis performance. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39258418 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Glycerolysis, with its advantages of readily available raw materials, simple operation, and mild reaction conditions, is a primary method for producing diacylglycerol (DAG). However, enzymatic glycerolysis faces challenges such as high enzyme costs, low reuse efficiency, and poor stability. The study aims to develop a cost-effective immobilized enzyme by covalently binding lipase to pre-activated carriers through the selection of suitable lipases, carriers, and activating agents. The optimization is intended to improve the glycerolysis reaction for efficient DAG production. RESULTS Lipase CN-TL (from Thermomyces lanuginosus) was selected through glycerolysis reaction and molecular docking to catalyze the glycerolysis reaction. Optimizing the immobilization method by covalently binding CN-TL to poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE)-preactivated resin LX-201A resulted in the preparation of the immobilized enzyme TL-PEGDGE-LX. The immobilized enzyme retained over 90% of its initial activity after five consecutive reactions, demonstrating excellent reusability. The DAG content in the product remained at 84.8% of its initial level, further highlighting the enzyme's potential for reusability and its promising applications in the food and oil industries. CONCLUSIONS The immobilized lipase TL-PEGDGE-LX, created by covalently immobilizing lipase CN-TL on PEGDGE-preactivated carriers, demonstrated broad applicability and excellent reusability. This approach offers an economical and convenient immobilization strategy for the enzymatic glycerolysis production of DAG. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xie
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianwu Peng
- Research and Development and Technical Regulations, Amway (China) R&D Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yee-Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Pengkai Xie
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chin-Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Świderek K, Velasco-Lozano S, Galmés MÀ, Olazabal I, Sardon H, López-Gallego F, Moliner V. Mechanistic studies of a lipase unveil effect of pH on hydrolysis products of small PET modules. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3556. [PMID: 37321996 PMCID: PMC10272158 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocatalysis is a key technology enabling plastic recycling. However, despite advances done in the development of plastic-degrading enzymes, the molecular mechanisms that govern their catalytic performance are poorly understood, hampering the engineering of more efficient enzyme-based technologies. In this work, we study the hydrolysis of PET-derived diesters and PET trimers catalyzed by the highly promiscuous lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) through QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations supported by experimental Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The computational studies reveal the role of the pH on the CALB regioselectivity toward the hydrolysis of bis-(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET). We exploit this insight to perform a pH-controlled biotransformation that selectively hydrolyzes BHET to either its corresponding diacid or monoesters using both soluble and immobilized CALB. The discoveries presented here can be exploited for the valorization of BHET resulting from the organocatalytic depolymerization of PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Świderek
- BioComp Group, Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Miquel À Galmés
- BioComp Group, Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ion Olazabal
- POLYMAT, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Vicent Moliner
- BioComp Group, Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain.
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Silica-Based Supported Ionic Liquid-like Phases as Heterogeneous Catalysts. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185900. [PMID: 36144636 PMCID: PMC9500683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supported ionic liquid phases offer several advantages related with catalysis. Immobilization of ionic liquid on the solid support provides catalytic activity or efficient matrix for active phases, as enzymes or metal compounds. Ionic liquid can be physically adsorbed on the carrier (supported ionic liquid phase) or chemically grafted to the material surface (supported ionic liquid-like phase). The use of supported ionic liquid phases improves mass transport, reduces ionic amount in the process and, most importantly, enables effortless catalyst separation and recycling. Moreover, chemical modification of the surface material with ionic liquid prevents its leaching, enhancing length of catalyst life. Silica-based materials have become an effective and powerful matrix for supported ionic liquid-like phase due to its cost-efficiency, presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface enabling its functionalization, and specific material properties, such as the size and shapes of the pores. For these reasons, supported ionic liquid-like phase silica-based materials are successfully used in the organic catalysis.
