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Makhutova ON, Nokhsorov VV, Stoyanov KN, Dudareva LV, Petrov KA. Preliminary Estimation of Nutritional Quality of the Meat, Liver, and Fat of the Indigenous Yakutian Cattle Based on Their Fatty Acid Profiles. Foods 2023; 12:3226. [PMID: 37685159 PMCID: PMC10486547 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Yakutian cattle is an indigenous Siberian cattle breed living in an extremely cold climate in some parts of Yakutia. There are only a few thousand animals of this breed, and the conservation of the Yakutian cattle is embedded in the international agenda. We studied the fatty acid profiles in the meat, liver, and fat of the Yakutian cattle (five individuals) of different ages and their main food resource-pasture plants. The fatty acid profile of the tissues of the Yakutian cattle differed from that of pasture plants: 16:0, 18:2n-6, and 18:3n-3 dominated in the pasture plants; 16:0, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, and 22:5n-3 dominated in the meat and liver; and 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1n-9 dominated in the fat. The fatty acid composition of food products is related to the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The meat and liver of the Yakutian cattle are health food products that contribute to decreasing the risk of developing CVD because of their rather high content of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids, optimal n-6/n-3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratios, low values of indexes of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity, and high values of hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic and health-promoting indexes. The results of the present study support the importance of preserving this valuable cattle breed. Actions should be taken to increase their population while retaining their contemporary housing and feeding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesia N. Makhutova
- Institute of Biophysics of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (O.N.M.); (K.N.S.)
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Vasiliy V. Nokhsorov
- Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 41 Lenina Av., 677000 Yakutsk, Russia;
| | - Kirill N. Stoyanov
- Institute of Biophysics of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (O.N.M.); (K.N.S.)
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Lyubov V. Dudareva
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 132 Lermontova Str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
| | - Klim A. Petrov
- Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 41 Lenina Av., 677000 Yakutsk, Russia;
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2
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Guo L, Chang Y, Sun Z, Deng J, Jin Y, Shi M, Zhang J, Miao Z. Effects of Chinese Yam Polysaccharide on Intramuscular Fat and Fatty Acid Composition in Breast and Thigh Muscles of Broilers. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071479. [PMID: 37048300 PMCID: PMC10094610 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influences of Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) dietary supplementation on the composition of intramuscular fat (IMF) and fatty acids (FA) in thigh and breast muscles of broilers. Three hundred and sixty healthy one-day-old broilers (the breed of Crossbred chicken is named 817) with gender-balanced and similar body weight (39 ± 1 g) were randomly allocated into four groups (control, CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 groups). Broilers in the control group were only fed a basal diet, and broilers in CYP1 group were fed the same diets further supplemented with 250 mg/kg CYP, the CYP2 group was fed the same diets further supplemented with 500 mg/kg CYP, and the CYP3 group was fed the same diets further supplemented with 1000 mg/kg CYP, respectively. Each group consisted of three replicates and each replicate consisted of 30 birds. The feeding days were 48 days. The results observed that the CYP2 group (500 mg/kg) can up-regulate the mRNA expression levels of β-catenin in thigh muscle compared to the control group. At the same time, all CYP groups (CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 groups) can up-regulate mRNA expression of Wnt1 and β-catenin in breast muscle, while mRNA expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in breast and thigh muscles could be down-regulated (p < 0.05). In summary, 500 mg/kg of CYP dietary supplementation can reduce IMF content and improve the FAs composition, enhancing the nutritional value of chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yadi Chang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jiahua Deng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yan Jin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Mingyan Shi
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Jinzhou Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhiguo Miao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-373-3040718; Fax: +86-373-3040718
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3
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Changes in lipids metabolism indices as a result of different form of selenium supplementation in chickens. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13817. [PMID: 35970995 PMCID: PMC9378790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential element that is important for many metabolic processes. Feed components used in chicken nutrition, especially cereals, may be deficient in selenium, hence selenium supplementation is necessary. Taking into account the progress in breeding, and thus the higher demand of birds for this element, it seems obvious to investigate an increased selenium dose in the diet of chickens. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of feed enriched with different forms of selenium at an increased dose of 0.5 mg/kg feed on the profile and metabolism of fatty acids in the breast muscle and liver of chickens. The study was conducted on 300 Ross 308 chickens reared for 42 days under standard conditions. The control group received feed supplemented with sodium selenite at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg feed. The research groups received different forms of selenium (sodium selenate, selenised yeast, nano-selenium) at an increased dose of 0.5 mg/kg feed. The study showed that the administration of different forms of selenium in the feed affected its concentration in the breast muscle and liver (p ≤ 0.01). Nano-selenium was found to have a high bioavailability, but also a lower risk of toxicity compared to other forms of selenium. Using different forms of selenium (p ≤ 0.01) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg feed can significantly modify the fatty acid profile, lipid and enzymatic indices of fatty acid metabolism in breast muscle and liver.
