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Jung SJ, Kim YG, Lee SO, Chae SW. Effects of Korean Versus Western Diets on Reproductive Function in Young Korean Men: A 12-Week Randomized Parallel Clinical Trial. J Lifestyle Med 2024; 14:20-30. [PMID: 38665320 PMCID: PMC11039441 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2024.14.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies report that diet may have contributed to a 50-60% decrease in human sperm quality over the past few decades. Unhealthy lifestyles affect the structure of spermatozoa, affecting the male reproductive potential. This study aimed to compare the effects of Korean and Western diets on reproductive function in young male Koreans. Methods Study participants were provided either the Korean Diet (KD group) or the Western Diet (WD group) for 12 weeks. Semen quality parameters such as volume, motility, cell count, and sex hormone levels were evaluated. Sexual function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function and the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire. Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Results The KD group demonstrated a significantly increased sperm motility after 8 weeks relative to baseline but decreased after 12 weeks. In contrast, sperm motility in the WD group significantly decreased after 8 weeks compared with baseline and remained constant after 12 weeks. Statistically, a near-significant difference was observed between groups (p = 0.057). Similarly, free testosterone levels in the KD group increased after 12 weeks compared with baseline, whereas that in the WD group decreased. The free testosterone levels in the KD group were significantly higher than those in the WD group (p = 0.020). There were no statistically significant differences in other sex hormone and sexual function questionnaires between the groups. None of the participants reported any severe side effects, and no significant alterations in clinical diagnostic test values were detected. Conclusion The results of the study strongly reveal that KD positively affects sperm motility and male hormone levels in young men, indicating potential benefits for reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Jung
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gon Kim
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ok Lee
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Zhang J, Zhu Z, Huang J, Yang H, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Analyzing the impact and mechanism of bisphenol A on testicular lipid metabolism in Gobiocypris rarus through integrated lipidomics and transcriptomics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115498. [PMID: 37742580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most common environmental endocrine chemicals, known for its estrogenic effects that can interfere with male spermatogenesis. Lipids play crucial roles in sperm production, capacitation, and motility as important components of the sperm plasma membrane. However, limited research has explored whether BPA affects lipid metabolism in the testes of male fish and subsequently impacts spermatogenesis. In this study, we employed Gobiocypris rarus rare minnow as a research model and exposed them to environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA (15 μg/L) for 5 weeks. We assessed sperm morphology and function and analyzed changes in testicular lipid composition and transcriptomics. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the sperm head membrane damage rate, along with reduced sperm motility and fertilization ability due to BPA exposure. Lipidomics analysis revealed that BPA increased the content of 11 lipids while decreasing the content of 6 lipids in the testes, particularly within glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, and sphingolipid subclasses. Transcriptomics results indicated significant up-regulation in pathways such as cholesterol metabolism, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, and fat digestion and absorption, with significant alterations in key genes related to lipid metabolism, including apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein C-I, and translocator protein. These findings suggest that BPA exposure can induce testicular lipid metabolism disruption in rare minnows, potentially resulting in abnormalities in rare minnow spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Zhang
- Shaanxi key laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiqin Huang
- Shaanxi key laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Shaanxi key laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Chua SC, Yovich SJ, Hinchliffe PM, Yovich JL. Male Clinical Parameters (Age, Stature, Weight, Body Mass Index, Smoking History, Alcohol Consumption) Bear Minimal Relationship to the Level of Sperm DNA Fragmentation. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050759. [PMID: 37240929 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study reports on 1291 males who were the partners of women presenting with infertility requiring assisted reproduction and who had sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) levels measured by the Halosperm test. These men provided clinical and biometric details which included their age, stature, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Of these men, 562 (43.5%) provided detailed historical records of their smoking and alcohol histories. The aim of this study was to determine whether any clinical and biometric parameters, or main lifestyle factors, had any influence on SDF. We found that the only clinical parameter with a direct correlation was that of advancing age (r = 0.064, p = 0.02), but none of the biometric parameters of stature, weight, or BMI showed any significant correlation. In respect to lifestyle, there were significant correlations with smoking history, but not in the way we expected. Our data showed significantly elevated SDF levels among non-smokers (p = 0.03) compared with smokers. We also found that, among the non-smokers, ex-smokers had higher SDF levels (p = 0.03). With respect to alcohol, consumers did not show any significant differences in SDF levels. These lifestyle findings did not show any significant relevance with respect to an SDF level of <15% or ≥15%. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis excluded age as a confounder in these lifestyle findings. It is therefore concluded that, apart from age, both clinical and lifestyle aspects have minimal relevance to SDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Chuan Chua
- PIVET Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6007, Australia
- Hospital Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - John Lui Yovich