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Li Z, Han Q, Wang K, Song S, Xue Y, Ji X, Zhai J, Huang Y, Zhang S. Ionic liquids as a tunable solvent and modifier for biocatalysis. CATALYSIS REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2022.2074359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Han
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyu Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaju Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuling Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, CAS, Beijing, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, CAS, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen W, Xu L, Zhong N. Encapsulation of CALB by nucleotide/metal ions coordination nanoparticles: highly selective catalysis of esterification while poor performance in glycerolysis reaction. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1812-1822. [PMID: 34460944 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzymatic esterification is attracting for particular high-acid oil deacidification. In this study, Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was encapsulated into a series of nucleotide-hybrid metal coordination polymers (CPs), which were constructed by guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) and various metals. RESULTS We here found that, most of the present CPs encapsulated CALB (CALB@CPs) samples were highly selective for esterification while poor in glycerolysis reaction. They exhibited quite poor performance in glycerolysis, with triacylglycerols (TAGs) conversion lower than 5%, despite this considerable enzymatic hydrolysis activities were observed. However, they (most of them) showed good performance in esterification of fatty acids and glycerol for TAG synthesis. In addition, the GMP/Tb (CPs constructed by GMP and Tb3+ ) encapsulated CALB (CALB@GMP/Tb) transformed over 98% of oleic acid into glycerides in the high-acid oil deacidification process, and TAG content from 87 to 89% was obtained. Moreover, the CALB@GMP/Tb showed good reusability in the esterification system. CONCLUSION The present CALB@CPs samples are selective for esterification and suitable for high-acid oils deacidification. This work provides a new system for enzymatic selectivity improvement study. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Chen
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Nanjing Zhong
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
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Mohammadi Ziarani G, Javadi F, Mohajer F, Anafcheh M, Badiei A, Ghasemi JB. A new Fe3+ colorimetric sensor: Nitrophenyl bispyrazole derivative synthesis using Fe3O4@SiO2@Si-Pr-NH-(CH2)2-NH2 and its DFT study. MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2022; 275:125285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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8
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Wolny A, Chrobok A. Ionic Liquids for Development of Heterogeneous Catalysts Based on Nanomaterials for Biocatalysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2030. [PMID: 34443861 PMCID: PMC8399483 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of effective methods of enzyme stabilization is key for the evolution of biocatalytic processes. An interesting approach combines the stabilization process of proteins in ionic liquids and the immobilization of the active phase on the solid support. As a result, stable, active and heterogeneous biocatalysts are obtained. There are several benefits associated with heterogeneous processes, as easy separation of the biocatalyst from the reaction mixture and the possibility of recycling. Accordingly, this work focused on the supported ionic liquid phases as the efficient enzyme stabilization carriers, and their application in both continuous flow and batch biocatalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Chrobok
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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9
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Ding SS, Zhu JP, Wang Y, Yu Y, Zhao Z. Recent progress in magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous materials for enzyme immobilization: an update. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e244496. [PMID: 34190805 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes immobilized onto substrates with excellent selectivity and activity show a high stability and can withstand extreme experimental conditions, and their performance has been shown to be retained after repeated uses. Applications of immobilized enzymes in various fields benefit from their unique characteristics. Common methods, including adsorption, encapsulation, covalent attachment and crosslinking, and other emerging approaches (e.g., MOFs) of enzyme immobilization have been developed mostly in recent years. In accordance with these immobilization methods, the present review elaborates the application of magnetic separable nanoparticles and functionalized SBA-15 and MCM-41 mesoporous materials used in the immobilization of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-S Ding
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Grain Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - J-P Zhu
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Grain Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Y Wang
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Grain Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Y Yu
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Grain Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Z Zhao
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Grain Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
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10
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Arana-Peña S, Rios NS, Carballares D, Gonçalves LR, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of lipases via interfacial activation on hydrophobic supports: Production of biocatalysts libraries by altering the immobilization conditions. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Immobilization of lipases onto the halogen & haloalkanes modified SBA-15: Enzymatic activity and glycerolysis performance study. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:239-250. [PMID: 33345972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, SBA-15 was modified by halogen & haloalkanes and later used to immobilize lipases. The hydrolysis activity and the glycerolysis performance of the immobilized lipases was carefully studied. Highest activity of the immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), Lipase from Aspergillus oryzae (AOL), Lecitase® Ultra (LU) and lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (RML) was respectively at 5577, 12000, 2822 and 11,577 U/g; in addition, the highest activity was obtained from the lowest or moderate lipase loading, at 25.73, 90.72, 89.52 and 30.56 mg/g respectively. The mechanism of lipase immobilization was studied and it was through interfacial activation. The halogen & haloalkanes modification of SBA-15 afforded considerable glycerolysis activity for diacylglycerols (DAG) preparation. CALB@SBA-15-CH2CH2(CF2)5CF3 and CALB@SBA-15-CH2CH2(CF2)7CF3 were suitable for DAG production, they both exhibited good reusability in glycerolysis reaction, with 117.36% and 93.06% of their initial glycerolysis activity retained respectively after ten cycles of reuse. The relationships between temperature with triacylglycerols (TAG) conversion were lnV0 = 3.13-3.07/T and lnV0 = 7.90-4.64/T respectively for CALB@SBA-15-CH2CH2(CF2)5CF3 and CALB@SBA-15-CH2CH2(CF2)7CF3; in addition, their activation energy (Ea) was respectively at 25.50 and 38.54 kJ/mol.