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Hu X, Wu D, Tang L, Zhang J, Zeng Z, Geng F, Li H. Binding mechanism and antioxidant activity of piperine to hemoglobin. Food Chem 2022; 394:133558. [PMID: 35753257 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Piperine (PIP) is the most active main component in pepper. The interaction of small molecules with biomolecules leads to structural and functional changes. In this study, the binding mechanism and antioxidant activity of PIP with hemoglobin (Hb) are presented using spectroscopic and computational methods. Results showed that the redox activity of PIP on Hb showed concentration dependence. Fluorescence and isothermal titration calorimetric experiments showed that the Hb-PIP system had a static quenching mechanism at a single binding site. The addition of PIP caused a slight perturbation to the secondary structure of Hb by structural analysis. The structural stability of the Hb-PIP binding system was demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations, and molecular docking and thermodynamic constants confirmed that the electrostatic interaction force was dominant in the energy contribution of the system. Research results are conducive to the potential use of PIP in related meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Di Wu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Lan Tang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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5
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Effect of Dietary Enrichment with Flaxseed, Vitamin E and Selenium, and of Market Class on the Broiler Breast Meat-Part 1: Nutritional and Functional Traits. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081666. [PMID: 35458228 PMCID: PMC9024534 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary enrichment with flaxseed, selenium and vitamin E, and market class on the nutritional and functional value of breast meat was evaluated. A completely randomized block design was set up, where the experimental unit (n = 6000 birds) received conventional or enriched diet and was slaughtered at 37 (light class), 47 (medium class), or 57 (heavy class) days of life. Hence, functional and standard Pectoralis major muscles from every market class were analyzed for FA composition, inorganic elements and vitamin E. Lipid metabolism indices and health lipid indicators were assessed along with the nutritional value. A multiple linear model revealed that in breasts, the dietary treatment significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the FA profile, lipid metabolism and health lipid indices, while the slaughtering weight was related (p < 0.05) to most of elements (e.g., Na, Mg, K, Mn, and Se) and vitamin E. The interdependence of the two factors had strong relations (p < 0.05) with total PUFAs, including linolenic acid, desaturase activities, health lipid indices, trace essential elements and vitamin E. Consequently, enriched meat from heavy chickens showed the best functional and nutritional traits. Overall, the study pointed out that both market class and dietary manipulation are two relevant factors to consider for producing breast meat with higher nutritional and functional value.
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6
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Proximate composition and lipid nutritional indices of larvae and pupae of the edible Huhu beetle (Prionoplus reticularis) endemic to New Zealand. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Leiva PML, Frutos AE, Lavandera J, Simoncini MS, Labaque MC, Piña CI, González MA. Effect of flaxseed and flaxseed oil supplemented in caiman diet on meat fatty acids. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:550. [PMID: 34800206 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02974-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Increasing polyunsaturated or long-chain fatty acids in meat for human consumption improves both nutritional quality and consumer perception. The increase could occur through the addition of rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids (such as flaxseed or flaxseed oil) to the animal diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplement with two presentations of flax (crushed seeds or oil) on the change of FA content in two cuts of caiman meat (tail and neck). We measured fatty profile in two different caiman meat cuts (neck and tail) from 30 animals (total length 96.7 ± 4.9 cm, snout-vent length 47.8 ± 3 cm, weight 4.2 ± 0.6 kg), raised in individual enclosures, fed three a week for 50 days with crushed chicken head and a dry food formulated for these reptiles in a 70/30 ratio (C, n = 10), control diet with 10% crushed flaxseed (FS, n = 10), and control diet with 10% flaxseed oil (FO, n = 10), while the remaining days animals were fed the control diet. Meats from animals fed both enrichment diet (FS and FO) showed an increase of C18:3n-3 and ΣUFA with respect to control diet. Although both enriched diets raised the levels of C18:3n-3, the neck showed higher values than the tail. We observed that the neck is more susceptible than the tail to be improved by FO, which could suggest that it is more beneficial to consume neck meat. In order to be implemented in caiman farms, flaxseed oil is more expensive than seed, but more effective, easier to manage, and is practical for application on caiman farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela M L Leiva
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Y Transferencia de Tecnología a La Producción-Provincia de Entre Ríos-Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas, España 149, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Proyecto Yacaré - Laboratorio de Zoología AplicadaAnexo Vertebrados, (Facultad de Humanidades Y Ciencias-Universidad Nacional del Litoral/Ministerio de Medio Ambiente), Aristóbulo del Valle 8700, Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencia Y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos (FCYT-UADER), Tratardo del Pilar 314, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Antonio E Frutos
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Y Transferencia de Tecnología a La Producción-Provincia de Entre Ríos-Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas, España 149, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencia Y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos (FCYT-UADER), Tratardo del Pilar 314, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Jimena Lavandera
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo S/N, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Melina S Simoncini
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Y Transferencia de Tecnología a La Producción-Provincia de Entre Ríos-Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas, España 149, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina. .,Proyecto Yacaré - Laboratorio de Zoología AplicadaAnexo Vertebrados, (Facultad de Humanidades Y Ciencias-Universidad Nacional del Litoral/Ministerio de Medio Ambiente), Aristóbulo del Valle 8700, Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina. .,Facultad de Ciencia Y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos (FCYT-UADER), Tratardo del Pilar 314, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina.