- PIVET Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6007, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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Furse S, Kusinski LC, Ray A, Glenn-Sansum C, Williams HEL, Koulman A, Meek CL. Relative Abundance of Lipid Metabolites in Spermatozoa across Three Compartments. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911655. [PMID: 36232961 PMCID: PMC9569887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility, as manifest by the quantity and progressive motility of spermatozoa, is negatively impacted by obesity, dyslipidaemia and metabolic disease. However, the relative distribution of lipids in spermatozoa and the two compartments which supply lipids for spermatogenesis (seminal fluid and blood serum) has not been studied. We hypothesised that altered availability of lipids in blood serum and seminal fluid may affect the lipid composition and progressive motility of sperm. 60 men of age 35 years (median (range 20-45) and BMI 30.4 kg/m2 (24-36.5) under preliminary investigation for subfertility were recruited at an NHS clinic. Men provided samples of serum and semen, subject to strict acceptance criteria, for analysis of spermatozoa count and motility. Blood serum (n = 60), spermatozoa (n = 26) and seminal fluid (n = 60) were frozen for batch lipidomics analysis. Spermatozoa and seminal fluid had comparable lipid composition but showed marked differences with the serum lipidome. Spermatozoa demonstrated high abundance of ceramides, very-long-chain fatty acids (C20-22), and certain phospholipids (sphingomyelins, plasmalogens, phosphatidylethanolamines) with low abundance of phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol and triglycerides. Men with spermatozoa of low progressive motility had evidence of fewer concentration gradients for many lipid species between blood serum and spermatozoa compartments. Spermatozoa are abundant in multiple lipid species which are likely to contribute to key cellular functions. Lipid metabolism shows reduced regulation between compartments in men with spermatozoa with reduced progressive motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Furse
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Box 289, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Laura C. Kusinski
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Box 289, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alison Ray
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Immunology, Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Bretton Gate, Peterborough PE3 9GZ, UK
| | - Coralie Glenn-Sansum
- R&D Department, Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Bretton Gate, Peterborough PE3 9GZ, UK
| | - Huw E. L. Williams
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Box 289, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Claire L. Meek
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Box 289, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Immunology, Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Bretton Gate, Peterborough PE3 9GZ, UK
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Cambridge Universities NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1223-767176
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Diet and Male Fertility: The Impact of Nutrients and Antioxidants on Sperm Energetic Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052542. [PMID: 35269682 PMCID: PMC8910394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet might affect male reproductive potential, but the biochemical mechanisms involved in the modulation of sperm quality remain poorly understood. While a Western diet is considered a risk factor for male infertility, the Mediterranean diet seems to protect against male infertility; moreover, the role of a vegetarian habitus in the preservation of sperm quality is controversial. The aim of this review is to analyze the molecular effects of single nutrients on sperm quality, focusing on their involvement in biochemical mechanisms related to sperm bioenergetics. It appears that diets rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA) and low in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) negatively affect sperm quality, whereas unsaturated fatty acids supplementation ameliorates sperm quality. In fact, the administration of PUFA, especially omega-3 PUFA, determined an increase in mitochondrial energetic metabolism and a reduction in oxidative damage. Carbohydrates and proteins are also nutritional modulators of oxidative stress and testosterone levels, which are strictly linked to sperm mitochondrial function, a key element for sperm quality. Moreover, many dietary natural polyphenols differentially affect (positively or negatively) the mitochondrial function, depending on their concentration. We believe that an understanding of the biochemical mechanisms responsible for sperm quality will lead to more targeted and effective therapeutics for male infertility.
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Harvey DH, Whittaker A, Arnold K, Mills JF, Shchukin DG. Water-in-oil lecithin microcapsule production using an in-line mixer. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Blanco E, Vázquez L, del Pozo M, Roy R, Petit-Domínguez MD, Quintana C, Casero E. Evaluation of oxidative stress: Nanoparticle-based electrochemical sensors for hydrogen peroxide determination in human semen samples. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 135:107581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The effect of body mass index on sperm DNA fragmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:549-558. [PMID: 31949297 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kumar K, Trzybulska D, Tsatsanis C, Giwercman A, Almstrup K. Identification of circulating small non-coding RNAs in relation to male subfertility and reproductive hormones. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 492:110443. [PMID: 31077744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Male subfertility is often associated with sub-optimal health status and traditional semen and hormone analysis reveal only limited information about the reduced fertility potential. Circulating small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are paracrine and endocrine messengers, with prognostic potential. Here, we utilised small RNA-Seq to identify novel cell-free circulating sncRNAs that could act as potential biomarkers of male subfertility. We analysed sera from twelve subfertile men and four controls. The subfertile men were further sub-divided into the three groups based on reproductive hormone levels: group 1 (n = 4): hormone levels similar to the controls, group 2 (n = 4) showing elevated FSH levels, and group 3 (n = 4) with low total testosterone (TT). Total RNA was extracted from serum and sequenced to identify miRNAs and piRNAs. Selected sncRNAs were qPCR validated in a larger and independent cohort of subfertile men (n = 57) and normozoospermic controls (n = 19). RNA-Seq resulted in the identification of 1123 and 330 circulating miRNAs and piRNAs, respectively. Several miRNAs and piRNAs were differentially (p = 0.05) present between controls and subfertile men. Subfertile men with low TT appeared to have a distinct sncRNA profile, compared to group 1 and 2. Validation of two miRNAs (hsa-miR-542-5p and hsa-let-7i-3p) and one piRNA (hsa-piR-26399) in an independent cohort confirmed a significant difference in circulating levels between subfertile and control men. Enrichment analysis of the putative miRNA targets showed association with steroid biosynthesis pathway highlighting a potential regulatory role of these miRNAs. We propose that circulating sncRNAs may represent new important functional biomarkers in male reproductive endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishlay Kumar
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorota Trzybulska
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristian Almstrup
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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