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12
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ZitianWang, Dai L, Liu D, Liu H, Du W. Kinetics and Mechanism of Solvent Influence on the Lipase-Catalyzed 1,3-Diolein Synthesis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:24708-24716. [PMID: 33015488 PMCID: PMC7528294 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Diacylglycerol preparation has roused increasing attention in recent years as the 1,3-diacylglycerol-rich oils can suppress the deposition of visceral fat and prevent the body weight increasing. Lipozyme TL IM-mediated esterification of oleic acid with monoolein was effective for 1,3-diacylglycerol production. During the esterification process, the solvent shows obvious influence on the diolein synthesis as well as the 1,3-diolein production. This work investigated the related kinetics and mechanism of the solvent effect on the esterification and Lipozyme TL IM performance. The results indicated that both the esterification rate constant and the acyl migration rate constant positively correlated with the logP of the solvent, while the site specificity of lipase has negative correlation with solvent logP. The acylation toward the 2-position of 1-monoolein was more sensitive to the solvent logP compared to the 1-position of glycerides. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that solvents with different logP influenced the structure of Lipozyme TL IM including RMSD, hydrogen bond, and radial distribution function to a large extent, which subsequently led to the catalytic activity and selectivity variation of the lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZitianWang
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lingmei Dai
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dehua Liu
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua Innovation Center in Dongguan, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Liu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua Innovation Center in Dongguan, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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Chen J, Lee WJ, Qiu C, Wang S, Li G, Wang Y. Immobilized Lipase in the Synthesis of High Purity Medium Chain Diacylglycerols Using a Bubble Column Reactor: Characterization and Application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:466. [PMID: 32509749 PMCID: PMC7248569 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Novozym® 435, an immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica B. (CALB), was used as a biocatalyst for the synthesis of high purity medium chain diacylglycerol (MCD) in a bubble column reactor. In this work, the properties of the MCD produced were characterized followed by determining its practical application as an emulsifier in water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. Two types of MCDs, namely, dicaprylin (C8-DAG) and dicaprin (C10-DAG), were prepared through enzymatic esterification using the following conditions: 5% Novozym® 435, 2.5% deionized water, 60°C for 30 min followed by purification. A single-step molecular distillation (MD) (100–140°C, 0.1 Pa, 300 rpm) was performed and comparison was made to that of a double-step purification with MD followed by silica gel column chromatography technique (MD + SGCC). Crude C8-DAG and C10-DAG with DAG concentration of 41 and 44%, respectively, were obtained via the immobilized enzyme catalyzing reaction. Post-purification via MD, the concentrations of C8-DAG and C10-DAG were increased to 80 and 83%, respectively. Both MCDs had purity of 99% after the MD + SGCC purification step. Although Novozym® 435 is a non-specific lipase, higher ratios of 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG were acquired. Via MD, the ratios of 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG in C8-DAG and C10-DAG were 5.8:1 and 7.3:1, respectively. MCDs that were purified using MD + SGCC were found to contain 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG ratios of 8.8:1 and 9.8:1 in C8-DAG and C10-DAG, respectively. The crystallization and melting peaks were shifted to higher temperature regions as the purity of the MCD was increased. Dense needle-like crystals were observed in MCDs with high purities. Addition of 5% C8-DAG and C10-DAG as emulsifier together in the presence of 9% of hydrogenated soybean oil produced stable W/O emulsion with particle size of 18 and 10 μm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazi Chen
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Jun Lee
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoying Qiu