| | - María C Labaque
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Y Tecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carlos I Piña
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Y Transferencia de Tecnología a La Producción-Provincia de Entre Ríos-Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas, España 149, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Proyecto Yacaré - Laboratorio de Zoología AplicadaAnexo Vertebrados, (Facultad de Humanidades Y Ciencias-Universidad Nacional del Litoral/Ministerio de Medio Ambiente), Aristóbulo del Valle 8700, Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencia Y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos (FCYT-UADER), Tratardo del Pilar 314, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Marcela A González
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo S/N, Santa Fe, Argentina
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8
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Dev K, Begum J, Biswas A, Mir NA, Singh J, Prakash R, Sonowal J, Bharali K, Tomar S, Kant R, Ahlawat N. Hepatic transcriptome analysis reveals altered lipid metabolism and consequent health indices in chicken supplemented with dietary Bifidobacterium bifidum and mannan-oligosaccharides. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17895. [PMID: 34504213 PMCID: PMC8429770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the role of dietary prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), and probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum (BFD) in lipid metabolism, deposition, and consequent health indices in broiler chicken. The supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed resulted in downregulation of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, sterolregulatory element binding protein-1, and apolipoprotein B100; and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α AMP-activated protein kinase α-1, and stearoyl CoA (∆9) desaturase-1 hepatic expression in broiler chicken. The birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed depicted lower body fat percentage, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and saturated fatty acid contents, whereas, higher palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and MUFA contents were observed. The ∆9-desaturase indices of chicken meat have shown higher values; and elongase index (only thigh) and thioesterase index have shown lower values in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. The meat health indices such as Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/Saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratio, Mono-saturated fatty acids (MUFA)/SFA ratio, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA)/SFA ratio, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio, saturation index, atherogenic index, thrombogenic index, and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid content were positively improved in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. Similarly, the birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed have shown lower serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels along with higher high density levels and improved serum health indices cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and, atherogenic index of plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Dev
- grid.505927.c0000 0004 1764 5112ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 India ,Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211007 India
| | - Jubeda Begum
- grid.440691.e0000 0001 0708 4444College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145 India
| | - Avishek Biswas
- grid.505927.c0000 0004 1764 5112ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 India
| | - Nasir Akbar Mir
- grid.505927.c0000 0004 1764 5112ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- grid.418363.b0000 0004 0506 6543CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 India
| | - Ravi Prakash
- grid.418363.b0000 0004 0506 6543CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 India
| | - Joyshikh Sonowal
- grid.417990.20000 0000 9070 5290ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 India
| | - Krishna Bharali
- grid.417990.20000 0000 9070 5290ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 India
| | - Simmi Tomar
- grid.505927.c0000 0004 1764 5112ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 India
| | - Rajiv Kant
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211007 India
| | - Neeraj Ahlawat
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211007 India
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9
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Pădureţ S. The Effect of Fat Content and Fatty Acids Composition on Color and Textural Properties of Butter. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154565. [PMID: 34361713 PMCID: PMC8347263 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The textural properties of butter are influenced by its fat content and implicitly by the fatty acids composition. The impact of butter’s chemical composition variation was studied in accordance with texture and color properties. From 37 fatty acids examined, only 18 were quantified in the analyzed butter fat samples, and approximately 69.120% were saturated, 25.482% were monounsaturated, and 5.301% were polyunsaturated. The butter samples’ viscosity ranged between 0.24 and 2.12 N, while the adhesiveness ranged between 0.286 to 18.19 N·mm. The principal component analysis (PCA) separated the butter samples based on texture parameters, fatty acids concentration, and fat content, which were in contrast with water content. Of the measured color parameters, the yellowness b* color parameter is a relevant indicator that differentiated the analyzed sample into seven statistical groups; the ANOVA statistics highlighted this difference at a level of p < 0.001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Pădureţ
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 University Str., 720229 Suceava, Romania
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10
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Dev K, Begum J, Biswas A, Kannoujia J, Mir NA, Sonowal J, Kant R, Narender T. Dietary Lactobacillus acidophilus and Mannan-Oligosaccharides Alter the Lipid Metabolism and Health Indices in Broiler Chickens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:633-646. [PMID: 33165834 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dietary Lactobacillus acidophilus (LBA) and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on lipid metabolism and consequent lipid profile and health indices in broiler chicken were investigated in this study. Supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 LBA/g feed in broiler chicken downregulated hepatic expression of genes involved in lipogenesis, and upregulated expression of lipolytic genes. It caused decline of lipogenesis and increase of lipid oxidation which resulted in lower carcass fat content. None of the genes studied influenced fatty acid profile of chicken meat except the expression of stearoyl CoA (Δ9) desaturase-1 (SCD-1) whose upregulation increased monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content at the cost of saturated fatty acid (SFA) content. The lipid metabolism indices of chicken meat such as ∆9 desaturase index (DI) increased in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU LBA/g feed, whereas no effect was observed on ∆5 + ∆6 DI. The supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU LBA/g feed in birds improved the health indices of chicken meat due to upregulation of SCD-1 expression. The supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU LBA/g feed in broiler chicken produced hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic effects with improved serum cardio-protective indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Dev
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India.,Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, India
| | - Jubeda Begum
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Avishek Biswas
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India.
| | - Jyoti Kannoujia
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Nasir Akbar Mir
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India
| | - Joyshikh Sonowal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India
| | - Rajiv Kant
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, India
| | - T Narender
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
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11
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Chen J, Liu H. Nutritional Indices for Assessing Fatty Acids: A Mini-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165695. [PMID: 32784511 PMCID: PMC7460856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fats are generally fatty acids that may play positive or negative roles in the prevention and treatment of diseases. In nature, fatty acids occur in the form of mixtures of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), so their nutritional and/or medicinal values must be determined. Herein, we do not consider the classic indices, such as ∑SFA, ∑MUFA, ∑PUFA, ∑n-6 PUFA, ∑n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA; instead, we summarize and review the definitions, implications, and applications of indices used in recent years, including the PUFA/SFA, index of atherogenicity (IA), the index of thrombogenicity (IT), the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (HH), the health-promoting index (HPI), the unsaturation index (UI), the sum of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA), fish lipid quality/flesh lipid quality (FLQ), the linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid (LA/ALA) ratio, and trans fatty acid (TFA). Of these nutritional indices, IA and IT are the most commonly used to assess the composition of fatty acids as they outline significant implications and provide clear evidence. EPA + DHA is commonly used to assess the nutritional quality of marine animal products. All indices have their advantages and disadvantages; hence, a rational choice of which to use is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0532-82031823
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12
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Dev K, Mir NA, Biswas A, Kannoujia J, Begum J, Kant R, Mandal A. Dietary synbiotic supplementation improves the growth performance, body antioxidant pool, serum biochemistry, meat quality, and lipid oxidative stability in broiler chickens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 6:325-332. [PMID: 33005766 PMCID: PMC7503080 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LBA) and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation on the production performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant profile, health indices, meat quality, and lipid oxidative stability of broiler chicken. A total of 252 commercial broiler chickens at 1 d old of uniform body weight were randomly allocated to 6 maize-soybean-based dietary treatments: T1 (control diet), T2 ( antibiotic bacitracin methylene di-salicylate [BMD] at 20 mg/kg diet), T3 (MOS at 0.1% + LBA at 106 CFU/g feed), T4 (MOS at 0.1% + LBA at 107 CFU/g feed), T5 (MOS at 0.2% + LBA at 106 CFU/g feed), and T6 (MOS at 0.2% + LBA at 107 CFU/g feed). Each treatment was assigned to 6 replicates of 7 birds. The samples for meat quality and serum biochemistry analysis were taken from 12 birds per treatment (2 birds/replicate). The results revealed better (P < 0.01) growth performance and production efficiency of birds fed either T5 or T6 diet compared to control or BMD supplemented diet and BMD-supplemented birds superseded the control birds. Higher (P < 0.01) serum and liver antioxidant enzyme activities, meat antioxidant capacity (2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid [ABTS] and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] assays], serum total protein, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol (P < 0.05), and globulin levels (P < 0.01) were observed in birds fed either T5 or T6 diet compared to control or BMD supplemented birds, whereas, lower lipid oxidation (P < 0.01), cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, atherogenic index of plasma, serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels (P < 0.01), and serum albumin-to-globulin ratio (P < 0.05) were observed in the chickens. The pH of meat from birds fed T4, T5 or T6 diet was lower (P < 0.01) compared to control and other treatments. The extract release volume (ERV), water holding capacity (WHC), and protein content of meat were higher (P < 0.05) in birds fed either T5 or T6 diet compared to control or BMD supplemented birds. Thus, it was concluded that the supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with LBA at 106 CFU/g is optimum for better growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant profile, health indices, meat quality, and lipid oxidative stability of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Dev