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaolin Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhao X, Zhao F, Zhong N. Production of diacylglycerols through glycerolysis with SBA-15 supported Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase as catalyst. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1426-1435. [PMID: 31710696 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, SBA-15 was functionalized by silane coupling reagents, then lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) was immobilized onto the parent and the organically modified SBA-15 for diacylglycerol (DAG) production through glycerolysis. RESULTS Diacylglycerol content of 54.77 ± 0.63%, and triacylglycerol (TAG) conversion of 77.75 ± 1.24%, were obtained from the parent SBA-15 supported TLL-mediated glycerolysis reaction in a solvent-free system. However, poor performance was unexpectedly observed when co-solvents were introduced into the reaction system. After organic modification, the functionalized SBA-15 supported TLL samples all exhibited reasonable performance, producing DAG content over 40 wt% and TAG conversion over 70 wt%. Higher DAG content, up to 59.19 ± 1.10%, was observed from the phenyl group-modified SBA-15 supported TLL. The operational stability of the immobilized TLL samples in glycerolysis was also improved after organic functionalization. The phenyl group-modified SBA-15 supported TLL showed good reusability in the present glycerolysis reaction, and 95.21 ± 4.87% of the initial glycerolysis activity remained after five cycles of reuse. CONCLUSION The organic modification of SBA-15 improved the catalytic performance of its supported TLL in glycerolysis, in terms of TAG conversion, DAG content, and reusability. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Zhao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fenghuan Zhao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nanjing Zhong
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
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15
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Lee WJ, Zhang Z, Lai OM, Tan CP, Wang Y. Diacylglycerol in food industry: Synthesis methods, functionalities, health benefits, potential risks and drawbacks. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Schindl A, Hagen ML, Muzammal S, Gunasekera HAD, Croft AK. Proteins in Ionic Liquids: Reactions, Applications, and Futures. Front Chem 2019; 7:347. [PMID: 31179267 PMCID: PMC6543490 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymer processing and handling is greatly facilitated by the use of ionic liquids, given the increased solubility, and in some cases, structural stability imparted to these molecules. Focussing on proteins, we highlight here not just the key drivers behind protein-ionic liquid interactions that facilitate these functionalities, but address relevant current and potential applications of protein-ionic liquid interactions, including areas of future interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schindl
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew L. Hagen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shafaq Muzammal
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Henadira A. D. Gunasekera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna K. Croft
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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17
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Zhong N, Chen W, Liu L, Chen H. Immobilization of Rhizomucor miehei lipase onto the organic functionalized SBA-15: Their enzymatic properties and glycerolysis efficiencies for diacylglycerols production. Food Chem 2019; 271:739-746. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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18
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Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Fundamental importance of ionic interactions in the liquid phase: A review of recent studies of ionic liquids in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Li Y, Zhong N, Cheong LZ, Huang J, Chen H, Lin S. Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B onto organically-modified SBA-15 for efficient production of soybean-based mono and diacylglycerols. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:886-895. [PMID: 30172818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, SBA-15 was modified by a series of silane coupling reagents and later used to immobilize Candida antartica lipase B (CALB). The enzymatic properties of the immobilized CALB samples were studied. In addition, the catalytic performance in glycerolysis of soybean oil for diacylglycerols (DAG) production was also investigated. The highest enzymatic activity up to 6100.00 ± 246.41 U/g was observed from the propyl methacrylate group modified SBA-15 supported CALB. No loss of activity was observed from the propyl methacrylate group modified SBA-15 supported CALB, but a higher-than-initial activity was notably found from 3-aminopropyl group and n-octyl group modified SBA-15 supported CALB after a 4-h incubation in air at 70 °C. 1-isocyanatopropane group modified SBA-15 supported CALB exhibited selectivity for DAG production. DAG content up to 61.90 ± 2.38 wt% and a DAG/MAG ratio at 3.11 ± 0.08 was obtained after a 24-h reaction at 60 °C in a solvent-free system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Nanjing Zhong
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China.
| | - Ling-Zhi Cheong
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Hongxiao Chen
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Shaoyan Lin
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
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