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India.,Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, India
| | - Nasir Akbar Mir
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - Avishek Biswas
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - Jyoti Kannoujia
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Jubeda Begum
- G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar 263145, India
| | - Rajiv Kant
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, India
| | - Asitbaran Mandal
- ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
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13
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Effectiveness Evaluation of Use of Various Protein Feeds for Broiler Chicken Feeding. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to assess the suitability of various protein feeds in broiler chicken feeding. The study covered 160 birds split into 5 equipotent groups (SBM, EFFS, RFFS, EL, DDGS). Four protein feeds were an experimental factor: extruded full-fat soybean (EFFS group), raw full-fat soybean (RFFS group), extruded lupine (EL group) and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS group) that were added to starter rations in an amount replacing 30%, and in grower and finisher rations 50% of extracted soybean meal protein. Results showed that after replacing an identical amount of extracted soybean meal protein with protein from extruded soybean or DDGS in chicken rations, the final body weight and feed conversion ratio were similar to those of birds from the control group. Deterioration (P≤0.01) in the above-mentioned parameters was observed for chickens fed with rations containing raw soybean or extruded lupine. Birds that were given rations containing raw soybean (RFFS group) were characterized by the lowest dressing percentage, and, compared to the control group, the difference was significant (P≤0.01). The type of protein feed contained in the rations did not affect the musculature of chickens, however it did impact their fat deposition. Fat deposition was the lowest in birds from RFFS and DDGS groups that reached the lowest final body weight. Microscopic images of all examined livers showed a normal histological structure. The results of the studies carried out provide a basis for recommending the use of extruded full-fat soybean or DDGS in broiler chicken rations as partial substitutes for extracted soybean meal protein.
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Kumar F, Tyagi PK, Mir NA, Dev K, Begum J, Biswas A, Sheikh SA, Tyagi PK, Sharma D, Sahu B, Biswas AK, Deo C, Mandal AB. Dietary flaxseed and turmeric is a novel strategy to enrich chicken meat with long chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with better oxidative stability and functional properties. Food Chem 2019; 305:125458. [PMID: 31505416 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effects of feeding flaxseed meal (FSM) and turmeric rhizome powder (TRP) supplementation on tissue lipid profile, lipid metabolism, health indices, oxidative stability, and physical properties of broiler chicken meat. The 100 g FSM along with 10.0 g TRP supplementation significantly increased the ω-3 PUFA, particularly ALA, EPA, DPA, and DHA of broiler chicken meat due to the corresponding increase ∆9 and Δ5 + Δ6 desaturase activities. The increased activities of the desaturases resulted in significantly better health indices of the broiler chicken meat. The feeding of 100 g FSM along with 10.0 g TRP supplementation reduced the atherogenic and thrombogenic indices of broiler chicken meat. The 100 g FSM feeding reduced the oxidative stability, water holding capacity, extract release volume of broiler chicken meat and increased drip loss, whereas, 10.0 g TRP supplementation reversed these negative effects of FSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faneshwar Kumar
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Praveen K Tyagi
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Nasir Akbar Mir
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
| | - Kapil Dev
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Jubeda Begum
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, India
| | - Avishek Biswas
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | | | - Pramod K Tyagi
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Bharti Sahu
- Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, India
| | - Ashim K Biswas
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Chandra Deo
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - A B Mandal
- ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
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15
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Kumar F, Tyagi PK, Mir NA, Tyagi PK, Dev K, Bera I, Biswas AK, Sharma D, Mandal AB, Deo C. Role of Flaxseed Meal Feeding for Different Durations in the Lipid Deposition and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faneshwar Kumar
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Praveen K. Tyagi
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Nasir Akbar Mir
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Pramod K. Tyagi
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Indrajit Bera
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Ashim K. Biswas
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Asit Baran Mandal
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
| | - Chandra Deo
- Avian Nutrition & Feed Technology Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, 243122 India
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